1.1.4

People

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People

The impact of new and emerging technologies affect people in different ways:

Technology push

Technology push

Technology push is where a new technology is invented and then designers or engineers use it in a new product. Technology is pushing the innovation of a new product.
It is not led by consumer demand, however it is appealing to people as it produces innovative products and increases choice.

Examples of technology push

Examples of technology push

Examples include:
- Dyson developed the cyclone technology inside his vacuum cleaners creating a bagless design.
- Touch screen technology was integrated into mobile phones.

Market pull

Market pull

Market pull is where consumers have a need or desire for a new product and it is then developed and produced. This could be a new product or an upgrade.
This is led by consumer demand and helps to maintain brand loyalty and create new customers.

Examples of market pull

Examples of market pull

Examples include:
- The culture of taking a selfie and posting on social media lead to a demand for smartphones to have integrated forward facing cameras.
- The social pressure put upon companies to help the environment, led to the development of biodegradable plastic bags that degrade after use.

Choice

Choice

People now have a lot more choice about the products they buy.
They can shop all over the world and products are posted to their door.
The market is competitive so prices are kept low.

Changing job roles

Changing job roles

More technological advancements and automation means machines are replacing low-skilled workers.
The industry is changing all the time and people need transferrable and adaptable skills to keep up.

1

Core Technical Principles

1.1

New & Emerging Technologies

1.1.1Industry 1.1.2Enterprise 1.1.3Sustainability 1.1.4People 1.1.5Culture & Society 1.1.6Environment 1.1.7Production Techniques & Systems 1.1.8Emerging Technologies & Design 1.1.9End of Topic Test - New & Emerging Technologies 1.1.10Exam-Style Questions - Emerging Technologies

1.2

Energy Generation & Storage

1.2.1Fossil Fuels & Nuclear 1.2.2Renewable Energy 1.2.3Energy Storage Systems

1.3

Developments in New Materials

1.3.1Modern Materials 1.3.2Smart Materials 1.3.3Exam-Style Questions - Smart Materials 1.3.4Composite Materials 1.3.5Technical Textiles

1.4

Systems Approach to Designing

1.4.1Inputs 1.4.2Processes 1.4.3Outputs 1.4.4Looped Systems

1.5

Mechanical Devices

1.5.1Types of Movement 1.5.2Levers 1.5.3Linkages 1.5.4Rotary Systems 1.5.5End of Topic Test - Designing & Mechanical Devices

1.6

Materials Categories

1.6.1Timbers 1.6.2Metals & Alloys 1.6.3Metals & Alloys 2 1.6.4Polymers 1.6.5Polymer Types 1.6.6Textiles 1.6.7Textile Types: Fibres 1.6.8Textile Types: Weave 1.6.9Paper & Boards

1.7

Material Properties

1.7.1Physical & Working Properties 1.7.2End of Topic Test - Materials 1.7.3Exam-Style Questions - Materials

2

Paper & Board: Specialist Technical Principles

2.1

Selection of Materials

2.1.1Paper & Boards 2.1.2Working with Paper & Boards

2.2

Paper & Board: Forces & Stresses

2.2.1Paper & Board: Forces & Stresses 2.2.2Cardboard & Paper

2.3

Paper & Board: Ecological & Social Footprint

2.3.1Paper & Board: Ecological & Social Footprint 2.3.2Paper & Board: The Six Rs 2.3.3Social Issues

2.4

Paper & Board: Sources & Origins

2.4.1Paper & Board 2.4.2End of Topic Test - Paper & Board

2.5

Paper & Board: Using Materials

2.5.1Paper & Board: Properties of Materials 2.5.2Paper & Board: Modification of Materials 2.5.3Paper & Board: Shape & Form

2.6

Paper & Board: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

2.6.1Paper & Board: Forms 2.6.2Paper & Board: Types 2.6.3Paper & Board: Sizes 2.6.4Paper & Board: Standards Components

