9.2.6

Emerging Powers - India

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India - Economic, Political and Military

India is the second-largest English speaking nation in the world and is the world's largest democracy.

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Economic characteristics

  • India is the second largest English-speaking nation in the world (after America) which means it has seen economic growth through the growth of its services sector.
  • Many global TNCs outsource their services in IT to India. BT has call centres in Bangalore.
  • India also has universities with global reputations that will allow it to continue being regarded as a well-educated nation.
  • India is expected to grow its economy by 7-8% up to 2020.
  • However, poverty is still high and sanitation is often poor, with many people not using toilets across India.
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Political characteristics

  • India is the world’s largest democracy and is politically stable.
  • It has over 800 million voters and its youthful population means that 2.7% of those were aged 18-19 years old.
  • It was a founding member of the UN and maintains a role in UN peacekeeping missions.
  • However, the 'caste system' treats Indians from different backgrounds differently, in a way that isn't too different to Apartheid in South Africa. People from lower castes have worse opportunities.
  • Narendra Modi became Prime Minister in 2014 with an agenda to reform India and modernise its economy.
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Military characteristics

  • Global Fire Power ranks India as the world’s 4th largest military power in terms of its weaponry.
  • India has nuclear weapons.

India - Cultural, Demographic and Environmental

India is the second-largest English speaking nation in the world and is the world's largest democracy.

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Cultural characteristics

  • India has global cultural influence as the birthplace of 4 world religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism).
  • There is still some disquiet between Hindus and Muslims in India. In 2012, 97 people died in religion-related riots.
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Demographic characteristics

-India has the world’s second largest population at 1.3 billion people.

  • The ability to speak English that has helped India to grow and attracted jobs from TNCs.
  • India's population doesn’t have the problems of other BRICs with an ageing population- the working population may exceed China’s by 2020.
  • It has a youthful population and a fertility rate that remains above replacement level at 2.4 children per women.
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Environmental characteristics

  • India is a very biodiverse country with 6% of the world’s plant and animals species.
  • But, similarly to other BRICs, India has severe problems with pollution.
  • It’s the world’s 3rd largest carbon emitter and has many problems with slums.

Jump to other topics

1Tectonic Processes & Hazards

2Option 2A: Glaciated Landscapes & Change

3Option 2B: Coastal Landscapes & Change

4Globalisation

5Option 4A: Regenerating Places

6Option 4B: Diverse Places

7The Water Cycle & Water Insecurity (A2 only)

8The Carbon Cycle & Energy Security (A2 only)

9Superpowers (A2 only)

10Option 8A: Health & Human Rights (A2 only)

11Option 8B: Migration & Identity (A2 only)

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