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Revision notes
IGCSE
Chemistry
Cambridge International
Higher
Calculating Enthalpy Change

Calculating Enthalpy Change

Chemistry: Cambridge International GCSE Supplement, topic 5.1.6

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Previous topic5.1.5 Reaction Pathway Diagrams Next topic6.1.1 Difference btwn Physical & Chemical Changes

Chemistry: Cambridge International GCSE Supplement contents

1 States of Matter
- 1.1 Solids, Liquids, & Gases
  1.1.1 States of Matter - Solids, Liquids & Gases
  1.1.2 Structure of Solids, Liquids & Gases
  1.1.3 Changes of State
  1.1.4 The Effects of Temperature & Pressure
  1.1.5 Kinetic Theory
  1.1.6 Kinetic Theory - Effects of Temperature & Pressure
- 1.2 Diffusion
  1.2.1 Diffusion
  1.2.2 The Effect of Relative Molecular Mass
2 Atoms, Elements & Compounds
- 2.1 Elements, Compounds & Mixtures
  2.1.1 Differences Between Elements, Compounds & Mixtures
- 2.2 Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table
  2.2.1 The Structure of the Atom
  2.2.2 Relative Charge, Mass & Atomic Numbers
  2.2.3 Electronic Configuration of Elements
- 2.3 Isotopes
  2.3.1 Isotopes
  2.3.2 Electronic Configuration of Isotopes
  2.3.3 Calculating Relative Atomic Mass
- 2.4 Ions & Ionic Bonds
  2.4.1 Properties of Ionic Compounds - Structure & Bond
  2.4.2 Formation of Ions & Ionic Bonds
  2.4.3 Formation of Ionic Bonds - Metals & Non-Metals
  2.4.4 Ionic Bonds
  2.4.5 Ionic Compounds
  2.4.6 Giant Lattice Structure of Ionic Compounds
- 2.5 Simple Molecules & Covalent Bonds
  2.5.1 Covalent Bonds
  2.5.2 Formation of Covalent Bonds
  2.5.3 Structure & Properties of Simple Molecules
  2.5.4 Covalent Bonds in Simple Molecules
  2.5.5 Properties of Simple Molecular Compounds
- 2.6 Giant Covalent Structures
  2.6.1 Giant Covalent Structures - Graphite
  2.6.2 Giant Covalent Structures - Diamond
  2.6.3 Uses of Graphite & Diamonds
  2.6.4 Giant Covalent Structures - Silicon Oxide
  2.6.5 Similarity Between Diamond & Silicon Oxide
- 2.7 Metallic Bonding
  2.7.1 Metallic Bonding
  2.7.2 The Properties of Metals
3 Stoichometry
- 3.1 Formulae
  3.1.1 Understanding Formulae
  3.1.2 Empirical Formula
  3.1.3 Stoichiometry - Formulae, Word & Symbol Equations
  3.1.4 Deduce & Write Ionic Compound Formulas
- 3.2 Relative Masses of Atoms & Molecules
  3.2.1 Relative Atomic Mass
  3.2.2 Relative Molecular Mass (Mr)
  3.2.3 Calculating Reacting Masses
- 3.3 The Mole & the Avogadro Constant
  3.3.1 Introducing Moles
  3.3.2 Amounts of Substances
  3.3.3 Moles & Equations
  3.3.4 Calculations Involving Gases
  3.3.5 Calculating Stoichiometric Reacting Masses
  3.3.6 Calculating the Moles of Solute
  3.3.7 Calculating Empirical Formula
  3.3.8 Chemical Equations
  3.3.9 Percentage Yield
  3.3.10 Calculating Yield
  3.3.11 Percentage Purity
4 Electrochemistry
- 4.1 Electrolysis
  4.1.1 Electrolytic Process
  4.1.2 Electrolysis Examples
  4.1.3 Electrolysis of a Binary Compound in Molten State
  4.1.4 Electroplating
  4.1.5 Transfer of Charge During Electrolysis
