12.7.1

Passive Voice: Present & Perfect

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Present Passive Voice

To form the present passive, use the present tense of 'être' followed by a past participle. The passive is usually only used in the 'il/elle' and the 'ils/elles' forms.

1) Present tense of 'être'

1) Present tense of 'être'

  • This tense is only usually used with the il/elle/on or ils/elles form of 'être'.
    • Il/elle/on est - he/she/one is
    • Ils/elles sont - they are
2) Add past participle

2) Add past participle

  • Le foot est joué - Football is played.
  • La police est avertie - The police are warned.
  • Les livres sont lus - The books are read.
  • Les tartes sont faites - The tarts are made.
Examples of passive sentences

Examples of passive sentences

  • Le livre est lu par de nombreuses personnes.
    • The book is read by many people.
  • La tarte aux pommes est mangée par moi.
    • The apple pie is eaten by me.
  • Les touristes sont vus comme une source d'espoir pour la population locale.
    • Tourists are seen as a source of hope by the local people.
  • Les pièces sont écrites par William Shakespeare.
    • The plays are written by William Shakespeare.

Perfect Passive Voice

To form the perfect passive, use the pefect tense of 'être' followed by a past participle. The passive is usually only used in the 'il/elle' and the 'ils/elles' forms.

Step 1 - perfect tense of 'etre'

Step 1 - perfect tense of 'etre'

  • J'ai été - I was.
  • Tu as été - you (singular) were.
  • Il/elle/on a été - he/she/one was.
  • Nous avons été - we were.
  • Vous avez été - you (plural/formal) were.
  • Ils/elles ont été - they were.
Step 2 - add past participle

Step 2 - add past participle

  • Le pain a été acheté - the bread was bought.
  • La porte a été ouverte - the door was opened.
  • Les chaussures ont été perdues - the shoes were lost.
  • Ces coûts ont été pris en compte - these costs were taken into account.
Examples of passive sentences

Examples of passive sentences

  • Le match a été gagné par mon équipe.
    • The match was won by my team.
  • La voiture a été vendue à perte.
    • The car was sold at a loss.
  • Les tartes ont été faites par le boulanger.
    • The tarts were made by the baker.
  • Les livres ont été écrits par Charles Dickens.
    • The books were written by Charles Dickens.
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Conjugation & Use of Tenses

11.1

Present Tense

11.2

Perfect Tense

11.3

Imperfect Tense

11.4

Future Tense

11.5

Conditional Tense

11.6

Future Perfect Tense

11.7

Conditional Perfect Tense

11.8

Pluperfect Tense

12

Extra Grammar

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