HTML
Computer Science: OCR A Level, topic 3.4.1
Hypertext Markup Language
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language used for the design of web pages. It specifies the structure of a webpage.
HTML introduction
- Most tags in html needs to come in a pair, one to open the element and one to close it:
- <tag> ... </tag>
- The <html> tag is used to enclose the entire page.
- The <head> tag is used to enclose information about the page.
- The <title> tag is used to define the title of the page.
- The <body> tag is used to enclose the content of the page.
Basic page structure
- The layout used by any HTML page is shown in the image.
Common tags
- Headings can be created using tags <h1> through <h6>.
- <h1> will create the largest heading, and <h6> will create the smallest.
- Paragraphs can be created using <p> to enclose text.
- Text can be made italic by enclosing in <i>.
- Text can be made bold be enclosing in <b>.
Hypertext Markup Language
HTML has many tags, a few of which are shown here.
Structural tags
- <center> can be used to center content on a page.
- <blockquote> can be used to create an emphasised quote.
- <hr> can be used to create a horizontal line across the page.
- <img src="..."> can be used to display the image located at the src parameter.
Lists
- <ul> will create an unordered list (bullet points).
- <ol> will create an ordered list (numbers).
- <li> will create an item within a list.
Links
- <a href="URL">Click Me</a> can be used to create a link.
- The text displayed will be Click Me.
- The link will take the user to the page at URL.
- <a href="mailto:address"> can be used to send an email.
- An email will be sent to address.
Test yourself on HTML
All HTML pages start with what tag?
Which of the following tags does not require a closing tag?
Which tag can create a horizontal rule?
Which tag is used to create a bullet-pointed list?