2.7

Paper & Board: Scales of Production

2.7.1Paper & Board: Scales of Production 2.7.2Exam-Style Questions - Scales of Production

2.8

Paper & Board: Specialist Techniques & Processes

2.8.1Paper & Board: Techniques & Processes 2.8.2Paper & Board: Quality Control

2.9

Paper & Board: Surface Treatments & Finishes

2.9.1Paper & Board: Surface Treatments & Finishes 2.9.2End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques

3

Timber: Specialist Technical Principles

3.1

Timber: Selection of Materials

3.1.1Timber Based Materials 3.1.2Timber: Environment & Ethics

3.2

Timber: Forces & Stresses

3.2.1Timber: Forces & Stresses 3.2.2Timber

3.3

Timber: Ecological & Social Footprint

3.3.1Timber: Ecological & Social Footprint 3.3.2Timber: The Six Rs 3.3.3Timber: Social Issues 3.3.4Exam-Style Questions - Timber

3.4

Timber: Sources & Origins

3.4.1Timber 3.4.2Timber: Processing & Seasoning 3.4.3Manufactured Board 3.4.4End of Topic Test - Timber

3.5

Timber: Using Materials

3.5.1Timber: Properties of Materials 3.5.2Timber: Modification of Materials 3.5.3Timber: Shape & Form 3.5.4Timber: Shape & Form 2

3.6

Timber: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

3.6.1Timber: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

3.7

Timber: Scales of Production

3.7.1Timber: Scales of Production

3.8

Timber: Specialist Techniques & Processes

3.8.1Timber: Tools, Equipment & Processes 3.8.2Timber: Tools, Equipment & Processes 2 3.8.3Timber: Quality Control

3.9

Timber: Surface Treatments & Finishes

3.9.1Timber: Surface Treatments 3.9.2Timber: Finishes 3.9.3End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques

4

Metal: Specialist Technical Principles

4.1

Metals: Selection of Materials

4.1.1Metal-Based Materials 4.1.2Ferrous Metals 4.1.3Non-Ferrous Metals 4.1.4Alloys 4.1.5Metals: Environment & Ethics

4.2

Metals: Forces & Stresses

4.2.1Metals: Forces & Stresses

4.3

Metals: Ecological & Social Footprint

4.3.1Metals: Ecological Footprint 4.3.2Metals: Social Footprint 4.3.3Metals: The Six R's 4.3.4Metals: Social Issues

4.4

Metals: Sources & Origins

4.4.1Origins of Metal 4.4.2Processing Metals

4.5

Metals: Alloy-Based Materials

4.5.1Types of Metal Alloys 4.5.2Alloying Elements 4.5.3Properties & Benefits 4.5.4Processing & Fabrication 4.5.5Applications of Alloys 4.5.6Metal Alloys in Industry 4.5.7Applications of Metal Alloys

4.6

Metals: Using Materials

4.6.1Properties of Metals 4.6.2Modification of Metals 4.6.3Metals: Shape & Form

4.7

Metals: Scales of Production

4.7.1Metals: Scales of Production

4.8

Metals: Specialist Techniques & Processes

4.8.1Metals: Tools 4.8.2Metals: Tools & Equipment 4.8.3Metals: Cutting, Forming & Machining Processes 4.8.4Metals: Joining, Casting & Heat Treatment Process

4.9

Metals: Quality Control

4.9.1Metals: Quality Control 4.9.2Metals: Quality Control Processes

4.10

Metals: Surface Treatments & Finishes

4.10.1Metals: Surface Treatments 4.10.2Metals: Surface Treatments for Metals 4.10.3Metals: Finishes 4.10.4Metals: Finishing Techniques for Metals

5

Polymers: Specialist Technical Principles

5.1

Polymers

5.1.1Polymers: Functionality & Aesthetics 5.1.2Polymers: Environment & Ethics 5.1.3Polymers: Sources, Origins & Properties 5.1.4Polymers: Forces & Stresses 5.1.5Polymers: Ecological & Social Footprint 5.1.6Polymers: The Six R's

