1.3.1

Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration

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Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration

Aerobic respiration is respiration in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic respiration is respiration in the absence of oxygen.

Aerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration

In aerobic respiration, oxygen combines with glucose to produce energy in the mitochondria of the cells. The word equation for this process is:
- Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
Aerobic respiration is ideal for endurance events because it has a moderate intensity that can be sustained over a period of time.

Anaerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration

In anaerobic respiration, glucose is converted directly into energy. The word equation for this process is:
- Glucose → lactic acid (+ energy).
However, this can only be sustained for a short period of time because of the build-up of toxic lactic acid and a limited supply of glucose.

Differences

The main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is how intense they are.

Aerobic

Aerobic

We need to inhale oxygen during aerobic respiration. This makes the respiration process longer and easier to keep up (moderate intensity).

Anaerobic

Anaerobic

Anaerobic respiration is always accessible for converting glucose directly to energy. This makes it explosive (high intensity). However, this is not sustainable (easy to keep up).

1

Applied Anatomy & Physiology

1.1

The Musculoskeletal System

1.1.1Musculoskeletal Structure 1.1.2Structure of the Skeleton 1.1.3Functions of the Skeleton 1.1.4Joints 1.1.5Joints 2 1.1.6Antagonistic Muscle Movement 1.1.7End of Topic Test - The Musculoskeletal System 1.1.8Exam-Style Questions - Musculoskeletal System 1.1.9Diagnostic Misconceptions - Contractions

1.2

The Cardio-Respiratory System

1.2.1Pathway of Air 1.2.2Blood Vessels 1.2.3Blood Vessels 2 1.2.4Structure of the Heart 1.2.5Cardiac Cycle 1.2.6Measures of Heart Performance 1.2.7The Mechanics of Breathing 1.2.8The Mechanics of Breathing 2 1.2.9The Lungs 1.2.10End of Topic Test - The Cardio-Respiratory System 1.2.11Exam-Style Questions - Cardio-Respiratory System 1.2.12Diagnostic Misconceptions - Pathway of Blood 1.2.13Diagnostic Misconceptions - Cardiac Output

1.3

Anaerobic & Aerobic Exercise

1.3.1Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration 1.3.2Recovering After Exercise 1.3.3Treatments for Recovery 1.3.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aerobic vs Anaerobic

1.4

Short-Term Effects of Exercise

1.4.1Short-Term Effects of Exercise 1.4.2Long-Term Effects of Exercise

2

Movement Analysis

2.1

Lever Systems

2.1.1Lever Systems 2.1.2Mechanical Advantage 2.1.3Basic Sporting Movements 2.1.4Basic Sporting Movements 2 2.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Lever Systems

2.2

Planes & Axes of Movement

2.2.1Planes & Axes of Movement 2.2.2End of Topic Test - Movement Analysis 2.2.3Exam-Style Questions - Movement 2.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Planes vs Axes

3

Physical Training

3.1

Health & Fitness

3.1.1Health & Fitness

3.2

The Components of Fitness

3.2.1The Components of Fitness 3.2.2Sports & Fitness 3.2.3Fitness Testing 3.2.4Measuring Agility & Balance 3.2.5Measuring Cardiovascular & Coordination 3.2.6Measuring Endurance & Power 3.2.7Measuring Reaction Time & Strength 3.2.8Measuring Strength, Speed & Flexibility 3.2.9End of Topic Test - The Components of Fitness 3.2.10Exam-Style Questions - Fitness Tests

4

The Principles of Training

4.1

Principles of Training

4.1.1Principles & Circuit Training 4.1.2Continuous & Fartlek Training 4.1.3Plyometric & Static Training 4.1.4Weight & Interval Training 4.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Training

4.2

Optimising Training

4.2.1Optimising Training 4.2.2Altitude & Seasonal Training 4.2.3Warming Up 4.2.4Cooling Down 4.2.5End of Topic Test - Principles & Optimisation 4.2.6Exam-Style Questions - Sport-Specific Fitness

