Spanish: Cambridge International GCSE revision notes
1 The Basics
1.1 Pronouns
1.4 Adjectives
1.5 Abbreviations
2 Everyday Activities
3 Personal & Social Life
3.1 Greetings
3.2 Self, Family & Friends
- 3.2.1 Age & Name
- 3.2.2 To Have - 'Tener'
- 3.2.3 Physical Appearance
- 3.2.4 Appearance
- 3.2.5 Physical Appearance 2
- 3.2.6 Personality (1/2)
- 3.2.7 Personality (2/2)
- 3.2.8 Describing People
- 3.2.9 Relationships
- 3.2.10 Family
- 3.2.11 Family Members
- 3.2.12 Describing Family
- 3.2.13 Talking About Your Family
- 3.2.14 Friends (1/2)
- 3.2.15 Friends (2/2)
- 3.2.16 Important Verbs
- 3.2.17 Role Model
- 3.2.18 Favourite Games
- 3.2.19 Invitations
- 3.2.20 Describing Personality
3.3 In The Home
- 3.3.1 Home
- 3.3.2 What is in Your House?
- 3.3.3 Helping at Home
- 3.3.4 Daily Routine (1/2)
- 3.3.5 Daily Routine (2/2)
- 3.3.6 Near Your Home
- 3.3.7 Common Prepositions
- 3.3.8 The Bathroom
- 3.3.9 The Bathroom: Verbs & Expressions
- 3.3.10 The Living Room
- 3.3.11 The Kitchen
- 3.3.12 The Bedroom
- 3.3.13 House Chores
- 3.3.14 The Garden
- 3.3.15 Household Appliances
3.4 Colours
3.5 Clothes & Accesories
4 The World Around Us
4.5 Measurements
4.6 Materials
5 The World of Work
5.1 Education
- 5.1.1 School
- 5.1.2 In The Classroom
- 5.1.3 Subjects (1/2)
- 5.1.4 Subjects (2/2)
- 5.1.5 A Good Student
- 5.1.6 My Studies
- 5.1.7 Exam-Style Questions - A Good Student
- 5.1.8 Life at School
- 5.1.9 School Trips
- 5.1.10 University (1/2)
- 5.1.11 University (2/2)
- 5.1.12 Future Study
- 5.1.13 School Routine
- 5.1.14 Study - Verbs & Expressions
6 The International World
6.1 Culture, Customs, Faiths & Celebrations
7 Listening
7.1 Time Expressions - Listening
7.2 The Human Body & Health - Listening
7.3 Food & Drink - Listening
7.4 Travel & Transport - Listening
7.6 In the Home - Listening
7.7 Colours - Listening
7.8 Clothes & Accesories - Listening
7.10 People & Places - Listening
7.11 The Environment - Listening
7.12 Communications & Technology - Listening
7.13 The Built Environment - Listening
7.14 Measurements - Listening
7.15 Materials - Listening
7.16 The World of Work - Listening
- 7.16.1 Education: Listening
- 7.16.2 Life at School: Listening
- 7.16.3 Life at School: Listening (Higher)
- 7.16.4 Education Post-16: Listening
- 7.16.5 Jobs, Careers, & Ambition: Listening
- 7.16.6 Jobs & Careers: Listening (Higher)
- 7.16.7 Charity & Voluntary Work: Listening
- 7.16.8 Charity: Listening
- 7.16.9 Poverty & Homelessness: Listening
7.17 Culture, Customs, Faith & Celebrations
8 Common Tenses
8.1 Present Tense
- 8.1.1 Present: Regular 'AR' Verbs
- 8.1.2 Present: 5 Common 'AR' Verbs
- 8.1.3 Present: Negative Verbs
- 8.1.4 Present: Irregular 'AR' Verbs (1/3)
- 8.1.5 Present: Irregular 'AR' Verbs (2/3)
- 8.1.6 Present: Irregular 'AR' Verbs (3/3)
- 8.1.7 Present: Regular 'ER' Verbs
- 8.1.8 Present: 5 Common 'ER' Verbs
- 8.1.9 Present: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (1/4)
- 8.1.10 Present: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (2/4)
- 8.1.11 Present: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (3/4)
- 8.1.12 Present: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (4/4)
- 8.1.13 Present: Regular 'IR' Verbs
- 8.1.14 Present: 5 Common 'IR' Verbs
- 8.1.15 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (1)
- 8.1.16 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (2)
- 8.1.17 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (3)
- 8.1.18 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (4)