5.2

Polymer Categories

5.2.1Categories of Polymers 5.2.2Thermoforming Polymers 5.2.3Thermosetting Polymers

5.3

Polymer Forms

5.3.1Polymers: Stock Forms 5.3.2Polymers: Shape & Form

5.4

Polymer Production, Techniques & Quality Control

5.4.1Polymers: Scales of Production 5.4.2Polymers: Specialist Techniques & Processes 5.4.3Polymers: Quality Control Systems: Tolerance 5.4.4Polymers: Finishes

6

Textiles: Specialist Technical Principles

6.1

Textile Materials

6.1.1Origin of Textiles 6.1.2Textile Industry

6.2

Selection of Materials

6.2.1Natural Fibres 6.2.2Synthetic Fibres 6.2.3Environmental Concerns 6.2.4Environmental Impact 6.2.5Ethical Challenges

6.3

Forces & Stresses

6.3.1Forces & Stresses

6.4

Ecological & Social Footprint

6.4.1Ecological Footprint 6.4.2Social Footprint 6.4.3Addressing Ecological & Social Footprints 6.4.4The Six R's 6.4.5Labour Conditions 6.4.6Social Issues 6.4.7Addressing Social Issues

7

Designing & Making Principles

7.1

Investigation & Data

7.1.1Iterative Design 7.1.2Primary & Secondary Data 7.1.3Market Research 7.1.4Ergonomics 7.1.5Specifications 7.1.6End of Topic Test - Investigation & Data 7.1.7Exam-Style Questions - Specifications

7.2

Environmental, Social & Economic Challenges

7.2.1Challenges 7.2.2Your Research

7.3

The Work of Others

7.3.1Designers 7.3.2Architects 7.3.3Product Design 7.3.4Industrial Designers 7.3.5Product Design Companies 7.3.6Textile Design Companies 7.3.7End of Topic Test - The Work of Others

7.4

Design Strategies

7.4.1Design Strategies

7.5

Communication of Design Ideas

7.5.1Design Communication

7.6

Prototype Development

7.6.1Prototype Development

7.7

Selection of Materials

7.8

Tolerances

7.8.1Tolerances

7.9

Material Management

7.9.1Managing Material 7.9.2Tools

7.10

Specialist Equipment

7.10.1Health & Safety

7.11

Specialist Techniques & Processes

7.11.1Specialist Techniques & Processes 7.11.2Surface Finishes 7.11.3End of Topic Test - Designing & Making

Jump to other topics

1

Core Technical Principles

1.1

New & Emerging Technologies

1.1.1Industry 1.1.2Enterprise 1.1.3Sustainability 1.1.4People 1.1.5Culture & Society 1.1.6Environment 1.1.7Production Techniques & Systems 1.1.8Emerging Technologies & Design 1.1.9End of Topic Test - New & Emerging Technologies 1.1.10Exam-Style Questions - Emerging Technologies

1.2

Energy Generation & Storage

1.2.1Fossil Fuels & Nuclear 1.2.2Renewable Energy 1.2.3Energy Storage Systems

1.3

Developments in New Materials

1.3.1Modern Materials 1.3.2Smart Materials 1.3.3Exam-Style Questions - Smart Materials 1.3.4Composite Materials 1.3.5Technical Textiles

1.4

Systems Approach to Designing

1.4.1Inputs 1.4.2Processes 1.4.3Outputs 1.4.4Looped Systems

1.5

Mechanical Devices

1.5.1Types of Movement 1.5.2Levers 1.5.3Linkages 1.5.4Rotary Systems 1.5.5End of Topic Test - Designing & Mechanical Devices

1.6

Materials Categories

1.6.1Timbers 1.6.2Metals & Alloys 1.6.3Metals & Alloys 2 1.6.4Polymers 1.6.5Polymer Types 1.6.6Textiles 1.6.7Textile Types: Fibres 1.6.8Textile Types: Weave 1.6.9Paper & Boards

