Biology: AQA A Level revision notes
1 Biological Molecules
1.1 Monomers & Polymers
1.4 Proteins
- 1.4.1 The Peptide Chain
- 1.4.2 Investigating Proteins
- 1.4.3 Primary & Secondary Protein Structure
- 1.4.4 Tertiary & Quaternary Protein Structure
- 1.4.5 Enzymes
- 1.4.6 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
- 1.4.7 Enzyme-Controlled Reactions
- 1.4.8 End of Topic Test - Lipids & Proteins
- 1.4.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Enzymes
- 1.4.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Proteins
- 1.4.11 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Enzyme Inhibitors
1.8 Inorganic Ions
2 Cells
2.1 Cell Structure
2.3 Transport Across Cell Membrane
2.4 Cell Recognition & the Immune System
- 2.4.1 Immune System
- 2.4.2 Phagocytosis
- 2.4.3 T Lymphocytes
- 2.4.4 B Lymphocytes
- 2.4.5 Antibodies
- 2.4.6 Primary & Secondary Response
- 2.4.7 Vaccines
- 2.4.8 HIV
- 2.4.9 Ethical Issues
- 2.4.10 End of Topic Test - Immune System
- 2.4.11 Exam-Style Question - Immune System
- 2.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - Immune System
- 2.4.13 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Humoral vs Cellular
3 Substance Exchange
3.1 Surface Area to Volume Ratio
3.2 Gas Exchange
3.4 Mass Transport
- 3.4.1 Haemoglobin
- 3.4.2 Oxygen Transport
- 3.4.3 The Circulatory System
- 3.4.4 The Heart
- 3.4.5 Blood Vessels
- 3.4.6 Cardiovascular Disease
- 3.4.7 Heart Dissection
- 3.4.8 Xylem
- 3.4.9 Phloem
- 3.4.10 Investigating Plant Transport
- 3.4.11 End of Topic Test - Mass Transport
- 3.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - Mass Transport
- 3.4.13 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Concentration Gradient
- 3.4.14 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Cardiac Cycle
- 3.4.15 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Carrying Capacity
- 3.4.16 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Translocation
4 Genetic Information & Variation
4.1 DNA, Genes & Chromosomes
4.7 Investigating Diversity
5 Energy Transfers (A2 only)
5.1 Photosynthesis
- 5.1.1 Overview of Photosynthesis
- 5.1.2 Photoionisation of Chlorophyll
- 5.1.3 Production of ATP & Reduced NADP
- 5.1.4 Cyclic Photophosphorylation
- 5.1.5 Light-Independent Reaction
- 5.1.6 A-A* (AO3/4) - Photosynthesis Reactions
- 5.1.7 Limiting Factors
- 5.1.8 Photosynthesis Experiments
- 5.1.9 End of Topic Test - Photosynthesis
- 5.1.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Photosynthesis
5.2 Respiration
- 5.2.1 Overview of Respiration
- 5.2.2 Anaerobic Respiration
- 5.2.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - Anaerobic Respiration
- 5.2.4 The Link Reaction
- 5.2.5 The Krebs Cycle
- 5.2.6 Oxidative Phosphorylation
- 5.2.7 Respiration Experiments
- 5.2.8 End of Topic Test - Respiration
- 5.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Respiration
- 5.2.10 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aerobic vs Anaerobic
5.3 Energy & Ecosystems
6 Responding to Change (A2 only)
6.4 Homeostasis
- 6.4.1 Overview of Homeostasis
- 6.4.2 Blood Glucose Concentration
- 6.4.3 Controlling Blood Glucose Concentration
- 6.4.4 End of Topic Test - Blood Glucose
- 6.4.5 Primary & Secondary Messengers
- 6.4.6 Diabetes Mellitus
- 6.4.7 Measuring Glucose Concentration
- 6.4.8 Osmoregulation
- 6.4.9 Controlling Blood Water Potential
- 6.4.10 ADH
- 6.4.11 End of Topic Test - Diabetes & Osmoregulation
- 6.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - Homeostasis
- 6.4.13 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Effect of ADH
7 Genetics & Ecosystems (A2 only)
7.2 Populations
7.3 Evolution
- 7.3.1 Variation
- 7.3.2 Natural Selection & Evolution
- 7.3.3 End of Topic Test - Populations & Evolution
- 7.3.4 Types of Selection
- 7.3.5 Types of Selection Summary
- 7.3.6 Overview of Speciation
- 7.3.7 Causes of Speciation
- 7.3.8 Diversity
- 7.3.9 End of Topic Test - Selection & Speciation
- 7.3.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Populations & Evolution
- 7.3.11 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Speciation
8 The Control of Gene Expression (A2 only)
8.2 Gene Expression
- 8.2.1 Stem Cells
- 8.2.2 Stem Cells in Disease
- 8.2.3 End of Topic Test - Mutation & Gene Epression
- 8.2.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Mutation & Stem Cells
- 8.2.5 Regulating Transcription
- 8.2.6 Epigenetics
- 8.2.7 Epigenetics & Disease
- 8.2.8 Regulating Translation
- 8.2.9 Experimental Data
- 8.2.10 End of Topic Test - Transcription & Translation
- 8.2.11 Tumours
- 8.2.12 Correlations & Causes
- 8.2.13 Prevention & Treatment
- 8.2.14 End of Topic Test - Cancer
- 8.2.15 A-A* (AO3/4) - Gene Expression & Cancer
8.3 Genome Projects