Biomechanics
Science: KS3, topic 1.6.3
Biomechanics
Biomechanics is the study of the structure and function and movement of biological systems and bodies. For human beings this is the study of how the skeleton moves.
Human biomechanics
- Adult humans have around 206 bones.
- Children have 270 bones.
- Some bones fuse together when children grow.
- Bone marrow can produce red blood cells and white blood cells.
- Minerals such as iron can be stored in the bones.
The human skeleton
- The human skeleton has the following major functions:
- Support - The skeleton keeps the body upright, keeps the body from toppling over, and gives the body its shape.
- Protection - The skeleton protects the body's organs such as the brain and lungs.
- Movement - Muscles connect to the skeleton which can produce movement in the joints.
Common bones - arms
- Humerus
- Ulna
- Radius
Common bones - legs
- Femur
- Patella
- Tibia
- Fibula
Common bones - ears
- Malleus
- Also called the hammer
- Incus
- Also called the anvil
- Stapes
- Also called the stirrup
Common bones - joints
- Hinge joints
- Elbow and knee
- Pivot joints
- Lower arm and neck
- Ball and socket joint
- Hip and shoulder
Test yourself on Biomechanics
What are common leg bones?
Which of these bones is found in the ear?
Select the correct statement in each pair.
A person falls heavily onto their chest, but their lungs are not seriously hurt. Which function of the skeleton explains this?