5

Using Data

5.1

Types of Data

5.1.1Quantitative Data 5.1.2Qualitative Data

5.2

Data Presentation & Analysis

5.2.1Data Presentation & Analysis

6

Sports Psychology

6.1

Skills

6.1.1Skills 6.1.2Skills 2 6.1.3Goals & Targets 6.1.4Skills HyperLearning

6.2

Feedback & Preparation

6.2.1Information Processing 6.2.2Guidance 6.2.3Guidance 2 6.2.4Feedback 6.2.5Mental Preparation 6.2.6Controlling & Optimising Arousal 6.2.7Exam-Style Questions - Skills & Guidance

6.3

Personality & Behaviour

6.3.1Aggression 6.3.2Motivation 6.3.3Personality Types 6.3.4End of Topic Test - Sports Psychology 6.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Aggression & Motivation 6.3.6Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aggression

7

Socio-cultural Influences

7.1

Engagement Patterns of Different Social Groups

7.1.1Engagement - Gender 7.1.2Engagement - Ethnicity 7.1.3Engagement - Age & Family 7.1.4Engagement - Disability

7.2

Commercialisation

7.2.1Media 7.2.2Commercialisation 7.2.3Commercialisation 2 7.2.4Sponsorship 7.2.5Arguments for Sponsorship 7.2.6Impact of Sponsorship 7.2.7End of Topic Test - Engagement & Commercialisation 7.2.8Exam-Style Questions - Commercialisation & Conduct

7.3

Ethical & Socio-cultural Issues

7.3.1Impact of Technology on Performers 7.3.2Impact of Technology on Performers 2 7.3.3Impact of Technology on Sport 7.3.4Impact of Technology on Sport 2 7.3.5Sporting Conduct & Banned Substances 7.3.6Blood Doping 7.3.7Drug Restrictions 7.3.8Drug Restrictions 2 7.3.9Spectator Behaviour 7.3.10End of Topic Test - Ethical Issues 7.3.11Exam-Style Questions - Performance Enhancing Drugs 7.3.12Diagnostic Misconceptions - Conduct in Sport

8

Health & Fitness

8.1

Overview of Health

8.1.1Well-Being & Fitness 8.1.2Types of Health

8.2

Sedentary Lifestyles

8.2.1Sedentary Lifestyle 8.2.2Obesity & Performance 8.2.3Somatotypes 8.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Somatypes

8.3

Nutrition & Hydration

8.3.1Nutrition 8.3.2Nutrition 2 8.3.3Hydration 8.3.4End of Topic Test - Health & Fitness 8.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Nutrition & Hydration

Jump to other topics

1

Applied Anatomy & Physiology

1.1

The Musculoskeletal System

1.1.1Musculoskeletal Structure 1.1.2Structure of the Skeleton 1.1.3Functions of the Skeleton 1.1.4Joints 1.1.5Joints 2 1.1.6Antagonistic Muscle Movement 1.1.7End of Topic Test - The Musculoskeletal System 1.1.8Exam-Style Questions - Musculoskeletal System 1.1.9Diagnostic Misconceptions - Contractions

1.2

The Cardio-Respiratory System

1.2.1Pathway of Air 1.2.2Blood Vessels 1.2.3Blood Vessels 2 1.2.4Structure of the Heart 1.2.5Cardiac Cycle 1.2.6Measures of Heart Performance 1.2.7The Mechanics of Breathing 1.2.8The Mechanics of Breathing 2 1.2.9The Lungs 1.2.10End of Topic Test - The Cardio-Respiratory System 1.2.11Exam-Style Questions - Cardio-Respiratory System 1.2.12Diagnostic Misconceptions - Pathway of Blood 1.2.13Diagnostic Misconceptions - Cardiac Output

1.3

Anaerobic & Aerobic Exercise

1.3.1Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration 1.3.2Recovering After Exercise 1.3.3Treatments for Recovery 1.3.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aerobic vs Anaerobic

1.4

Short-Term Effects of Exercise

1.4.1Short-Term Effects of Exercise 1.4.2Long-Term Effects of Exercise

2

Movement Analysis

2.1

Lever Systems

2.1.1Lever Systems 2.1.2Mechanical Advantage 2.1.3Basic Sporting Movements 2.1.4Basic Sporting Movements 2 2.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Lever Systems

