The Fight for Racial Equality

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The Fight for Racial Equality

Despite the work done by Wilberforce and others, racism and slavery continued.

Racism in the United States

Slavery and racism formed a major part of life in the Southern United States.
Slavery was only abolished following the American Civil War.
However, the end of slavery in the US did not end racism.
The Black population continued to face a lot of discrimination, including:
- Segregation.
- Being denied the vote.
- Subjected to fatal violence.
Until the 1960s, in some States segregated housing was enforced by law.

The Civil Rights Movement

It wasn't until 1971 that laws were enforced in order to end segregated education.
Gradually other laws and changes came about, mainly due to the work of the American Civil Rights Movement.
Two men who led the movement for change were Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist Minister.
King encouraged the Black community in the US to use non-violence and civil disobedience to bring about change.
- King led a boycott of buses in Montgomery, Alabama, led to a change in the law that banned segregation on buses.
King was famous for his preaching.
King's 'I have a dream' speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington spoke of this vision for an America free of racial and religious division.
King was assassinated in 1968.

Malcolm X

Malcolm X was an African-American Muslim.
Malcolm X advocated more direct action and criticised non-violent campaigns.
Malcolm X said that if the political route to ending racism failed, people may need to take up arms.

Malcolm X (cont.)

Malcolm X saw a way of promoting equality through Islam.
- On a pilgrimage to Mecca Malcolm X saw Muslims ‘from blue-eyed blonds to black-skinned Africans’.
Malcolm X went to England and warned the Black community in Birmingham that racism was a threat to their lives.
Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965.

The Fight for Racial Equality (cont.)

Racism across the globe

Martin Luther King and Malcolm X both remind us that racism has been, and still is present in societies all over the world.
In the middle of the 20th Century in Europe, the Holocaust led to the mass killing of European Jews as a result of racist beliefs.
For most of the 20th Century South Africa practised apartheid: a separation of Black and white races.
- This led to great poverty and oppression within the majority Black community.

George Floyd

More recently, the killing of George Floyd (1973 - 2020) in Minneapolis, US, was a reminder that racism is still present.
Floyd, an African American, died at the hands of a police officer who knelt on his neck for over nine minutes.

George Floyd (cont.)

Many African Americans die each year at the hands of the police and vigilantes, yet often no one is prosecuted.
Floyd's death led to the campaign known as the Black Lives Matter movement.
- The Black Lives Matter movement promotes racial equality, and asks for justice from the legal system.

1Year 7

1.1Origins of Abrahamic Faith

1.2Judaism

1.2.1The Nature of God

1.2.2Creation

1.2.3What Do Jews Believe?

1.2.4Moses

1.2.5Abraham & Moses

1.2.6Tenakh & Talmud

1.2.7Rabbis & Rabbinic Literature

1.2.8The Jewish Scriptures - The Written Law

1.2.9The Jewish Scriptures - The Oral Law

1.2.10The Tradition of Discussion & Debate

1.2.11Orthodox Judaism

1.2.12Reform Judaism

1.2.13The Daily Practices of Orthodox & Reform Jews

1.2.14Morality & Living a Good Life

1.2.15Ethical Duties of Jews

1.2.16Prayer & Acts of Worship

1.2.17Written & Oral Jewish Law

1.2.18Afterlife

1.2.19The First Temple

1.2.20The Tabernacle's Journey & End

1.2.21Orthodox & Reform Synagogues

1.2.22The Daily Service

1.2.23What is Shabbat?

1.2.24Traditional Rituals for Shabbat

1.2.25What is Pesach?

1.2.26What is Yom Kippur?

1.2.27How Have Jews Been Persecuted?

1.2.28The Persecution of the Jews Throughout History

1.2.29The Black Death

1.2.30Antisemitism in Nazi Germany

1.2.31Antisemitism in Nazi Germany 2

1.2.32The Holocaust

1.2.33Genocide

1.2.34How the Holocaust has Impacted the Jewish Identity

1.2.35Holocaust Memorial

1.2.36Global Diversity of Jews

1.2.37Jewish Practices

1.2.38Jewish Celebrations & Rituals

1.3Christianity

1.4Buddhism

1.4.1Religion in India

1.4.2The Caste System

1.4.3Meditation

1.4.4Caste & Religion

1.4.5Puja

1.4.6Karma & the Cycle of Rebirth

1.4.7The Four Noble Truths - Dukkha and Samudaya

1.4.8The Four Noble Truths - Nirhoda and Magga

1.4.9The Three Marks of Existence

1.4.10The Buddha’s Noble Eightfold Path to Enlightenment

1.4.11How do Buddhists Live?

