8.3.2

Nutrition 2

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Nutrients

Some foods are a good source of particular nutrients.

Cereals

Cereals

  • Cereals are high in fibre and are good for the digestive system.
  • They help to prevent constipation and to reduce cholesterol (fatty substance).
Dairy products

Dairy products

  • Dairy products are an excellent source of calcium, which supports nerve and muscle function as well as teeth and bone growth.
  • Some dairy products (e.g. cheese) contain vitamin A, which is good for skin function and growth.
Liver

Liver

  • Liver is a great source of iron, which helps the immune system and contributes to the production of red blood cells (oxygen carrying cells).
Oily fish and eggs

Oily fish and eggs

  • Oily fish and eggs provide vitamin D, which is good for keeping bones healthy.
  • Nuts, eggs and fish also contain vitamin B, which helps with bodily functions.
Citrus fruit and broccoli

Citrus fruit and broccoli

  • Citrus fruit and broccoli are excellent for the immune system, skin elasticity (stretchiness) and blood vessel function.

Carbohydrates, Fats and Proteins

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are the foundation when trying to maintain a balanced diet. Vitamins and minerals also play an important role and should not be forgotten.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

  • Carbohydrates are the main source of glucose (sugar). They are the preferred energy source for the body.
  • Carbohydrates can be used in aerobic or anaerobic respiration.
  • Carbohydrates are found in 2 forms:
    • Simple carbohydrates (e.g. fruit, sweets and chocolate) provide a burst of energy for the body.
    • Complex carbohydrates (e.g. bread, pasta and rice) provide a slow release of energy that is useful for long distance events.
Fats

Fats

  • Fats are an energy source that provide twice the amount of energy that carbohydrates do and can only be used when exercising at a low intensity.
  • Fat comes in 2 forms: saturated and unsaturated.
  • An excessive intake could lead to health problems including:
    • Heart disease.
    • High levels of cholesterol.
    • Narrowing of the blood vessels (reduced blood flow).
Proteins

Proteins

  • Protein is needed in the body for the growth and repair of the body’s tissues.
  • Protein is found in meat, eggs, fish, nuts and cereal.
  • Strength-based athletes need large amounts of protein to develop muscle tissue to increase their power.
Vitamins and minerals

Vitamins and minerals

  • Vitamins and minerals are mostly found in fruit and vegetables.
  • They are needed to maintain healthy bodily function.
  • Some vitamins and minerals have specific uses.
    • E.g. calcium is good for bone growth and development.
Jump to other topics
1

Applied Anatomy & Physiology

1.1

The Musculoskeletal System

1.1.1Musculoskeletal Structure1.1.2Structure of the Skeleton1.1.3Functions of the Skeleton1.1.4Joints1.1.5Joints 21.1.6Antagonistic Muscle Movement1.1.7End of Topic Test - The Musculoskeletal System1.1.8Exam-Style Questions - Musculoskeletal System1.1.9Diagnostic Misconceptions - Contractions
1.2

The Cardio-Respiratory System

1.2.1Pathway of Air1.2.2Blood Vessels1.2.3Blood Vessels 21.2.4Structure of the Heart1.2.5Cardiac Cycle1.2.6Measures of Heart Performance1.2.7The Mechanics of Breathing1.2.8The Mechanics of Breathing 21.2.9The Lungs1.2.10End of Topic Test - The Cardio-Respiratory System1.2.11Exam-Style Questions - Cardio-Respiratory System1.2.12Diagnostic Misconceptions - Pathway of Blood1.2.13Diagnostic Misconceptions - Cardiac Output
1.3

Anaerobic & Aerobic Exercise

1.3.1Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration1.3.2Recovering After Exercise1.3.3Treatments for Recovery1.3.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aerobic vs Anaerobic
1.4

Short-Term Effects of Exercise

1.4.1Short-Term Effects of Exercise1.4.2Long-Term Effects of Exercise
2

Movement Analysis

2.1

Lever Systems

2.1.1Lever Systems2.1.2Mechanical Advantage2.1.3Basic Sporting Movements2.1.4Basic Sporting Movements 22.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Lever Systems
2.2