  4.1.6 Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions
  4.1.7 Electrolysis of Copper Sulfate
  4.1.8 Electrolysis of Halide Compounds
  4.1.9 Half-Equations
  4.1.10 Combustion of Hydrocarbons
- 4.2 Hydrogen–Oxygen Fuel Cells
  4.2.1 Fuel Cells
  4.2.2 Hydrogen Fuel Cells
  4.2.3 Comparing Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cells & Petrol
5 Chemical Energetics
- 5.1 Exothermic & Endothermic Reactions
  5.1.1 Energy Conservation
  5.1.2 Exothermic Reactions
  5.1.3 Endothermic Reactions
  5.1.4 Energy Change of a Reaction
  5.1.5 Reaction Pathway Diagrams
  5.1.6 Calculating Enthalpy Change
6 Chemical Reactions
7 Acids, Bases & Salts
8 The Periodic Table
- 8.1 Arrangement of Elements
  8.1.1 The Periodic Table
  8.1.2 Metals & Non-Metals
- 8.2 Group I Properties
  8.2.1 Alkali Metals
  8.2.2 Alkali Metals - Properties
  8.2.3 Reactivity of Alkali Metals
  8.2.4 Alkali Metals & Water
- 8.3 Group VII Properties
  8.3.1 The Halogens - Properties
  8.3.2 The Halogens - Colours & States
  8.3.3 The Halogen - Displacement 1
  8.3.4 The Halogen - Displacement 2
- 8.4 Transition Elements
  8.4.1 Transition Metals
  8.4.2 Transition Metals - Special Properties
- 8.5 Noble Gases
  8.5.1 Noble Gases - Properties
9 Metals
- 9.1 Properties of Metals
  9.1.1 Physical Properties of Metals
  9.1.2 Chemical Properties of Metals
  9.1.3 Metal Oxides
- 9.2 Uses of Metals
  9.2.1 Uses of Metals: Aluminium & Copper
- 9.3 Alloys & Their Properties
  9.3.1 Alloys
  9.3.2 Alloys 2
  9.3.3 Alloys & their Uses in Everyday Life
  9.3.4 Structural Diagrams of Alloys
  9.3.5 Structure of Alloys & Their Strength
- 9.4 Reactivity Series
  9.4.1 Metals - Reactivity Series & Reactivity
  9.4.2 Order of Reactivity
  9.4.3 Reactivity of Metals
- 9.5 Corrosion of Metals
  9.5.1 Corrosion
  9.5.2 Preventing Corrosion
- 9.6 Extraction of Metals
  9.6.1 Extraction of Metals
  9.6.2 Extracting Iron
  9.6.3 Extracting Aluminium from Bauxite
10 Chemistry of the Environment
11 Organic Chemistry
12 Experimental Techniques & Chemical Analysis
- 12.1 Experimental Design
  12.1.1 Measurement Tools
  12.1.2 Mixtures
  12.1.3 Understanding Solvents, Solutes, & Solutions
  12.1.4 Separating Mixtures
  12.1.5 Distillation
  12.1.6 Advantages & Disadvantages of Experimental Methods
- 12.2 Acid-base Titrations
  12.2.1 Acid-base Titrations
- 12.3 Chromatography
  12.3.1 Chromatography
  12.3.2 Paper Chromatography
  12.3.3 Chromatogram
- 12.4 Separation & Purification
  12.4.1 Purity
  12.4.2 Methods of Separation & Purification
- 12.5 Identification of Ions & Gases
  12.5.1 Testing Aqueous Cations 1
  12.5.2 Testing Aqueous Cations 2
  12.5.3 Testing Cations - Flame Tests
  12.5.4 Testing Cations
  12.5.5 Testing for Aqueous Cations
  12.5.6 Testing Anions - Sulfates
  12.5.7 Testing Anions - Nitrates
  12.5.8 Testing Gases - Hydrogen
  12.5.9 Testing Gases - Oxygen
  12.5.10 Testing Gases - Carbon Dioxide
  12.5.11 Testing Gases - Chlorine
  12.5.12 Identifying Gases

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