2.3.1

Advertising & Marketing

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Advertising and Marketing

Although advertising and marketing are connected, it is important to define the differences between the two business practices.

Marketing

Marketing

Marketing refers to the range of methods used by corporations or organisations to understand consumers and keep them interested in the product or service on offer.
- This includes market research, planning, merchandising and advertising.

Advertising

Advertising

Advertising is the selling of goods or services through a variety of different mediums and using a variety of different techniques.

Examples of advertising mediums

Examples of advertising mediums

Examples of mediums include:
- Print: newspapers, posters, billboards
- TV adverts
- Radio advertising
- Online advertising: social media, email, blogs

Examples of advertising techniques

Examples of advertising techniques

Examples of techniques include:
- Humour
- Use of celebrities or model
- Comparison with other brands
- Use of facts and statistics
- Shock
- Use of music
- Use of images

Media Industries

Many companies use 360 degree advertising techniques which combine using traditional and viral marketing methods across all platforms to maximise exposure.

Purpose

Purpose

Advertisements tend to be created for either commercial or non-commercial purposes.
- Commercial adverts are focused on trying to sell you a product or brand.
- Non-commercial advertisements may include things such as charity adverts and health and safety related campaigns.
Advertisers often try and create a Unique Selling Point (USP) in relation to their product or service.

Genre

Genre

Aside from the actual form the advert takes (TV, print, online) advertisements can be grouped into genres in a number of different ways including:
- By product type - e.g junk food adverts, charity adverts, perfume adverts, pet food adverts.
- By technique - e.g funny adverts, shocking adverts, sexy adverts.
- By visual style - e.g. surreal adverts, cinematic adverts, animated adverts.
- By season or time period - e.g Christmas adverts.

Narrative

Narrative

Binary oppositions (Levi-Strauss) are often present in adverts for specific impact and to generate specific connotations.
- E.g. old vs new.
You may be able to identify some of Propp’s characters such as the princess, hero or helper in adverts.
Some adverts may establish enigma codes (Barthes) about the product or the characters featured in the advert.

1

Overview

1.1

Media Language

1.1.1Media Language 1.1.2Media Language 2

1.2

Audience

1.2.1Audiences 1.2.2Audiences 2 1.2.3End of Topic Test - Media Language & Audience

1.3

Representation

1.3.1Stereotypes 1.3.2Gender 1.3.3Audiences

1.4

The Media Industry

1.4.1Media Industries 1.4.2Ownership 1.4.3Funding & Regulation 1.4.4End of Topic Test - Representation/Media Industry

2

Component 1: Section A

2.1

Magazines - Vogue

2.1.1Magazines 2.1.2Vogue - Context 2.1.3Vogue - Narrative 2.1.4Vogue - Representation

2.2

Magazines - GQ

2.2.1GQ - Context 2.2.2GQ - Narrative 2.2.3GQ - Representation

2.3

Advertising & Marketing

2.3.1Advertising & Marketing 2.3.2Analysing Adverts 2.3.3Analysing Adverts 2 2.3.4Theories & Principles 2.3.5End of Topic Test - Magazines & Advertising

2.4

Print Advertisements - Quality Street

2.4.1Quality Street - Context 2.4.2Quality Street - Narrative 2.4.3Quality Street - Representation

2.5

Print Advertisements - (2026 Exams) This Girl Can

2.5.1This Girl Can - Context 2.5.2This Girl Can - Narrative 2.5.3This Girl Can - Representation

2.6

Print Advertisements - (2027 Exams) NHS 111

2.6.1NHS 111 - Context 2.6.2NHS 111 - Narrative 2.6.3NHS 111 - Representation

2.7

Film Posters (Marketing)

2.7.1The Man with The Golden Gun 2.7.2The Man with The Golden Gun 2

2.8

Film - No Time To Die

2.8.1Context 2.8.2Narrative 2.8.3Representation

2.9

Newspapers

2.9.1Ownership & Regulation 2.9.2News Selection 2.9.3Media Language 2.9.4Genres 2.9.5Newspaper Conventions 2.9.6Representation 2.9.7Audience 2.9.8Theories 2.9.9End of Topic Test - Newspapers

2.10

The Sun

2.10.1Context 2.10.2Narrative 2.10.3Language & Images

2.11

The Guardian

2.11.1The Guardian 2.11.2Narrative 2.11.3Language & Images

2.12

(2028 Exams) The Sun

2.12.1The Sun - Context 2.12.2The Sun - Narrative 2.12.3The Sun - Representation

2.13

(2028 Exams) The Guardian

2.13.1The Guardian - Context 2.13.2The Guardian - Narrative 2.13.3The Guardian - Representation

