Balanced Diets
Science: KS3, topic 1.6.22
Balanced Diets
To remain healthy, humans must eat a balanced diet. This will help you feel the best you can be. A balanced diet consists of a variety of components.
Water
- About 60% of the human body is water.
- Body cells need water.
- You should try and drink 3 litres of water every day.
- Water is also found in foods.
Fats / Lipids
- We need small amounts of fats to provide us with energy.
- Fats help us absorb vitamins.
- Fats are good for insulation and for energy storage.
- They are found in butter, olives, nuts and seeds.
Fibre
- Fibre aids digestion.
- It is found in fruit and vegetables.
Proteins
- Proteins are used for the growth and repair of cells.
- They are found in dairy products such as eggs and milk as well as fish and meat.
Carbohydrates
- Provide a quick release of energy.
- Found in cereals, breads, pasta, potatoes.
Minerals
- An example of a mineral is iron.
- Iron makes haemoglobin in the blood that carries oxygen.
- Nuts and beans are rich in iron.
- Calcium is another example of a mineral.
- Calcium is needed for healthy bones and teeth.
- Milk and cheese are rich in calcium.
Vitamin A and vitamin D
- Vitamin A
- Supports the immune system in fighting infection, aids good vision and helps keep organs healthy.
- Vegetables, cheese, milk and eggs are rich in vitamin A.
- Vitamin D
- Regulates the calcium in the body to keep bones and teeth healthy.
- Lack of vitamin D can cause rickets.
- Fish and Eggs are a good source of vitamin D however you can also get in naturally from sunlight.
Vitamin C
- Vitamin C
- Maintains the skin and bones.
- A lack of vitamin C may lead to scurvy which was common among pirates.
- Fruit is a good source of vitamin C.
Test yourself on Balanced Diets
What percentage of the human body is water?
A person's diet contains very little iron from foods such as nuts and beans. What is the most likely effect on their body?
Bread, pasta and potatoes are carbohydrates. Why are these good foods to eat shortly before exercise?