1.7

Material Properties

1.7.1Physical & Working Properties 1.7.2End of Topic Test - Materials 1.7.3Exam-Style Questions - Materials

2

Paper & Board: Specialist Technical Principles

2.1

Selection of Materials

2.1.1Paper & Boards 2.1.2Working with Paper & Boards

2.2

Paper & Board: Forces & Stresses

2.2.1Paper & Board: Forces & Stresses 2.2.2Cardboard & Paper

2.3

Paper & Board: Ecological & Social Footprint

2.3.1Paper & Board: Ecological & Social Footprint 2.3.2Paper & Board: The Six Rs 2.3.3Social Issues

2.4

Paper & Board: Sources & Origins

2.4.1Paper & Board 2.4.2End of Topic Test - Paper & Board

2.5

Paper & Board: Using Materials

2.5.1Paper & Board: Properties of Materials 2.5.2Paper & Board: Modification of Materials 2.5.3Paper & Board: Shape & Form

2.6

Paper & Board: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

2.6.1Paper & Board: Forms 2.6.2Paper & Board: Types 2.6.3Paper & Board: Sizes 2.6.4Paper & Board: Standards Components

2.7

Paper & Board: Scales of Production

2.7.1Paper & Board: Scales of Production 2.7.2Exam-Style Questions - Scales of Production

2.8

Paper & Board: Specialist Techniques & Processes

2.8.1Paper & Board: Techniques & Processes 2.8.2Paper & Board: Quality Control

2.9

Paper & Board: Surface Treatments & Finishes

2.9.1Paper & Board: Surface Treatments & Finishes 2.9.2End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques

3

Timber: Specialist Technical Principles

3.1

Timber: Selection of Materials

3.1.1Timber Based Materials 3.1.2Timber: Environment & Ethics

3.2

Timber: Forces & Stresses

3.2.1Timber: Forces & Stresses 3.2.2Timber

3.3

Timber: Ecological & Social Footprint

3.3.1Timber: Ecological & Social Footprint 3.3.2Timber: The Six Rs 3.3.3Timber: Social Issues 3.3.4Exam-Style Questions - Timber

3.4

Timber: Sources & Origins

3.4.1Timber 3.4.2Timber: Processing & Seasoning 3.4.3Manufactured Board 3.4.4End of Topic Test - Timber

3.5

Timber: Using Materials

3.5.1Timber: Properties of Materials 3.5.2Timber: Modification of Materials 3.5.3Timber: Shape & Form 3.5.4Timber: Shape & Form 2

3.6

Timber: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

3.6.1Timber: Stock Forms, Types & Sizes

3.7

Timber: Scales of Production

3.7.1Timber: Scales of Production

3.8

Timber: Specialist Techniques & Processes

3.8.1Timber: Tools, Equipment & Processes 3.8.2Timber: Tools, Equipment & Processes 2 3.8.3Timber: Quality Control

3.9

Timber: Surface Treatments & Finishes

3.9.1Timber: Surface Treatments 3.9.2Timber: Finishes 3.9.3End of Topic Test - Specialist Techniques

4

Metal: Specialist Technical Principles

4.1

Metals: Selection of Materials

4.1.1Metal-Based Materials 4.1.2Ferrous Metals 4.1.3Non-Ferrous Metals 4.1.4Alloys 4.1.5Metals: Environment & Ethics

4.2

Metals: Forces & Stresses

4.2.1Metals: Forces & Stresses

4.3

Metals: Ecological & Social Footprint

4.3.1Metals: Ecological Footprint 4.3.2Metals: Social Footprint 4.3.3Metals: The Six R's 4.3.4Metals: Social Issues

