History of Medieval England & France 2
History: KS3, topic 1.11.7
The History of Medieval England and France
The Treaty of Bretigny temporarily ended the Hundred Years' War, with England gaining territories in France. Joan of Arc’s leadership inspired French victories.
The Treaty of Bretigny
- The Treaty of Bretigny temporarily halted the conflict.
- England gained significant territories in France in exchange for renouncing the claim to the French throne.
- Hostilities resumed in 1369, with the French gradually reclaiming territories.
Joan of Arc
- Joan of Arc emerged as a key figure, inspiring the French with her vision and leading them to several important victories.
- Joan’s leadership turned the tide at the Siege of Orleans in 1429 lifting the siege and boosting French morale.
- Joan helped ensure the coronation of Charles VII, solidifying his legitimacy as king.
Death of Joan
- Joan was captured by the Burgundians, allies of the English, and handed over to the English.
- She was tried for heresy and burned at the stake in 1431.
- The war concluded with the French reclaiming most of the territories previously held by the English.
The Battle of Castillon
- The final battle, the Battle of Castillon in 1453, saw a decisive French victory, effectively ending English territorial ambitions in France.
- The Hundred Years’ War significantly impacted both nations, fostering a sense of national identity and shaping their futures.
The Black Prince
- Edward III’s son, known as the Black Prince, was a key figure in the Hundred Years’ War.
- The Black Prince led the English to a major victory at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 capturing the French King John II.
- Despite his military prowess, he was also known for his chivalry and knightly conduct, which made him a legendary figure in both English and French histories.
Advantages and Challenges
- The long-standing rivalry between England and France had a massive impact on both nations
- The wars led to the development of new military technologies and tactics.
- However, the conflicts also brought about much destruction and hardship for the people of both countries.
Test yourself on History of Medieval England & France 2
Whose coronation did Joan of Arc help to ensure?