2.1.1

Metaphors

Test yourself

Metaphor

A metaphor is a figure of speech in which you say something is another thing. You create an analogy to compare or liken the two things.

Illustrative background for The moon is a balloonIllustrative background for The moon is a balloon ?? "content

The moon is a balloon

  • The moon is a balloon, rising into the sky.
    • In this phrase, you are comparing the motion of the moon rising in the sky to the motion of a balloon as it rises.
    • When balloons rise into the sky, they usually move quite gently and steadily upwards.
  • When the moon rises, it seems to move gently and steadily upwards.
  • In this metaphor, it is the motion of both objects that we are looking at. Both objects move gently and smoothly upwards.
Illustrative background for Anger flooding Illustrative background for Anger flooding  ?? "content

Anger flooding

  • Anger flooded into her brain.
    • In this phrase, you are comparing the feeling of her sudden feeling of immense anger and the motion of water quickly flooding into an area and covering everything.
    • In this metaphor, we get the image of anger covering up all the good feelings and good sense in the brain. The anger takes over, possibly causing damage to the girl’s life or relationships with other people
Illustrative background for Sea of nameless facesIllustrative background for Sea of nameless faces ?? "content

Sea of nameless faces

  • I was lost in a sea of nameless faces.
    • In this phrase, you are comparing the image of the sea (which is full of water molecules) to a huge crowd (which is full of people he doesn’t recognise).
    • In this image, there are so many people’s faces that it’s the only thing we can see. Just like when we look at the sea and only see water, in this metaphor we can only see faces in the crowd.
Illustrative background for Curtain of fogIllustrative background for Curtain of fog ?? "content

Curtain of fog

  • 'The curtain of fog'.
    • In this example, you create the image of the fog falling down on the area as if it is a curtain being dropped over the place.
    • This could also suggest that the fog is thick and difficult to see through.

Tips for Using Metaphors

A metaphor is a figure of speech in which you say something is another thing. You compare the qualities of two things within this.

Illustrative background for Focus on the qualities of thingsIllustrative background for Focus on the qualities of things ?? "content

Focus on the qualities of things

  • Focus on the qualities of the things you are comparing – what kind of picture are you trying to paint?
Illustrative background for Focus on the comparisonIllustrative background for Focus on the comparison ?? "content

Focus on the comparison

  • Once you have figured out what kind of comparison you want to make, then think of something you can compare it to – something which clearly has that quality.
    • For example, if I want to describe the disgusting and messy way someone eats, I could say that ‘he is a pig’.
Illustrative background for Extend to make your ideas clearerIllustrative background for Extend to make your ideas clearer ?? "content

Extend to make your ideas clearer

  • Metaphors leave a bit of room for interpretation – in the example of him being ‘a pig’, a reader could interpret it to mean that the person is messy, dirty or greedy.
  • But if you want to make your ideas clearer, simply extend your metaphor: e.g. ‘He is a pig, shovelling his food greedily between his sloppy lips’.
Illustrative background for Make clear comparisonsIllustrative background for Make clear comparisons ?? "content

Make clear comparisons

  • Remember that your comparisons must be clear to anyone who reads them – there’s no point in giving a metaphorical comparison that most people would not understand!

Jump to other topics

1Key Terms

2Language Techniques

3Paper 1: Reading

4Paper 1: Writing

5Paper 2: Reading

6Paper 2: Writing

Go student ad image

Unlock your full potential with GoStudent tutoring

  • Affordable 1:1 tutoring from the comfort of your home

  • Tutors are matched to your specific learning needs

  • 30+ school subjects covered

Book a free trial lesson