4.4

Metals: Sources & Origins

4.4.1Origins of Metal 4.4.2Processing Metals

4.5

Metals: Alloy-Based Materials

4.5.1Types of Metal Alloys 4.5.2Alloying Elements 4.5.3Properties & Benefits 4.5.4Processing & Fabrication 4.5.5Applications of Alloys 4.5.6Metal Alloys in Industry 4.5.7Applications of Metal Alloys

4.6

Metals: Using Materials

4.6.1Properties of Metals 4.6.2Modification of Metals 4.6.3Metals: Shape & Form

4.7

Metals: Scales of Production

4.7.1Metals: Scales of Production

4.8

Metals: Specialist Techniques & Processes

4.8.1Metals: Tools 4.8.2Metals: Tools & Equipment 4.8.3Metals: Cutting, Forming & Machining Processes 4.8.4Metals: Joining, Casting & Heat Treatment Process

4.9

Metals: Quality Control

4.9.1Metals: Quality Control 4.9.2Metals: Quality Control Processes

4.10

Metals: Surface Treatments & Finishes

4.10.1Metals: Surface Treatments 4.10.2Metals: Surface Treatments for Metals 4.10.3Metals: Finishes 4.10.4Metals: Finishing Techniques for Metals

5

Polymers: Specialist Technical Principles

5.1

Polymers

5.1.1Polymers: Functionality & Aesthetics 5.1.2Polymers: Environment & Ethics 5.1.3Polymers: Sources, Origins & Properties 5.1.4Polymers: Forces & Stresses 5.1.5Polymers: Ecological & Social Footprint 5.1.6Polymers: The Six R's

5.2

Polymer Categories

5.2.1Categories of Polymers 5.2.2Thermoforming Polymers 5.2.3Thermosetting Polymers

5.3

Polymer Forms

5.3.1Polymers: Stock Forms 5.3.2Polymers: Shape & Form

5.4

Polymer Production, Techniques & Quality Control

5.4.1Polymers: Scales of Production 5.4.2Polymers: Specialist Techniques & Processes 5.4.3Polymers: Quality Control Systems: Tolerance 5.4.4Polymers: Finishes

6

Textiles: Specialist Technical Principles

6.1

Textile Materials

6.1.1Origin of Textiles 6.1.2Textile Industry

6.2

Selection of Materials

6.2.1Natural Fibres 6.2.2Synthetic Fibres 6.2.3Environmental Concerns 6.2.4Environmental Impact 6.2.5Ethical Challenges

6.3

Forces & Stresses

6.3.1Forces & Stresses

6.4

Ecological & Social Footprint

6.4.1Ecological Footprint 6.4.2Social Footprint 6.4.3Addressing Ecological & Social Footprints 6.4.4The Six R's 6.4.5Labour Conditions 6.4.6Social Issues 6.4.7Addressing Social Issues

7

Designing & Making Principles

7.1

Investigation & Data

7.1.1Iterative Design 7.1.2Primary & Secondary Data 7.1.3Market Research 7.1.4Ergonomics 7.1.5Specifications 7.1.6End of Topic Test - Investigation & Data 7.1.7Exam-Style Questions - Specifications

7.2

Environmental, Social & Economic Challenges

7.2.1Challenges 7.2.2Your Research

7.3

The Work of Others

7.3.1Designers 7.3.2Architects 7.3.3Product Design 7.3.4Industrial Designers 7.3.5Product Design Companies 7.3.6Textile Design Companies 7.3.7End of Topic Test - The Work of Others

7.4

Design Strategies

7.4.1Design Strategies

7.5

Communication of Design Ideas

7.5.1Design Communication

7.6

Prototype Development

7.6.1Prototype Development

7.7

Selection of Materials

7.8

Tolerances

7.8.1Tolerances

7.9

Material Management

7.9.1Managing Material 7.9.2Tools

7.10

Specialist Equipment

7.10.1Health & Safety

7.11

Specialist Techniques & Processes

7.11.1Specialist Techniques & Processes 7.11.2Surface Finishes 7.11.3End of Topic Test - Designing & Making

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Sustainability

Culture & Society