Dots-And-Cross Diagrams
Chemistry: AQA GCSE Higher, topic 2.1.10
Dot-and-Cross Diagrams
Dot-and-cross diagrams can show electrons being transferred and ions being formed. Dots represent electrons from 1 atom and crosses represent electrons from the other atom. Square brackets and a charge (e.g. 2+) represent ions.
How is sodium fluoride formed?
- The sodium atom transfers its outer electron to the fluorine atom, creating Na+ and F- ions. Both of these ions have full outer shells.
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How is calcium oxide formed?
- The calcium atom transfers its 2 outer electrons to the oxygen atom, creating Ca2+ and O2- ions which both have full outer shells.
Test yourself on Dots-And-Cross Diagrams
What can we show using dot-and-cross diagrams?
In the calcium oxide dot-and-cross diagram, how many outer electrons does the calcium atom transfer to the oxygen atom?
Select the correct statement in each pair
What do the Na+ and F- ions have in common after the sodium atom transfers its outer electron to the fluorine atom?
Why does calcium form a 2+ ion while sodium forms a 1+ ion?