18.1.1

Negation

Test yourself

Just the 'Nada' Bit

Putting 'no' before a verb makes the phrase negative. 'No hablo inglés' means I don't speak English. 'Nada' is added on to create the meaning of 'nothing' or 'anything'.

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'No'

  • Adding 'no' is the most simple way that we can turn a Spanish sentence into a negative. The 'no' will usually come before the verb.
    • Me gustan las verduras → No me gustan las verduras.
      • I like vegetables → I do not like vegetables.
  • 'No' comes after verbs of belief, hope and desire.
    • Creo que no.
      • I don't think so.
  • 'Que no' is used in short answers when there is no need to repeat a previous statement.
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'No'

  • No hago ejercicio.
    • I don't do exercise.
  • No como carne.
    • I don't eat meat.
  • No bebemos alcohol.
    • We don't drink alcohol.
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'No' + 'nada'

  • 'Nada' is used with 'no', in a double negation.
  • 'No' comes before the verb and 'nada' comes after.
    • No queremos hacer nada.
      • We don't want to do anything.
  • Occasionally 'nada' is used without 'no', but this is a very formal style.
    • Nada justifica el terrorismo.
      • Nothing justifies terrorism.
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'No' + 'nada'

  • No haces nada
    • You do nothing.
  • No tenemos nada que comer.
    • We don't have anything to eat.
  • No te gusta nada.
    • You like nothing.

Negatives

We can describe when something is not there in lots of different ways:

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Nadie - no one, nobody

  • 'Nadie' is used with 'no', 'nadie' comes after the verb.
    • No hay nadie en casa.
      • There is no one at home.
  • "Nadie' takes an impersonal 'a' when it is the object of the sentence.
    • No veo a nadie.
      • I cannot see anyone.
  • 'Nadie' can occasionally start a sentence as well, this is the only time it is used without 'no'.
    • Nadie quiere salir cuando hace frío.
      • Nobody wants to go outside when it is cold.
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Tampoco - neither

  • 'Tampoco' can be used by itself before the verb.
    • Yo tampoco sé nadar.
      • I can't swim either.
  • 'Tampoco' can be used after the verb if 'no' comes before the verb.
    • María no se gusta correr tampoco.
      • Maria doesn't like to run either.
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Nunca - never

  • 'Nunca' is used in a double negative construction as well as on its own.
    • No he ido nunca al cine.
      • I have never been to the cinema.
    • Nunca me olvidaré de Argentina.
      • I will never forget Argentina.
  • 'Nunca' can also be used with other negatives.
    • Nunca he visto a nadie tan alto.
      • I have never seen anyone so tall.
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Jamás - never

  • 'Jamás' is a close synonym to 'nunca'. It is used less frequently and it is more formal. It has the same uses.
    • Jamás quiero volver a Bélgica.
      • I never want to return to Belgium.
  • 'Jamás' is also used with 'nunca' to form the expression 'nunca jamás', meaning 'never ever'.
    • Nunca jamás volveré a Birmingham.
      • I will never return to Birmingham.

Negatives 2

In Spanish there are different words to express the negative action. The position of them varies. They can be used on their own or in a double negative construction.

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Ningún, ninguno/a/os/as - none, not one

  • 'Ningún, ninguno' can be used as an adjective.
    • No existe ningún problema. (there is no problem).
  • 'Ningún, ninguno' can be used as a pronoun and it refers to objects or people.
  • It agrees with the gender and person with the nouns that it replace.
    • Ninguna de las dos opciones tuvo éxito. (None of the two options were succesful).
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Ni...ni - neither...nor

  • 'Ni...ni' can be used in a double negative construction with 'no' or by itself.
  • It 'ni' is before the verb then 'no' is usually not needed in modern Spanish.
    • Ella no quiere ni agua ni café. (She doesn't want neither water nor coffee).
    • E.g. Ni más ni menos. (No more no less).
  • 'Ni' is also used with 'siquiera' to mean 'not even'.
    • E.g. Ni siquiera tengo un trabajo. (I don't even have a job).
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Sino - but rather

  • 'Sino' is always used in the second part of a negative statement, to correct the previous statement.
    • No me gustan las películas de terror sino las películas de comedía. (I don't like horror films but rather comedies).
  • When two verbs are conjugated, you must use 'sino que'.
    • No juego al fútbol sino que juego al rugby. (I don't play football, but rather I play rugby).
  • When 'no sólo' is used, you must use 'sino también'.
    • Mi amiga no sólo es simpática sino también guapa. (My friend is not only nice but also beautiful).
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Ya no - no longer

  • 'Ya no' is used before the verb and it is used by itself.
    • Ya no vivimos juntos.
      • We no longer live together.

Jump to other topics

1Los valores tradicionales y modernos

2El ciberespacio

3La igualdad de los sexos

4La inmigración

5El racismo

6La convivencia

7La influencia de los ídolos

8La identidad regional en España

9El patrimonio cultural

10El Laberinto del Fauno

11Nouns

12Articles

12.1Definite & Indefinite

12.2El with Feminine Nouns

12.3Lo + Adjective

13Adjectives

13.1Agreement

13.2Position

13.3Apocopation

13.4Comparative & Superlative

13.5Use of Adjectives as Nouns

13.6Demonstrative

13.7Indefinite

13.8Possessive

13.9Interrogative & Exclamative

13.10Relative

14Numerals & Quantifiers

15Pronouns

15.1Subject

15.2Object: Direct & Indirect

15.3Reflexive

15.4Unstressed & Stressed Forms

15.5Position & Order

15.6Relative

15.7Demonstrative

15.8Indefinite

15.9Possessive

15.10Interrogative

16Verbs

16.1Regular Conjugations

16.2Regular & Irregular Verbs

16.3Agreement of Verb & Subject

16.4Use of Hay Que in All Tenses

16.5Present Tense

16.6Preterite Tense

16.7Imperfect Tense

16.8Future Tense

16.9Conditional Tense

16.10Perfect Tense

16.11Future Perfect Tense

16.12Conditional Perfect Tense

16.13Pluperfect Tense

16.14Infinitive, Gerund & Past Participle

16.15Verbal Paraphrases

16.16Use of the Subjunctive

16.17Commands

16.18Conditional Sentences

16.19After Conjunctions of Time

16.20After Para Que, Sin Que

16.21In Relative Clauses

16.22After Other Subordinating Conjunctions

16.23With Verbs of Wishing & Commanding

16.24Sequence of Tense in Indirect Speech

16.25Voice

16.26Use of the Reflexives as a Passive

16.27Use of the Reflexive to Express an Impersonal

16.28Use of Ser + Past Participle

16.29Use of Estar + Past Participle

16.30'Nuance' Reflexive Verbs

16.31Modes of Address

16.32Constructions with Verbs

16.33Verbs Followed by an Infinitive

17Prepositions & Conjunctions

17.1All Prepositions

17.2'Personal' a

17.3Discrimination of Por and Para

17.4Coordinating Conjunctions

17.5Subordinating Conjunctions

17.6Use of Que to Introduce a Clause

18Negation, Questions & Commands

18.1Negation

19Word Order, Other Constructions & Discourse Marker

19.1Subject Following Verb

19.2Focalisation

19.3Time Expressions with Hace/Hacía

19.4Cleft Sentences

19.5Comparative Constructions

19.6Indirect Speech

19.7Discourse Markers

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