Planes & Axes of Movement

2.2.1Planes & Axes of Movement2.2.2End of Topic Test - Movement Analysis2.2.3Exam-Style Questions - Movement2.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Planes vs Axes
3

Physical Training

3.1

Health & Fitness

3.1.1Health & Fitness
3.2

The Components of Fitness

3.2.1The Components of Fitness3.2.2Sports & Fitness3.2.3Fitness Testing3.2.4Measuring Agility & Balance3.2.5Measuring Cardiovascular & Coordination3.2.6Measuring Endurance & Power3.2.7Measuring Reaction Time & Strength3.2.8Measuring Strength, Speed & Flexibility3.2.9End of Topic Test - The Components of Fitness3.2.10Exam-Style Questions - Fitness Tests
4

The Principles of Training

4.1

Principles of Training

4.1.1Principles & Circuit Training4.1.2Continuous & Fartlek Training4.1.3Plyometric & Static Training4.1.4Weight & Interval Training4.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Training
4.2

Optimising Training

4.2.1Optimising Training4.2.2Altitude & Seasonal Training4.2.3Warming Up4.2.4Cooling Down4.2.5End of Topic Test - Principles & Optimisation4.2.6Exam-Style Questions - Sport-Specific Fitness
5

Using Data

5.1

Types of Data

5.1.1Quantitative Data5.1.2Qualitative Data
5.2

Data Presentation & Analysis

5.2.1Data Presentation & Analysis
6

Sports Psychology

6.1

Skills

6.1.1Skills6.1.2Skills 26.1.3Goals & Targets6.1.4Skills HyperLearning
6.2

Feedback & Preparation

6.2.1Information Processing6.2.2Guidance6.2.3Guidance 26.2.4Feedback6.2.5Mental Preparation6.2.6Controlling & Optimising Arousal6.2.7Exam-Style Questions - Skills & Guidance
6.3

Personality & Behaviour

6.3.1Aggression6.3.2Motivation6.3.3Personality Types6.3.4End of Topic Test - Sports Psychology6.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Aggression & Motivation6.3.6Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aggression
7

Socio-cultural Influences

7.1

Engagement Patterns of Different Social Groups

7.1.1Engagement - Gender7.1.2Engagement - Ethnicity7.1.3Engagement - Age & Family7.1.4Engagement - Disability
7.2

Commercialisation

7.2.1Media7.2.2Commercialisation7.2.3Commercialisation 27.2.4Sponsorship7.2.5Arguments for Sponsorship7.2.6Impact of Sponsorship7.2.7End of Topic Test - Engagement & Commercialisation7.2.8Exam-Style Questions - Commercialisation & Conduct
7.3

Ethical & Socio-cultural Issues

7.3.1Impact of Technology on Performers7.3.2Impact of Technology on Performers 27.3.3Impact of Technology on Sport7.3.4Impact of Technology on Sport 27.3.5Sporting Conduct & Banned Substances7.3.6Blood Doping7.3.7Drug Restrictions7.3.8Drug Restrictions 27.3.9Spectator Behaviour7.3.10End of Topic Test - Ethical Issues7.3.11Exam-Style Questions - Performance Enhancing Drugs7.3.12Diagnostic Misconceptions - Conduct in Sport
8

Health & Fitness

8.1

Overview of Health

8.1.1Well-Being & Fitness8.1.2Types of Health
8.2

Sedentary Lifestyles

8.2.1Sedentary Lifestyle8.2.2Obesity & Performance8.2.3Somatotypes8.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Somatypes
8.3

Nutrition & Hydration

8.3.1Nutrition8.3.2Nutrition 28.3.3Hydration8.3.4End of Topic Test - Health & Fitness8.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Nutrition & Hydration

Practice questions on Nutrition 2

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  1. 1
    Which of the following food sources is high in fibre and good for the digestive system?Multiple choice
  2. 2
    Benefits of calciumFill in the list
  3. 3
    Which nutrient is the main source of glucose for the body?Multiple choice
  4. 4
    What nutrient are meat, eggs, fish and nuts all packed with?Multiple choice
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Nutrition

Hydration