Theravada & Mahayana Buddhisms
Religious Studies: KS3, topic 2.3.16
Theravada & Mahayana Buddhisms
Over time, Buddhism spread to many different countries across Asia. Different traditions have developed, each with unique ways of practising and understanding the Buddha’s teachings.
Main branches of Buddhism
- The two main branches of Buddhism are:
- Theravada Buddhism → found mainly in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos.
- Mahayana Buddhism &rightarrow found mainly in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.
- Although they differ, both share the goal of ending suffering and reaching nirvana.
- These traditions show how Buddhism can adapt to different cultures while keeping its core values of wisdom, peace, and compassion.
Theravada Buddhism
- Theravada means “The Way of the Elders.”
- It focuses on the original teachings of the Buddha.
- Theravada Buddhists believe each person must work towards enlightenment for themselves.
- Many Theravada Buddhists choose monastic life. They become monks or nuns who live simply and focus on meditation, study, and moral discipline.
- Meditation is central, helping people understand the nature of life and reach nirvana.
Mahayana Buddhism
- Mahayana means “The Great Vehicle.”
- This tradition developed later.
- Mahayana Buddhists believe that enlightenment is possible for everyone, not just monks.
- This tradition places strong emphasis on compassion (karuna) and helping others.
- Mahayana Buddhism honours Bodhisattvas.
- These are enlightened beings who choose to delay their own nirvana to help others reach it first.
- Mahayana Buddhists often use art, chanting, and temple rituals to express devotion and compassion.
Test yourself on Theravada & Mahayana Buddhisms
What are Bodhisattvas?