- 8.1.19 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (5)
- 8.1.20 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (6)
- 8.1.21 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (7)
- 8.1.22 Present: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (8)
- 8.1.23 Verb Phrases: Expressing Opinion
- 8.1.24 Present: Set Expressions
- 8.1.25 The Use of 'Se'
8.2 Preterite Tense
- 8.2.1 Preterite: Regular 'AR' Verbs
- 8.2.2 Preterite: 5 Common 'AR' Verbs
- 8.2.3 Preterite: Irregular 'AR' Verbs (1/3)
- 8.2.4 Preterite: Irregular 'AR' Verbs (2/3)
- 8.2.5 Preterite: Irregular 'AR' Verbs (3/3)
- 8.2.6 Preterite: Regular 'ER' Verbs (1/2)
- 8.2.7 Preterite: Regular 'ER' Verbs (2/2)
- 8.2.8 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs
- 8.2.9 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs: 'Ser'
- 8.2.10 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs: 'Tener'
- 8.2.11 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs: 'Ver'
- 8.2.12 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (1/3)
- 8.2.13 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (2/3)
- 8.2.14 Preterite: Irregular 'ER' Verbs (3/3)
- 8.2.15 Preterite: Regular 'IR' Verbs
- 8.2.16 Preterite: 5 Common 'IR' Verbs
- 8.2.17 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (1/4)
- 8.2.18 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (2/4)
- 8.2.19 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs (3/4)
- 8.2.20 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs
- 8.2.21 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs - Decir
- 8.2.22 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs - Venir
- 8.2.23 Preterite: Irregular 'IR' Verbs - Ir
8.4 Preterite vs Imperfect Tenses
8.5 Future Tense
9 Important Verbs
9.1 To Be - 'Ser' & 'Estar'
- 9.1.1 Conjugation: 'Ser'
- 9.1.2 Uses of 'Ser' (1/2)
- 9.1.3 Uses of 'Ser' (2/2)
- 9.1.4 Expressions Using 'Ser'
- 9.1.5 Conjugation: 'Estar'
- 9.1.6 Uses of 'Estar'
- 9.1.7 Expressions Using 'Estar'
- 9.1.8 General Expressions Using 'Estar' (1/2)
- 9.1.9 General Expressions Using 'Estar' (2/2)
- 9.1.10 'Ser' or 'Estar'
- 9.1.11 To Be - 'Ser' - Imperfect
9.2 To Like - 'Gustar'
10 Advanced Tenses
10.1 Future
- 10.1.1 Future: Regular Verbs: 'AR' Verbs
- 10.1.2 Future: Regular Verbs: 'ER' Verbs
- 10.1.3 Future: Regular Verbs: 'IR' Verbs
- 10.1.4 Uses of the Simple Future
- 10.1.5 Future: Irregular Verbs (1/2)
- 10.1.6 Future: Irregular Verbs (2/2)
- 10.1.7 Future: Irregular Verbs: 'Hacer'
- 10.1.8 Future: Irregular Verbs: 'Decir'
10.2 Conditional
- 10.2.1 Conditional: Regular 'AR' Verbs
- 10.2.2 Conditional: Regular 'ER' Verbs
- 10.2.3 Conditional: Regular 'IR' Verbs
- 10.2.4 Conditional: 'Hacer'
- 10.2.5 Conditional: 'Decir'
- 10.2.6 Irregular Verbs: Deleting an 'E' before the ‘R'
- 10.2.7 Irregular Verbs: Adding 'DR' to the Stem
- 10.2.8 Irregular Verbs: Adding an 'R' to the Stem
- 10.2.9 Uses of the Conditional
10.3 Continuous Tenses
- 10.3.1 'AR', 'ER' & 'IR' Gerunds
- 10.3.2 Changes to the Gerund
- 10.3.3 Changes to the Stem
- 10.3.4 Present Continuous - Regular Gerunds
- 10.3.5 Present Continuous - Irregular Gerunds
- 10.3.6 Uses of the Present Continuous
- 10.3.7 Imperfect Continuous - Regular Gerunds
- 10.3.8 Imperfect Continuous - Irregular Gerunds
10.6 Present Subjunctive
- 10.6.1 Present Subjunctive: Regular 'AR' Verbs
- 10.6.2 Present Subjunctive: Regular 'ER' Verbs
- 10.6.3 Present Subjunctive: Regular 'IR' Verbs
