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Case Study: Blackpool (UK)

Geography: Cambridge International GCSE (2027 Exams), topic 9.3.9

Case Study: Blackpool (UK)

Blackpool in North West England was a popular tourist destination in the 19th and 20th centuries but went through a decline. More recently there have been attempts to revive Blackpool.

Location and population

Location and population

  • Located in Lancashire, North West England.
  • There are around 7 miles of sandy beach to enjoy. Population figures: 1801 - 500 1851 - 2500 1881 - 14000
History of tourism - 18th century

History of tourism - 18th century

  • Initially, private roads brought wealthy visitors in from 1781, before a road from Manchester was also built in 1782.
History of tourism - 19th century

History of tourism - 19th century

  • In 1800, bathing in the North Sea became popular as a ‘tonic’.
  • The Central Pier opened in 1868.
  • In 1870, Blackpool became more popular for poorer people because government brought in annual holidays for workers, and it was cheaper to stay in the UK.
  • In 1881, donkey rides on the beach, trams, pubs, theatres and fish & chip shops all started.
  • Blackpool Tower opened in 1894 and the Fairground opened 1905.
  • In 1846, the railway opened which made it easier for people in the North of England to get to Blackpool.
History of tourism - 20th century

History of tourism - 20th century

  • By 1901, the population was up to 47,000.
  • Between 1918-1939, Blackpool was successful, it was one of Europe’s leading destinations!
  • Paid holidays were introduced, making holidays to Blackpool even more affordable.
  • In 1951, the population had risen to 147,000.
Decline of tourism

Decline of tourism

  • As air travel became more popular, the cool climate of Blackpool could not compete with the warmer climate in southern Spain and France.
  • Blackpool’s tourism industry went into decline.
Redevelopment and regeneration

Redevelopment and regeneration

  • In 2000, there was a £300 million rejuvenation project, introducing The Illuminations, Pleasure Beach and Zoo, Sandcastle Water Park and Winter Gardens.
  • These have led to Blackpool reclaiming its status as a tourist hub.
  • 35% of jobs in Blackpool are connected to the tourism industry (hotels, leisure parks, restaurants, etc.).

Test yourself on Case Study: Blackpool (UK)

  • Which of the following statements about Blackpool are correct?

  • Initially, how did wealthy visitors come to Blackpool?

  • Why did tourism in Blackpool decline?

  • What was the population size of Blackpool in 1901?

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