14.1.14

(2027 Exams) Psychological Explanations: Studies

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Herman and Mack (1975)

Herman and Mack (1975) investigated disinhibition in restrained eaters (dieters). The study supports restraint theory as a psychological explanation for obesity.

Procedure

Procedure

  • Laboratory experiment.
  • Two groups of participants who were either restricted eaters (dieters), or non-restricted eaters, were invited to take part in a study they were told was to test the impact of milkshake on perception of ice-cream flavours.
  • Participants were given either zero, one or two strawberry milkshakes (pre-load) and then 3 flavours of ice cream to taste. They could eat as much as they wanted.
Results & conclusions

Results & conclusions

  • Results
    • The restrained eaters who had pre-loaded with milkshakes ate much more ice cream than the non-restrained dieters. It seemed once they had violated their diets they gave up on any self-restraint.
  • Conclusion
    • The finding that restrained eaters eat more after violating a diet is termed the disinhibition effect.
Evaluation

Evaluation

  • Strengths
    • Controlled and reliable.
    • Practical applications.
  • Limitations
    • Ethics- deception.
    • Individual differences.
    • Social and cultural variations.
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1

Social Influence

2

Memory

3

Attachment

4

(2026 Exams) Psychopathology

5

(2027 Exams) Clinical Psychology & Mental Health

6

Approaches in Psychology

7

Biopsychology

8

Research Methods

8.1

Research Methods

8.2

Scientific Processes

8.3

Data Handling & Analysis

8.4

Inferential Testing

9

Issues & Debates in Psychology (A2 only)

10

Option 1: Relationships (A2 only)

10.1

Relationships: Sexual Relationships (A2 only)

10.2

Relationships: Romantic Relationships (A2 only)

10.3

(2026 Exams) Relationships: Virtual (A2 only)

10.4

(2027 Exams) Relationships: Online (A2 only)

11

Option 1: Gender (A2 only)

12

Option 1: Cognition & Development (A2 only)

13

Option 2: Schizophrenia (A2 only)

14

Option 2: Eating Behaviour (A2 only)

15

Option 2: Stress (A2 only)

16

Option 3: Aggression (A2 only)

17

Option 3: Forensic Psychology (A2 only)

18

Option 3: Addiction (A2 only)

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