3

Component 1: Section B

3.1

Video Games

3.1.1Video Games

3.2

Video Games - Fortnite

3.2.1Fortnite (2017) - Media Industries 3.2.2Fornite (2017) - Audience

3.3

Film

3.3.1The Big Six 3.3.2Technology 3.3.3End of Topic Test - Video Games & Films

3.4

Radio

3.4.1The Radio Industry 3.4.2Categories of Radio Station 3.4.3Technology & Radio Audiences 3.4.4Theories 3.4.5End of Topic Test - Radio

3.5

Radio - The Archers

3.5.1Production 3.5.2Media Industries 3.5.3Media Contexts 3.5.4Audiences 1 3.5.5Audiences 2

3.6

(2027 Exams) Radio - Desert Island Discs

3.6.1Media Industries 3.6.2Audiences 3.6.3Media Contexts

4

Component 2: Section A

4.1

Television

4.1.1The Television Industry 4.1.2Types of Broadcasting 4.1.3Media Language & TV 4.1.4Representation & Audiences 4.1.5Theories

4.2

Sitcom

4.2.1Sitcoms 4.2.2Friends 4.2.3Friends 2 4.2.4End of Topic Test - Sitcoms & Friends

4.3

Sitcom - Modern Family

4.3.1Media Language 4.3.2Representation 4.3.3Media Industries 4.3.4Audiences 4.3.5Media Contexts

4.4

Sitcom - Man Like Mobeen

4.4.1Media Language 4.4.2Representations 4.4.3Media Industries

4.5

(2026 Exams) Luther

4.5.1Context 4.5.2Media Language 4.5.3Representation 4.5.4Audience 4.5.5Industry

4.6

The Sweeney

4.6.1Context 4.6.2Media Language 4.6.3Representation 4.6.4Audience 4.6.5Industry

5

Component 2: Section B

5.1

Music Video

5.1.1Music Videos 5.1.2The Music Industry

5.2

Lizzo - 'Good as Hell'

5.2.1Context 5.2.2'Good as Hell'5.2.3Media Language 5.2.4Representation 5.2.5Audience 5.2.6Industry

5.3

Taylor Swift - 'The Man'

5.3.1Taylor Swift 5.3.2Media Language 5.3.3Representation 5.3.4Audiences 5.3.5Media Industries 5.3.6Media Contexts

5.4

Stormzy - 'Superheroes'

5.4.1Stormzy 5.4.2Media Language 5.4.3Representation 5.4.4Audiences 5.4.5Media Industries 5.4.6Media Contexts

5.5

Justin Bieber - 'Intentions'

5.5.1Justin Bieber 5.5.2Media Language 5.5.3Representation 5.5.4Audiences 5.5.5Media Industries 5.5.6Media Contexts

5.6

TLC - 'Waterfalls'

5.6.1TLC 5.6.2Media Language 5.6.3Representation 5.6.4Media Contexts

5.7

Duran Duran - 'Rio'

5.7.1Duran Duran 5.7.2Media Language 5.7.3Representation 5.7.4Media Contexts

5.8

Online Media - Lizzo

5.8.1Media Language 5.8.2Representation 5.8.3Audiences 5.8.4Media Contexts & Industries

5.9

Online Media - Taylor Swift

5.9.1Media Language 5.9.2Representation 5.9.3Audiences 5.9.4Media Contexts & Industries

5.10

Online Media - Stormzy

5.10.1Media Language 5.10.2Representation 5.10.3Audience 5.10.4Media Context & Industries

Jump to other topics

1

Overview

1.1

Media Language

1.1.1Media Language 1.1.2Media Language 2

1.2

Audience

1.2.1Audiences 1.2.2Audiences 2 1.2.3End of Topic Test - Media Language & Audience

1.3

Representation

1.3.1Stereotypes 1.3.2Gender 1.3.3Audiences

1.4

The Media Industry

1.4.1Media Industries 1.4.2Ownership 1.4.3Funding & Regulation 1.4.4End of Topic Test - Representation/Media Industry

2

Component 1: Section A

2.1

Magazines - Vogue

2.1.1Magazines 2.1.2Vogue - Context 2.1.3Vogue - Narrative 2.1.4Vogue - Representation

2.2

Magazines - GQ

2.2.1GQ - Context 2.2.2GQ - Narrative 2.2.3GQ - Representation

2.3

Advertising & Marketing

2.3.1Advertising & Marketing 2.3.2Analysing Adverts 2.3.3Analysing Adverts 2 2.3.4Theories & Principles 2.3.5End of Topic Test - Magazines & Advertising

2.4

Print Advertisements - Quality Street

2.4.1Quality Street - Context 2.4.2Quality Street - Narrative 2.4.3Quality Street - Representation

2.5

Print Advertisements - (2026 Exams) This Girl Can

2.5.1This Girl Can - Context 2.5.2This Girl Can - Narrative 2.5.3This Girl Can - Representation

