3.9.2

Timber: Finishes

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Finishes

Finishes for wood are:

Danish oil

Danish oil

  • This provides a hard wearing finish for furniture projects.
  • It is a mixture of oil and varnish.
Wax polish

Wax polish

  • This provides a light sheen and provides protection to the wood.
  • It will bring out the natural grain of the wood.
Varnish

Varnish

  • Varnish is used to bring a shine to the wood whilst protecting it and enhancing the grain.
  • The varnish will also come in many different types like matt, gloss or satin.
Painting

Painting

  • Painting can provide a completely different colour.
  • It will require a primer which is an undercoat to the wood.

Tanalising

Tanalising is another way to finish wood.

Tanalising

Tanalising

  • Tanalising is the process in which timber (fence timber is treated) to allow for further gains in strength and acts as protection against the outdoor elements.
  • A chamber is created which is vacuumed. This opens the timber cells.
  • Hydraulic pressure is then applied which allows the preservative to penetrate the cells.
Step 1

Step 1

  • The tanalising process involves placing the timber within the treatment cylinder and creating an initial vacuum within the timber cells.
Step 2

Step 2

  • After some time (once the timber is fully immersed in the treatment) the timber is put back into a vacuum chamber so any excess solution can be removed.
Step 3

Step 3

  • Hydraulic pressure is then applied, forcing the preservative deep into the timber cells.
Step 4

Step 4

  • The timber is then left out so the preservative can fully fix on the surface grain and deeper into the wood.
  • The lower pressure of the timber can allow this to happen at a steady pace.
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1

Core Technical Principles

1.1

New & Emerging Technologies

1.1.1Industry1.1.2Enterprise1.1.3Sustainability1.1.4People1.1.5Culture & Society1.1.6Environment1.1.7Production Techniques & Systems1.1.8Emerging Technologies & Design1.1.9End of Topic Test - New & Emerging Technologies1.1.10Exam-Style Questions - Emerging Technologies
1.2

Energy Generation & Storage

1.2.1Fossil Fuels & Nuclear1.2.2Renewable Energy1.2.3Energy Storage Systems
1.3

Developments in New Materials

1.3.1Modern Materials1.3.2Smart Materials1.3.3Exam-Style Questions - Smart Materials1.3.4Composite Materials1.3.5Technical Textiles
1.4

Systems Approach to Designing

1.4.1Inputs1.4.2Processes1.4.3Outputs1.4.4Looped Systems
1.5

Mechanical Devices

1.5.1Types of Movement1.5.2Levers1.5.3Linkages1.5.4Rotary Systems1.5.5End of Topic Test - Designing & Mechanical Devices
1.6

Materials Categories

1.6.1Timbers1.6.2Metals & Alloys1.6.3Metals & Alloys 21.6.4Polymers1.6.5Polymer Types1.6.6Textiles1.6.7Textile Types: Fibres1.6.8Textile Types: Weave1.6.9Paper & Boards
1.7

Material Properties

1.7.1Physical & Working Properties1.7.2End of Topic Test - Materials1.7.3Exam-Style Questions - Materials
2

Paper & Board: Specialist Technical Principles

2.1

Selection of Materials

2.1.1Paper & Boards2.1.2Working with Paper & Boards
2.2

Paper & Board: Forces & Stresses

2.2.1Paper & Board: Forces & Stresses2.2.2Cardboard & Paper
2.3

Paper & Board: Ecological & Social Footprint

2.3.1Paper & Board: Ecological & Social Footprint2.3.2Paper & Board: The Six Rs2.3.3Social Issues
2.4

Paper & Board: Sources & Origins

2.4.1Paper & Board2.4.2End of Topic Test - Paper & Board
2.5

Paper & Board: Using Materials

2.5.1Paper & Board: Properties of Materials2.5.2Paper & Board: Modification of Materials2.5.3Paper & Board: Shape & Form
2.6

Paper & Board: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

2.6.1Paper & Board: Forms2.6.2Paper & Board: Types2.6.3Paper & Board: Sizes2.6.4Paper & Board: Standards Components
2.7

Paper & Board: Scales of Production

2.7.1Paper & Board: Scales of Production2.7.2Exam-Style Questions - Scales of Production
2.8

Paper & Board: Specialist Techniques & Processes

2.8.1Paper & Board: Techniques & Processes2.8.2Paper & Board: Quality Control
2.9

Paper & Board: Surface Treatments & Finishes

2.9.1Paper & Board: Surface Treatments & Finishes2.9.2End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques
3

Timber: Specialist Technical Principles

3.1

Timber: Selection of Materials

3.1.1Timber Based Materials3.1.2Timber: Environment & Ethics
3.2

Timber: Forces & Stresses

3.2.1Timber: Forces & Stresses3.2.2Timber
3.3

Timber: Ecological & Social Footprint

3.3.1Timber: Ecological & Social Footprint3.3.2Timber: The Six Rs3.3.3Timber: Social Issues3.3.4Exam-Style Questions - Timber
3.4

Timber: Sources & Origins

3.4.1Timber3.4.2Timber: Processing & Seasoning3.4.3Manufactured Board3.4.4End of Topic Test - Timber
3.5

Timber: Using Materials

3.5.1Timber: Properties of Materials3.5.2Timber: Modification of Materials3.5.3Timber: Shape & Form3.5.4Timber: Shape & Form 2
3.6