- 10.6.4 Irregular 'AR' Verbs: Radical Changing 'AR' Stems
- 10.6.5 Irregular 'AR' Verbs: Spelling Changes 'GAR'-'GU'
- 10.6.6 Irregular 'AR' Verbs: Spelling Changes 'CAR'-'QU'
- 10.6.7 Irregular 'AR' Verbs: Spelling Changes 'ZAR'-'C'
- 10.6.8 Irregular 'AR' Verbs: 'Estar'
- 10.6.9 Irregular 'AR' Verbs: 'Dar'
- 10.6.10 Irregular 'ER' Verbs: Radical Changing Stems
- 10.6.11 Irregular 'ER' Subjunctive
- 10.6.12 Irregular ER Verbs: Spelling Changes 'GER'-'J'
- 10.6.13 Irregular 'ER' Verbs: No Pattern
- 10.6.14 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: Radical Changing Stems
- 10.6.15 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: Adding a 'G'
- 10.6.16 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: Verbs Ending in 'ducir'
- 10.6.17 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: Verbs Ending in 'uir'
- 10.6.18 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: Spelling Changes 'GIR'-'J'
- 10.6.19 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: Spelling Changes 'GUIR'-'G'
- 10.6.20 Irregular 'IR' Verbs: 'Ir'
- 10.6.21 Subjunctive Uses (1/2)
- 10.6.22 Subjunctive Uses (2/2)
10.7 Imperfect Subjunctive
- 10.7.1 Imperfect Subjunctive: 'AR' Verbs
- 10.7.2 Imperfect Subjunctive: Irregular 'AR'
- 10.7.3 Imperfect Subjunctive: Regular 'ER'
- 10.7.4 Imperfect Subjunctive: Irregular 'ER'
- 10.7.5 'ER' Verbs : Strong Preterites
- 10.7.6 Imperfect Subjunctive: 'IR' Verbs
- 10.7.7 Imperfect Subjunctive: Irregular 'IR'
- 10.7.8 'IR' Verbs: 'Strong Preterites'
11 Extra Grammar
11.3 Nouns
- 11.3.1 Gender of Nouns for People & Animals
- 11.3.2 Nouns that Stay the Same
- 11.3.3 Nouns that Only Take One Article
- 11.3.4 Masculine vs Feminine Nouns
- 11.3.5 Masculine Exceptions
- 11.3.6 Feminine Exceptions
- 11.3.7 Noun Endings that Are Usually Feminine
- 11.3.8 Noun Endings that Are Usually Masculine
- 11.3.9 Masculine Nouns
- 11.3.10 Masculine and Feminine Nouns: Different Meanings
- 11.3.11 Plural: Nouns that End in a Vowel
- 11.3.12 Plural: Nouns that End in a Consonant
11.5 Adjectives
- 11.5.1 Adjectives that Change Endings
- 11.5.2 Adjectives that Remain the Same
- 11.5.3 Adjectives: 'Grande' and 'Bueno'
- 11.5.4 Plural: Ending in a Consonant
- 11.5.5 Plural: Ending in a Vowel
- 11.5.6 Superlative: The Best, The Worst
- 11.5.7 Adjectives Ending in '-ísimo/ísima'
- 11.5.8 This, These, That and Those
- 11.5.9 Possession: Before a Noun
- 11.5.10 Possesion: After a Noun
- 11.5.11 Possesion: Whose
- 11.5.12 Indefinites (1/2)
- 11.5.13 Indefinites (2/2)
11.6 Adverbs
- 11.6.1 Adverbs with '-mente'
- 11.6.2 Adverbs of Degree & Manner
- 11.6.3 Common Phrases with Adverbs: Quantity
- 11.6.4 Common Phrases with Adverbs: Place
- 11.6.5 Common Phrases with Adverbs: Time
- 11.6.6 Common Phrases with Adverbs: Frequency
- 11.6.7 Adverbs: Still & Yet
- 11.6.8 Adverbs: No
- 11.6.9 Adverbial Phrases
- 11.6.10 Adverbs Ending in '-ísimo/ísima'
11.8 Pronouns
- 11.8.1 Demonstrative Pronouns
- 11.8.2 Possessive Pronouns
- 11.8.3 Indefinites: 'Algo' & 'Alguien'
- 11.8.4 Indefinites: 'Alguno' & 'Cualquiera'
- 11.8.5 Reflexive Pronouns
- 11.8.6 Direct Object
- 11.8.7 Direct Object: Position
- 11.8.8 Indirect Object
- 11.8.9 Pronouns After Prepositions (1/2)
- 11.8.10 Pronouns After Prepositions (2/2)
- 11.8.11 Relative Pronouns: 'Que' & 'Quien'
- 11.8.12 Relative Pronouns: 'El Que' & 'El Cual'
- 11.8.13 Relative Pronouns: 'Lo Que' & 'Lo Cual'
11.12 Numbers, Expressions of Quantity, Dates & Times