2.6

Print Advertisements - (2027 Exams) NHS 111

2.6.1NHS 111 - Context 2.6.2NHS 111 - Narrative 2.6.3NHS 111 - Representation

2.7

Film Posters (Marketing)

2.7.1The Man with The Golden Gun 2.7.2The Man with The Golden Gun 2

2.8

Film - No Time To Die

2.8.1Context 2.8.2Narrative 2.8.3Representation

2.9

Newspapers

2.9.1Ownership & Regulation 2.9.2News Selection 2.9.3Media Language 2.9.4Genres 2.9.5Newspaper Conventions 2.9.6Representation 2.9.7Audience 2.9.8Theories 2.9.9End of Topic Test - Newspapers

2.10

The Sun

2.10.1Context 2.10.2Narrative 2.10.3Language & Images

2.11

The Guardian

2.11.1The Guardian 2.11.2Narrative 2.11.3Language & Images

2.12

(2028 Exams) The Sun

2.12.1The Sun - Context 2.12.2The Sun - Narrative 2.12.3The Sun - Representation

2.13

(2028 Exams) The Guardian

2.13.1The Guardian - Context 2.13.2The Guardian - Narrative 2.13.3The Guardian - Representation

3

Component 1: Section B

3.1

Video Games

3.1.1Video Games

3.2

Video Games - Fortnite

3.2.1Fortnite (2017) - Media Industries 3.2.2Fornite (2017) - Audience

3.3

Film

3.3.1The Big Six 3.3.2Technology 3.3.3End of Topic Test - Video Games & Films

3.4

Radio

3.4.1The Radio Industry 3.4.2Categories of Radio Station 3.4.3Technology & Radio Audiences 3.4.4Theories 3.4.5End of Topic Test - Radio

3.5

Radio - The Archers

3.5.1Production 3.5.2Media Industries 3.5.3Media Contexts 3.5.4Audiences 1 3.5.5Audiences 2

3.6

(2027 Exams) Radio - Desert Island Discs

3.6.1Media Industries 3.6.2Audiences 3.6.3Media Contexts

4

Component 2: Section A

4.1

Television

4.1.1The Television Industry 4.1.2Types of Broadcasting 4.1.3Media Language & TV 4.1.4Representation & Audiences 4.1.5Theories

4.2

Sitcom

4.2.1Sitcoms 4.2.2Friends 4.2.3Friends 2 4.2.4End of Topic Test - Sitcoms & Friends

4.3

Sitcom - Modern Family

4.3.1Media Language 4.3.2Representation 4.3.3Media Industries 4.3.4Audiences 4.3.5Media Contexts

4.4

Sitcom - Man Like Mobeen

4.4.1Media Language 4.4.2Representations 4.4.3Media Industries

4.5

(2026 Exams) Luther

4.5.1Context 4.5.2Media Language 4.5.3Representation 4.5.4Audience 4.5.5Industry

4.6

The Sweeney

4.6.1Context 4.6.2Media Language 4.6.3Representation 4.6.4Audience 4.6.5Industry

5

Component 2: Section B

5.1

Music Video

5.1.1Music Videos 5.1.2The Music Industry

5.2

Lizzo - 'Good as Hell'

5.2.1Context 5.2.2'Good as Hell'5.2.3Media Language 5.2.4Representation 5.2.5Audience 5.2.6Industry

5.3

Taylor Swift - 'The Man'

5.3.1Taylor Swift 5.3.2Media Language 5.3.3Representation 5.3.4Audiences 5.3.5Media Industries 5.3.6Media Contexts

5.4

Stormzy - 'Superheroes'

5.4.1Stormzy 5.4.2Media Language 5.4.3Representation 5.4.4Audiences 5.4.5Media Industries 5.4.6Media Contexts

5.5

Justin Bieber - 'Intentions'

5.5.1Justin Bieber 5.5.2Media Language 5.5.3Representation 5.5.4Audiences 5.5.5Media Industries 5.5.6Media Contexts

5.6

TLC - 'Waterfalls'

5.6.1TLC 5.6.2Media Language 5.6.3Representation 5.6.4Media Contexts

5.7

Duran Duran - 'Rio'

5.7.1Duran Duran 5.7.2Media Language 5.7.3Representation 5.7.4Media Contexts

5.8

Online Media - Lizzo

5.8.1Media Language 5.8.2Representation 5.8.3Audiences 5.8.4Media Contexts & Industries

5.9

Online Media - Taylor Swift

5.9.1Media Language 5.9.2Representation 5.9.3Audiences 5.9.4Media Contexts & Industries

5.10

Online Media - Stormzy

5.10.1Media Language 5.10.2Representation 5.10.3Audience 5.10.4Media Context & Industries

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1
Examples of advertising mediums:Fill in the list
2
Examples of advertising techniques:Fill in the list

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GQ - Representation

Analysing Adverts