Sports & Fitness

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Examples of Fitness in Sports

Different sports will require different parts of fitness, and in most cases, a combination of fitness components.

Agility

Agility is a combination of coordination, speed and reaction time. It can be applied to most sporting scenarios (situations), except for events where a performer does not change direction (e.g. 100m sprint).
An example of when agility is used in sport would be in football when a player needs to change direction quickly to dribble around an opponent.

Balance

There are two types of balance seen in sport: static and dynamic.
Static balance can be seen in gymnastics when a gymnast does a handstand and holds the position.
Dynamic balance can be seen when a performer skis or snowboards downhill. The performers try to stay upright as they move through the course.

Cardiovascular endurance

Cardiovascular endurance is important for long-distance runners, team sports and other endurance events.

Co-ordination

This includes hitting a cricket ball with a bat (hand-eye coordination), kicking a football (foot-eye coordination) and coordinating your arms and legs to dribble a basketball (arms-legs coordination).

Flexibility

Flexibility is needed in different amounts depending on the demands of the sport.
- E.g. a gymnast needs a very good range of flexibility to perform routines involving the splits.

Examples of Fitness in Sports - Part two

Different sports will require different parts of fitness, and in most cases, a combination of fitness components.

Muscular endurance / dynamic strength

Middle distance runners, rowers or swimmers need this. This is because they need muscular actions that are repeated over and over again.

Power / explosive strength

This can be used in explosive (quick burst) actions such as shooting or passing in football, smashing or spiking a volleyball, throwing a discus with power or punching in boxing. In all of these examples, explosive (quick burst) action is needed to create power.

Reaction time

The best example of reaction time is the time taken from the sound of the gun that starts the 100m sprint to a performer starting to move.

Speed

An example of speed is shown in the 100m race. This is the time it takes to cover the 100m.

Strength

Maximal strength: an example of this in sport would be one single punch in boxing.
Static strength: this is shown during a scrum in rugby when both teams are pushing against each other and applying the same force (not moving).

1Applied Anatomy & Physiology

1.1The Musculoskeletal System

1.1.1Musculoskeletal Structure

1.1.2Structure of the Skeleton

1.1.3Functions of the Skeleton

1.1.4Joints

1.1.5Joints 2

1.1.6Antagonistic Muscle Movement

1.1.7End of Topic Test - The Musculoskeletal System

1.1.8Exam-Style Questions - Musculoskeletal System

1.2The Cardio-Respiratory System

1.2.1Pathway of Air

1.2.2Blood Vessels

1.2.3Blood Vessels 2

1.2.4Structure of the Heart

1.2.5Cardiac Cycle

1.2.6Measures of Heart Performance

1.2.7The Mechanics of Breathing

1.2.8The Mechanics of Breathing 2

1.2.9The Lungs

1.2.10End of Topic Test - The Cardio-Respiratory System

1.2.11Exam-Style Questions - Cardio-Respiratory System

1.3Anaerobic & Aerobic Exercise

1.3.1Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration

1.3.2Recovering After Exercise

1.3.3Treatments for Recovery

1.4Short-Term Effects of Exercise

1.4.1Short-Term Effects of Exercise

1.4.2Long-Term Effects of Exercise

2Movement Analysis

2.1Lever Systems

2.1.1Lever Systems

2.1.2Mechanical Advantage

2.1.3Basic Sporting Movements

2.1.4Basic Sporting Movements 2

2.2Planes & Axes of Movement

2.2.1Planes & Axes of Movement

2.2.2End of Topic Test - Movement Analysis

2.2.3Exam-Style Questions - Movement

3Physical Training

3.1Health & Fitness

3.1.1Health & Fitness

3.2The Components of Fitness

3.2.1The Components of Fitness

3.2.2Sports & Fitness

3.2.3Fitness Testing

3.2.4Measuring Agility & Balance

3.2.5Measuring Cardiovascular & Coordination

3.2.6Measuring Endurance & Power

3.2.7Measuring Reaction Time & Strength

3.2.8Measuring Strength, Speed & Flexibility

3.2.9End of Topic Test - The Components of Fitness

3.2.10Exam-Style Questions - Fitness Tests

4The Principles of Training

4.1Principles of Training

4.1.1Principles & Circuit Training

4.1.2Continuous & Fartlek Training

4.1.3Plyometric & Static Training

4.1.4Weight & Interval Training

4.2Optimising Training

4.2.1Optimising Training

4.2.2Altitude & Seasonal Training

4.2.3Warming Up

4.2.4Cooling Down

4.2.5End of Topic Test - Principles & Optimisation

4.2.6Exam-Style Questions - Sport-Specific Fitness

5Using Data

5.1Types of Data

5.1.1Quantitative Data

5.1.2Qualitative Data

5.2Data Presentation & Analysis

5.2.1Data Presentation & Analysis

6Sports Psychology

6.1Skills

6.1.1Skills

6.1.2Skills 2

6.1.3Goals & Targets

6.1.4Skills HyperLearning

6.2Feedback & Preparation

6.2.1Information Processing

6.2.2Guidance

6.2.3Guidance 2

6.2.4Feedback

6.2.5Mental Preparation

6.2.6Controlling & Optimising Arousal

6.2.7Exam-Style Questions - Skills & Guidance

6.3Personality & Behaviour

6.3.1Aggression

6.3.2Motivation

6.3.3Personality Types

6.3.4End of Topic Test - Sports Psychology

6.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Aggression & Motivation

7Socio-cultural Influences

8Health & Fitness

8.1Overview of Health

8.1.1Well-Being & Fitness

8.1.2Types of Health

8.2Sedentary Lifestyles

8.2.1Sedentary Lifestyle

8.2.2Obesity & Performance

8.2.3Somatotypes

8.3Nutrition & Hydration

8.3.1Nutrition

8.3.2Nutrition 2

8.3.3Hydration

8.3.4End of Topic Test - Health & Fitness

8.3.5Exam-Style Questions - Nutrition & Hydration

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