2.2.7

Titration

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Titrations

Titration is a technique that measures the volumes of acid and alkali solutions that are needed in a neutralisation reaction.

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Key variables

  • If, for example, we were neutralising an alkali with an acid, titration could be used to calculate the concentration of the alkali if we knew:
    1. The concentration of the acid to be added.
    2. The volume of the alkali.
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Indicators

  • Indicators show the end point of titrations by suddenly changing colour when the solution turns from acidic to alkaline, or alkaline to acidic.
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Choosing an indicator

  • When choosing an indicator, the strength of the acid and alkali must be considered.
  • If both the acid and alkali are strong, suitable indicators would be:
    • Methyl orange (yellow in alkali → red in acid).
    • Phenolphthalein (pink in alkali → colourless in acid).

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