Timber: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

3.6.1Timber: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes
3.7

Timber: Scales of Production

3.7.1Timber: Scales of Production
3.8

Timber: Specialist Techniques & Processes

3.8.1Timber: Tools, Equipment & Processes3.8.2Timber: Tools, Equipment & Processes 23.8.3Timber: Quality Control
3.9

Timber: Surface Treatments & Finishes

3.9.1Timber: Surface Treatments3.9.2Timber: Finishes3.9.3End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques
4

Metal: Specialist Technical Principles

4.1

Metals: Selection of Materials

4.1.1Metal-Based Materials4.1.2Ferrous Metals4.1.3Non-Ferrous Metals4.1.4Alloys4.1.5Metals: Environment & Ethics
4.2

Metals: Forces & Stresses

4.2.1Metals: Forces & Stresses
4.3

Metals: Ecological & Social Footprint

4.3.1Metals: Ecological Footprint4.3.2Metals: Social Footprint4.3.3Metals: The Six R's4.3.4Metals: Social Issues
4.4

Metals: Sources & Origins

4.4.1Origins of Metal4.4.2Processing Metals
4.5

Metals: Alloy-Based Materials

4.5.1Types of Metal Alloys4.5.2Alloying Elements4.5.3Properties & Benefits4.5.4Processing & Fabrication4.5.5Applications of Alloys4.5.6Metal Alloys in Industry4.5.7Applications of Metal Alloys
4.6

Metals: Using Materials

4.6.1Properties of Metals4.6.2Modification of Metals4.6.3Metals: Shape & Form
4.7

Metals: Scales of Production

4.7.1Metals: Scales of Production
4.8

Metals: Specialist Techniques & Processes

4.8.1Metals: Tools4.8.2Metals: Tools & Equipment4.8.3Metals: Cutting, Forming & Machining Processes4.8.4Metals: Joining, Casting & Heat Treatment Process
4.9

Metals: Quality Control

4.9.1Metals: Quality Control4.9.2Metals: Quality Control Processes
4.10

Metals: Surface Treatments & Finishes

4.10.1Metals: Surface Treatments4.10.2Metals: Surface Treatments for Metals4.10.3Metals: Finishes4.10.4Metals: Finishing Techniques for Metals
5

Polymers: Specialist Technical Principles

5.1

Polymers

5.1.1Polymers: Functionality & Aesthetics5.1.2Polymers: Environment & Ethics5.1.3Polymers: Sources, Origins & Properties5.1.4Polymers: Forces & Stresses5.1.5Polymers: Ecological & Social Footprint5.1.6Polymers: The Six R's
5.2

Polymer Categories

5.2.1Categories of Polymers5.2.2Thermoforming Polymers5.2.3Thermosetting Polymers
5.3

Polymer Forms

5.3.1Polymers: Stock Forms5.3.2Polymers: Shape & Form
5.4

Polymer Production, Techniques & Quality Control

5.4.1Polymers: Scales of Production5.4.2Polymers: Specialist Techniques & Processes5.4.3Polymers: Quality Control Systems: Tolerance5.4.4Polymers: Finishes
6

Textiles: Specialist Technical Principles

6.1

Textile Materials

6.1.1Origin of Textiles6.1.2Textile Industry
6.2

Selection of Materials

6.2.1Natural Fibres6.2.2Synthetic Fibres6.2.3Environmental Concerns6.2.4Environmental Impact6.2.5Ethical Challenges
6.3

Forces & Stresses

6.3.1Forces & Stresses
6.4

Ecological & Social Footprint

6.4.1Ecological Footprint6.4.2Social Footprint6.4.3Addressing Ecological & Social Footprints6.4.4The Six R's6.4.5Labour Conditions6.4.6Social Issues6.4.7Addressing Social Issues
7

Designing & Making Principles

7.1

Investigation & Data

7.1.1Iterative Design7.1.2Primary & Secondary Data7.1.3Market Research7.1.4Ergonomics7.1.5Specifications7.1.6End of Topic Test - Investigation & Data7.1.7Exam-Style Questions - Specifications
7.2

Environmental, Social & Economic Challenges

7.2.1Challenges7.2.2Your Research
7.3

The Work of Others

7.3.1Designers7.3.2Architects7.3.3Product Design7.3.4Industrial Designers7.3.5Product Design Companies7.3.6Textile Design Companies7.3.7End of Topic Test - The Work of Others
7.4

Design Strategies

7.4.1Design Strategies
7.5

Communication of Design Ideas

7.5.1Design Communication
7.6

Prototype Development

7.6.1Prototype Development
7.7

Selection of Materials

7.7.1Materials
7.8

Tolerances

7.8.1Tolerances
7.9

Material Management

7.9.1Managing Material7.9.2Tools
7.10

Specialist Equipment

7.10.1Health & Safety
7.11

Specialist Techniques & Processes

7.11.1Specialist Techniques & Processes7.11.2Surface Finishes7.11.3End of Topic Test - Designing & Making

Practice questions on Timber: Finishes

Can you answer these? Test yourself with free interactive practice on Seneca — used by over 10 million students.

  1. 1
    What is Danish oil made from?Multiple choice
  2. 2
    What finish brings out the natural grain in the wood?Multiple choice
  3. 3
    Which of these products might one tanalise?Multiple choice
  4. 4
    The Tanalising ProcessPut in order
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Timber: Surface Treatments

End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques