8.5.8

Irregular ER Verbs 2

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Spelling Changes 'GER → J'

ER verbs that end in 'ger' change their stem to preserve the sound of 'x' or 'h'. The 'g' changes to a 'j'.

'Coger'

'Coger'

  • Coja - I catch.
  • Cojas - you catch.
  • Coja - he/she catches.
  • Cojamos - we catch.
  • Cojáis - you catch.
  • Cojan - they catch.
'Escoger'

'Escoger'

  • Escoja - I choose.
  • Escojas - you choose.
  • Escoja - he/she choose.
  • Escojamos - we choose.
  • Escojáis - you choose.
  • Escojan - they choose.
'Proteger'

'Proteger'

  • Proteja - I protect.
  • Protejas - you protect.
  • Proteja - he/she protect.
  • Protejamos - we protect.
  • Protejáis - you protect.
  • Protejan - they protect.

No Pattern

Some ER verbs in the present subjunctive do not have the same stem as the present tense but they do add the regular subjunctive endings. There are four ER verbs worth to mention:

'Ser'

'Ser'

  • Uses ‘se’ as stem in all the forms followed by the regular subjunctive endings.
  • Sea - I am.
  • Seas - you are.
  • Sea - he/she is.
  • Seamos - we are.
  • Seáis - you are.
  • Sean - they are.
'Caber'

'Caber'

  • Uses ‘quep’ as stem in all the forms followed by the regular subjunctive endings.
  • Quepa - I fit.
  • Quepas - you fit.
  • Quepa - he/she fits.
  • Quepamos - we fit.
  • Quepáis - you fit.
  • Quepan - they fit.
'Haber'

'Haber'

  • Uses ‘hay’ as stem in all the forms followed by the regular subjunctive endings.
  • Haya - I have.
  • Hayas - you have.
  • Haya - he/she has.
  • Hayamos - we have.
  • Hayáis - you have.
  • Hayan - they have.
'Saber'

'Saber'

  • Uses ‘sep’ as stem in all the forms followed by the regular subjunctive endings.
  • Sepa - I know.
  • Sepas - you know.
  • Sepa - he/she knows.
  • Sepamos - we know.
  • Sepáis - you know.
  • Sepan - they know.
Jump to other topics
1

The Basics

2

Current & Future Study & Employment

2.1

School & Subjects

2.2

School & Subjects - Translations (Foundation)

2.3

School & Subjects - Translations (Higher)

2.4

Education Post - 16

2.5

Education Post - 16 - Translations (Foundation)

2.6

Education Post - 16 - Translations (Higher)

3

Identity & Culture

3.1

Me, My Family & Friends

3.2

Me, Family & Friends - Translations (Foundation)

3.3

Me, Family & Friends - Translations (Higher)

3.4

Technology in Everyday Life

3.5

Tech in Everyday Life - Translations (Foundation)

3.6

Tech in Everyday Life - Translations (Higher)

3.7

Free Time Activities

3.8

Free Time Activities - Translations (Foundation)

3.9

Free Time Activities - Translations (Higher)

3.10

Customs & Festivals in Spanish Speaking Countries

3.11

Customs & Festivals - Translations (Foundation)

3.12

Customs & Festivals - Translations (Higher)

4

Areas of Interest

4.1

Home, Town, Neighbourhood & Region

4.2

Home & Region - Translations (Foundation)

4.3

Home & Region - Translations (Higher)

4.4

Social Issues

4.5

Social Issues - Translations (Foundation)

4.6

Social Issues - Translations (Higher)

4.7

Global Issues

4.8

Global Issues - Translations

4.9

Travel & Tourism

4.10

Travel & Tourism - Translations

5

Listening Practice

5.1

Time Expressions - Listening

5.2

Me, My Family & Friends - Listening

5.3

Technology in Everyday Life - Listening

5.4

Free-Time - Listening

5.5

Customs & Festivals - Listening

5.6

Home, Town, Neighbourhood & Region - Listening

5.7

Social Issues - Listening

5.8

Travel & Tourism - Listening

5.9

Education - Listening

5.10

Food & Drink - Listening

5.11

In the Home - Listening

5.12

Colours - Listening

5.13

Clothes & Accesories - Listening

5.14

Measurements - Listening

5.15

Materials - Listening

6

Common Tenses

7

Important Verbs

8

Advanced Tenses

9

Extra Grammar

9.1

Articles

9.2

Negatives

9.3

Nouns

9.4

Asking Questions

9.5

Adjectives

9.6

Adverbs

9.7

Conjunctions

9.8

Pronouns

9.9

By, With, From, Of

9.10

Verbs

9.11

Comparisons

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