10.3.2
Prevention
Situational Crime Prevention
Situational Crime Prevention
Felson describes how situational crime prevention can ‘design crime out’ of a particular area.
Situational crime prevention
Situational crime prevention
- Felson describes how situational crime prevention can ‘design crime out’ of a particular area.
- He uses the example of a restroom within a bus terminal in New York which was poorly designed and therefore provided opportunities for deviant and criminal behaviour.
Restroom in New York
Restroom in New York
- For example, the cubicles were large which encouraged drug dealing and the sinks were very long which encouraged homeless people to sleep in the restrooms overnight.
Situational crime prevention
Situational crime prevention
- After implementing methods of situational crime prevention such as smaller cubicles, smaller sinks etc. crime was reduced as the difficulty to commit a crime became greater.
Chaiken et al.
Chaiken et al.
- However, Chaiken et al. argue that this method doesn’t always reduce crime, instead it moves it somewhere else.
- This is known as displacement.
Environmental Crime Prevention
Environmental Crime Prevention
Right realists, Wilson and Kelling created the ‘broken windows theory’.
The ‘broken windows theory’
The ‘broken windows theory’
- Right realists, Wilson and Kelling created the ‘broken windows theory’.
- It centres around the principles of ‘zero-tolerance’ when it comes to any form of disobedience.
Example
Example
- It begins by cracking down on basic standards such as the appearance of an area, if windows are broken in a property, then they need to be fixed immediately in order to maintain the expected standards.
- By leaving the windows broken, it sends out a message that no-one cares about the community and so crime will increase in these areas.
Uses
Uses
- Environmental crime prevention was used in New York in the 1990’s and crime was reduced significantly.
1Theory & Methods
1.1Sociological Theories
1.2Sociological Methods
2Education with Methods in Context
2.1Role & Function of the Education System
2.2Educational Achievement
2.3Relationships & Processes Within Schools
3Option 1: Culture & Identity
3.1Conceptions of Culture
3.2Identity & Socialisation
3.3Social Identity
3.4Production, Consumption & Globalisation
4Option 1: Families & Households
4.1Families & Households
4.2Changing Patterns
4.3The Symmetrical Family
4.4Children & Childhood
5Option 1: Health
5.1Social Constructions
5.2Social Distribution of Healthcare
5.3Provision & Access to Healthcare
5.4Mental Health
6Option 1: Work, Poverty & Welfare
6.1Poverty & Wealth
7Option 2: Beliefs in Society
7.1Ideology, Science & Religion
7.2Religious Movements
7.3Society & Religion
8Option 2: Global Development
8.1Development, Underdevelopment & Global Inequality
8.2Globalisation & Global Organisations
8.3Aid, Trade, Industrialisation, Urbanisation
9Option 2: The Media
9.1Contemporary Media
9.2Media Representations
10Crime & Deviance
10.1Crime & Society
10.2Social Distribution of Crime
Jump to other topics
1Theory & Methods
1.1Sociological Theories
1.2Sociological Methods
2Education with Methods in Context
2.1Role & Function of the Education System
2.2Educational Achievement
2.3Relationships & Processes Within Schools
3Option 1: Culture & Identity
3.1Conceptions of Culture
3.2Identity & Socialisation
3.3Social Identity
3.4Production, Consumption & Globalisation
4Option 1: Families & Households
4.1Families & Households
4.2Changing Patterns
4.3The Symmetrical Family
4.4Children & Childhood
5Option 1: Health
5.1Social Constructions
5.2Social Distribution of Healthcare
5.3Provision & Access to Healthcare
5.4Mental Health
6Option 1: Work, Poverty & Welfare
6.1Poverty & Wealth
7Option 2: Beliefs in Society
7.1Ideology, Science & Religion
7.2Religious Movements
7.3Society & Religion
8Option 2: Global Development
8.1Development, Underdevelopment & Global Inequality
8.2Globalisation & Global Organisations
8.3Aid, Trade, Industrialisation, Urbanisation
9Option 2: The Media
9.1Contemporary Media
9.2Media Representations
10Crime & Deviance
10.1Crime & Society
10.2Social Distribution of Crime
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Social and Community Crime Prevention
Left realists argue that the most effective way of reducing crime is to improve education and employment opportunities for the most disadvantaged groups in society.
Left realists
Schweinhart
The ‘Perry Preschool Project’
Longitudinal study
Results