2.2

Planes & Axes of Movement

2.2.1Planes & Axes of Movement 2.2.2End of Topic Test - Movement Analysis 2.2.3Exam-Style Questions - Movement 2.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Planes vs Axes

3

Physical Training

3.1

Health & Fitness

3.1.1Health & Fitness

3.2

The Components of Fitness

3.2.1The Components of Fitness 3.2.2Sports & Fitness 3.2.3Fitness Testing 3.2.4Measuring Agility & Balance 3.2.5Measuring Cardiovascular & Coordination 3.2.6Measuring Endurance & Power 3.2.7Measuring Reaction Time & Strength 3.2.8Measuring Strength, Speed & Flexibility 3.2.9End of Topic Test - The Components of Fitness 3.2.10Exam-Style Questions - Fitness Tests

4

The Principles of Training

4.1

Principles of Training

4.1.1Principles & Circuit Training 4.1.2Continuous & Fartlek Training 4.1.3Plyometric & Static Training 4.1.4Weight & Interval Training 4.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Training

4.2

Optimising Training

4.2.1Optimising Training 4.2.2Altitude & Seasonal Training 4.2.3Warming Up 4.2.4Cooling Down 4.2.5End of Topic Test - Principles & Optimisation 4.2.6Exam-Style Questions - Sport-Specific Fitness

5

Using Data

5.1

Types of Data

5.1.1Quantitative Data 5.1.2Qualitative Data

5.2

Data Presentation & Analysis

5.2.1Data Presentation & Analysis

6

Sports Psychology

6.1

Skills

6.1.1Skills 6.1.2Skills 2 6.1.3Goals & Targets 6.1.4Skills HyperLearning

6.2

Feedback & Preparation

6.2.1Information Processing 6.2.2Guidance 6.2.3Guidance 2 6.2.4Feedback 6.2.5Mental Preparation 6.2.6Controlling & Optimising Arousal 6.2.7Exam-Style Questions - Skills & Guidance

6.3

Personality & Behaviour

6.3.1Aggression 6.3.2Motivation 6.3.3Personality Types 6.3.4End of Topic Test - Sports Psychology 6.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Aggression & Motivation 6.3.6Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aggression

7

Socio-cultural Influences

7.1

Engagement Patterns of Different Social Groups

7.1.1Engagement - Gender 7.1.2Engagement - Ethnicity 7.1.3Engagement - Age & Family 7.1.4Engagement - Disability

7.2

Commercialisation

7.2.1Media 7.2.2Commercialisation 7.2.3Commercialisation 2 7.2.4Sponsorship 7.2.5Arguments for Sponsorship 7.2.6Impact of Sponsorship 7.2.7End of Topic Test - Engagement & Commercialisation 7.2.8Exam-Style Questions - Commercialisation & Conduct

7.3

Ethical & Socio-cultural Issues

7.3.1Impact of Technology on Performers 7.3.2Impact of Technology on Performers 2 7.3.3Impact of Technology on Sport 7.3.4Impact of Technology on Sport 2 7.3.5Sporting Conduct & Banned Substances 7.3.6Blood Doping 7.3.7Drug Restrictions 7.3.8Drug Restrictions 2 7.3.9Spectator Behaviour 7.3.10End of Topic Test - Ethical Issues 7.3.11Exam-Style Questions - Performance Enhancing Drugs 7.3.12Diagnostic Misconceptions - Conduct in Sport

8

Health & Fitness

8.1

Overview of Health

8.1.1Well-Being & Fitness 8.1.2Types of Health

8.2

Sedentary Lifestyles

8.2.1Sedentary Lifestyle 8.2.2Obesity & Performance 8.2.3Somatotypes 8.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Somatypes

8.3

Nutrition & Hydration

8.3.1Nutrition 8.3.2Nutrition 2 8.3.3Hydration 8.3.4End of Topic Test - Health & Fitness 8.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Nutrition & Hydration

Practice questions on Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration

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1
Where does aerobic respiration happen in the cells?Multiple choice
2
Which type of respiration is more intense?Multiple choice
3
Characteristics of anaerobic respirationTrue / false

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Diagnostic Misconceptions - Cardiac Output

Recovering After Exercise