2.4.7

Halogens

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The Halogens

The halogens are found in group 7 of the periodic table. They can be commonly found in disinfectants and bleach.

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Halogens

  • The halogens are found in Group 7.
  • They are a very dangerous set of elements.
  • If you breathe in the toxic gases they could cause death.
  • They can also cause burns on the skin that need to be treated at hospital.
  • The non-metals in group 7 include (from top of the group to the bottom of the group).
    • Fluorine (F).
    • Chlorine (Cl).
    • Bromine (Br).
    • Iodine (I).
    • Astatine (At).
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Properties

  • The colour of the halogens gets darker as you go down the group.
  • At room temperature, they have all three states of matter within the group. The elements have decreasing energy as you go down the group.
    • Fluorine and chlorine are gases.
    • Bromine is a liquid.
    • Iodine and astatine are solids.
  • The density trend of the halogens is that they increase as you go down the group.
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Reactivity

  • A more reactive halogen will ‘displace’ a less reactive halogen from their salt.
  • The halogens become less reactive as you go down the group.
  • This is because the electron to be gained from another element is further from the nucleus.

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1Biology

1.1Cells, Tissues & Organs

1.2Reproduction & Variation

1.3Ecological Relationships & Classification

1.4Digestion & Nutrition

1.5Plants & Photosynthesis

1.6Biological Systems & Processes

2Chemistry

2.1Particles

2.2Chemical Reactions

2.3Atoms, Elements, Compounds

2.4The Periodic Table

2.5Materials & the Earth

2.6Reactivity

2.7Energetics

2.8Properties of Materials

3Physics

3.1Energy

3.2Forces & Motion

3.3Waves

3.4Electricity & Magnetism

3.5Matter

3.6Space Physics

4Thinking Scientifically

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