11.1.2

Trends in Migration

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Factors Affecting Government Responses to Migration

Differences in the level of political engagement with the global economy are a major reason for the different governmental approaches to migration (from Singapore welcoming it to the USA limiting it).

Illustrative background for The EUIllustrative background for The EU ?? "content

The EU

  • For a state or nation to become deeply integrated into multinational systems, some people say that liberal immigration rules are necessary.
  • For example, the freedom of movement of labour is a key component of the European Union.
Illustrative background for The WTOIllustrative background for The WTO ?? "content

The WTO

  • The WTO is a 'Bretton Woods institution' that attempts to reduce barriers to trade, like quotas and tariffs internationally.
  • Tariffs are effectively taxes on goods that are imported and exported.
  • It is hoped that removing tariffs will increase the flows of goods and services between countries, helping to boost economic growth.
  • The removal of trade barriers like this should enable TNCs and industries to sell their products to a larger market (more countries).
Illustrative background for TNCsIllustrative background for TNCs ?? "content

TNCs

  • Inward investment from TNCs may depend partly on how easily senior staff can be transferred to a particular nation.
  • In the USA it can be very difficult for foreign workers to get visas. This may discourage some TNC investment, although the USA has lots of other attractive features for TNCs like low tax rates and a large consumer market.
Illustrative background for National populationIllustrative background for National population ?? "content

National population

  • The national population has an important role to play because they elect governments.
  • Countries that have 'open-door' policies, which let lots of migrants enter the country, may alienate the electorate of the local people do not want more migration.
  • The UK has a net migration target (number of immigrants - the number of emigrants) of 100,000 people per year.
  • Viktor Orban, Prime Minister of Hungary won the Hungarian election whilst using very anti-migrant rhetoric.

Jump to other topics

1Tectonic Processes & Hazards

2Option 2A: Glaciated Landscapes & Change

3Option 2B: Coastal Landscapes & Change

4Globalisation

5Option 4A: Regenerating Places

6Option 4B: Diverse Places

7The Water Cycle & Water Insecurity (A2 only)

8The Carbon Cycle & Energy Security (A2 only)

9Superpowers (A2 only)

10Option 8A: Health & Human Rights (A2 only)

11Option 8B: Migration & Identity (A2 only)

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