1.4.12The Four Sights

1.4.13The Buddha

1.4.14The Middle Way & Enlightenment

1.5Disciplinary Knowledge

1.5.1Scripture and Religious Authority

1.5.2Interpreting Data

1.5.3Forms of Expression

1.5.4Shaping and Being Shaped by Wider Society

2Year 8

2.1Islam

2.1.1Pre-Islamic Arabia

2.1.2The Prophet Muhammad & The Qur'an

2.1.3The Hijrah & The Conquest of Mecca

2.1.4The Prophet Muhammad: The Final Sermon

2.1.5The Sunni/Shia Split

2.1.6Islamic Caliphates

2.1.7The Five Pillars of Islam

2.1.8Origins of Hajj

2.1.9Hajj Rituals

2.1.10Jihad

2.1.11Islam Today

2.2Hinduism

2.2.1The Prehistoric Roots of Hinduism

2.2.2Key Ideas in Hinduism

2.2.3The Caste System

2.2.4The Vedic Period

2.2.5The Upanishads

2.2.6Alexander the Great & The Mauryan Empire

2.2.7Revelation & The Sharing of Knowledge

2.2.8Understanding the Self

2.2.9Karma, Yoga & the Self

2.2.10The Divine Presence

2.2.11Hindu Statues and Icons

2.2.12British Colonialism & Gandhi

2.3Atheism

2.3.1Where Did Atheism Come From?

2.3.2The Impact of Scientific Developments

2.3.3Plato's Cave

2.3.4Challenging the Bible

2.3.5The Enlightenment

2.3.6Evolution

2.3.7Evolution & Religion

2.3.8Morality & God

2.3.9Morality Without God

2.3.10Frederick Nietzsche - How to Live Without Religion

2.3.11Militant Atheism

2.3.12Humanism

2.3.13The Future of Atheism

2.4Philosophy of Religion

2.4.1Who is God?

2.4.2Theists, Atheists & Agnostics

2.4.3Faith & Empiricism

2.4.4The Design Argument

2.4.5Is The Design Argument Convincing?

2.4.6The Cosmological Argument

2.4.7Criticisms of The Cosmological Argument

2.4.8The Problem of Evil

2.4.9Free Will Theodicy

2.4.10Soul-Making Theodicy

2.4.11Religious Experience

2.4.12Types of Religious Experience

2.4.13Criticisms of Religious Experience

3Year 9

3.1Life & Death

3.1.1What is the Right Thing To Do?

3.1.2Thomas Aquinas - Natural Law

3.1.3Building a Moral Code

3.1.4Criticisms of Natural Law

3.1.5Joseph Fletcher - Situation Ethics

3.1.6Understanding Situation Ethics

3.1.7Criticisms of Situation Ethics

3.1.8Sanctity of Life

3.1.9Quality of Life

3.1.10Abortion

3.1.11Moral Questions About Abortion

3.1.12Euthanasia

3.1.13Moral Questions About Euthanasia

3.1.14Capital Punishment

3.1.15Arguments Against Captial Punishment

3.1.16Animal Rights

3.1.17Alternative Views on Animal Rights

3.2Extremism

3.3Equality

3.3.1Introduction to Equality

3.3.2Is the UK an Equal Society?

3.3.3Religion & Equality

3.3.4Interpreting the Scripture

3.3.5Racism & Scripture

3.3.6Scripture Against Racism

3.3.7The Fight for Racial Equality

3.3.8Gender Equality & Scripture

3.3.9Gender Equality; Women in Worship

3.3.10LGBTQ+ Matters

3.3.11The Fight for LGBTQ+ Equality

3.3.12Disability Matters

3.3.13The Fight for Disability Equality

4Additional Concepts

4.1Non-Religious People in the UK

4.1.1Statistics & Reasons

4.1.2Main Tenets on Non-Religious People

4.1.3Allegations Against Religious People

4.2Believing in God Oustide of Religion

4.2.1Non-Religious Believers & New Age

4.2.2Stay-At-Home Christians

4.2.3Agnosticism

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