2.2.4

International Relations with Other Powers

Test yourself

International Relations, 1890-1914

By the end of the 19th century, an alliance system was emerging across Europe.

Illustrative background for Building alliancesIllustrative background for Building alliances ?? "content

Building alliances

  • In the run-up to World War 1, European states became more intertwined with one another because of the signing of alliances and treaties.
    • e.g. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy signed the Triple Alliance in 1882.
    • e.g. France and Russia formed the Franco-Russian Alliance in 1892.
Illustrative background for Britain and alliancesIllustrative background for Britain and alliances ?? "content

Britain and alliances

  • In response to the alliances of the late 19th century, Britain was initially torn as it was in conflict with both sets of alliances.
  • However, eventually, Britain also became involved in the alliance system.
    • In 1904, Britain signed the Entente Cordiale with France.
    • In 1907, the Triple Entente was formed between Britain, France, and Russia.
Illustrative background for Britain's navy vs armyIllustrative background for Britain's navy vs army ?? "content

Britain's navy vs army

  • Britain had historically prioritised the Navy over the Army because of the geographic spread of the British Empire and the importance of trade to the British Empire.
  • However, in the Boer War, the British Army was shown to be very weak. Up to one-third of conscripts were unfit for military duty because of things like malnutrition. This led to the introduction of Free School Meals in British schools after 1906.
Illustrative background for Anglo-German rivalryIllustrative background for Anglo-German rivalry ?? "content

Anglo-German rivalry

  • Anglo-German rivalry increased in the late 19th century. This manifested in industry, naval power, and imperial power in Africa.
  • Germany's challenge in Africa is seen, for example, in the Jameson raid and Kruger's telegram.
Illustrative background for Shifting prioritiesIllustrative background for Shifting priorities ?? "content

Shifting priorities

  • After 1912, Britain began to deploy more of its military ships in the North Sea and closer to Britain, instead of in the Indian Ocean, Caribbean and Mediterranean.
  • This was a clear signal of deprioritisation of the British Empire.

Jump to other topics

1High Water Mark of the British Empire, 1857-1914

2Imperial Consolidation & Liberal Rule, 1890-1914

3Imperialism Challenged, 1914-1967

4The Wind of Change, 1947-1967

Go student ad image

Unlock your full potential with GoStudent tutoring

  • Affordable 1:1 tutoring from the comfort of your home

  • Tutors are matched to your specific learning needs

  • 30+ school subjects covered

Book a free trial lesson