Transformations
Maths: Edexcel IGCSE Higher, topic 5.2.1
Types of Transformations
Transformations are operations that change the position and sometimes the size of a shape.
Reflection
- A reflection is when a shape is reflected by a line.
- The perpendicular distance from each point in the reflected shape to the line of reflection is the same as the distance for the corresponding point in the original.
Reflection
- A reflection is when a shape is reflected by a line.
- The perpendicular distance from each point in the reflected shape to the line of reflection is the same as the distance for the corresponding point in the original.
Rotation
- A rotation is when a shape is rotated around a certain point.
- The distance from each point in the rotated shape to the centre of rotation is the same as the distance for the corresponding point in the original.
Rotation
- A rotation is when a shape is rotated around a certain point.
- The distance from each point in the rotated shape to the centre of rotation is the same as the distance for the corresponding point in the original.
Translation
- A translation is when a shape is moved from one position to another.
- The orientation of the shape is not changed by a translation.
Translation
- A translation is when a shape is moved from one position to another.
- The orientation of the shape is not changed by a translation.
Enlargement
- An enlargement is when a shape is made bigger or smaller.
- The lengths of the shape's sides change but the angles and the ratio between the side lengths does not.
Enlargement
- An enlargement is when a shape is made bigger or smaller.
- The lengths of the shape's sides change but the angles and the ratio between the side lengths does not.
Effects of Transformations
Angles
- Angles are not changed in any transformations.
Lengths
- Rotations, reflections and translations do not change lengths.
- Enlargement does change lengths.
Multiple transformations
- Transformations can be done one after the other.
- When transformations are combined like this, it's very important to do them in the order they are listed.
- Here is a reflection in the y axis, then a translation down.
Test yourself on Transformations
What type of transformation is performed to transform the blue shape into the red shape?
What type of transformation is performed to transform the blue shape into the red shape?
What type of transformation is performed to transform the blue shape into the red shape?
What type of transformation is performed to transform the blue shape into the red shape?
What type of transformation is this?