10.1.7

Matching Hypothesis Studies

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Walster et al (1966) — Computer Dance Study

Walster et al (1966) aimed to test a theory first suggested by Erving Goffman called the "matching hypothesis”.

Research method

Research method

  • Walster et al (1966) randomly paired 752 1st year Minnesota students into “blind-date” couples for a university dance.
  • Each of the 752 students in Walster’s study completed questionnaires measuring their various qualities e.g. social skills, intelligence and so on.
  • Their physical attractiveness was assessed on entry to the dance. The prediction of the researchers was that participants would like their randomly allocated partners more if they were well matched according to their questionnaires.
Results/conclusions

Results/conclusions

  • To the surprise of the researchers, the matching hypothesis was not supported.
  • The only factor that the participants were interested in was physical attractiveness.
Evaluation of **Walster et al (1966)**

Evaluation of Walster et al (1966)

  • Strengths
    • Easy to replicate.
    • Standardised study.
  • Limitations
  • Temporal validity – in the 1960s, stereotypical gender roles were very different. Women would have been less likely to ask men out.
    • Ethics.
    • Participants had already been on a date, so did not need to fear rejection.

Murstein (1972) – Matching Hypothesis

Murstein (1972) investigated whether or not married couples choose a partner with a similar level of attractiveness to themselves.

Research method

Research method

  • Naïve participants were asked to rate individual photographs of married couples for attractiveness.
Results & conclusion

Results & conclusion

  • Results
    • A positive correlation of attractiveness ratings was discovered between the photographs of the married men and women.
  • Conclusion
    • This provides evidence to support the matching hypothesis theory - that people choose a partner with a similar level of attractiveness to themselves.
Evaluation of **Murstein (1972)**

Evaluation of Murstein (1972)

  • Strengths
    • Easy to replicate.
    • Ethical.
  • Limitations
    • Validity of ratings.
    • Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
    • Did not look at homosexual couples or cultural variations.
Jump to other topics
1

Social Influence

2

Memory

3

Attachment

4

(2026 Exams) Psychopathology

5

(2027 Exams) Clinical Psychology & Mental Health

6

Approaches in Psychology

7

Biopsychology

8

Research Methods

8.1

Research Methods

8.2

Scientific Processes

8.3

Data Handling & Analysis

8.4

Inferential Testing

9

Issues & Debates in Psychology (A2 only)

10

Option 1: Relationships (A2 only)

10.1

Relationships: Sexual Relationships (A2 only)

10.2

Relationships: Romantic Relationships (A2 only)

10.3

(2026 Exams) Relationships: Virtual (A2 only)

10.4

(2027 Exams) Relationships: Online (A2 only)

11

Option 1: Gender (A2 only)

12

Option 1: Cognition & Development (A2 only)

13

Option 2: Schizophrenia (A2 only)

14

Option 2: Eating Behaviour (A2 only)

15

Option 2: Stress (A2 only)

16

Option 3: Aggression (A2 only)

17

Option 3: Forensic Psychology (A2 only)

18

Option 3: Addiction (A2 only)

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