Welcome to Seneca Revision Notes

1.1.1The Long Profile

1.1.2Characteristics of Rivers

1.2.1Waterfalls & Gorges

1.2.2Meanders

1.2.3Oxbow Lakes

1.2.4Levees

1.2.5Floodplains

1.2.6Deltas

1.2.7Interlocking Spurs

1.3.1River Pollution

1.3.2River Pollution in the River Thames

1.4.1The Bradshaw Model

1.5.1The Drainage Basin & the Water Cycle

1.6.1Hydrological Cycle in a Drainage Basin

1.6.2Processes in a Drainage Basin

1.7.1Erosion

1.7.2Transportation

1.7.3Deposition

1.7.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Upper Course

1.7.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Deposition

2.1.1Processes of Erosion

2.1.2Corrosion & Corrasion

2.1.3Transportation

2.1.4Deposition

2.1.5Longshore Drift

2.1.6Types of Waves

2.1.7Case Study: The Holderness Coast (UK)

2.1.8Case Study: The Holderness Coast - Management

2.1.9Case Study: The Holderness Coast - Defences

2.1.10Diagnostic Misconceptions - Swash & Backwash

2.2.1Headlands & Bays

2.2.2Beaches, Stumps, & Cliffs

2.2.3Wave-cut Platforms

2.2.4Caves, Arches, & Stacks

2.2.5Spits, Bars, & Sand Dunes

2.2.6Discordant & Concordant Coastlines

2.3.1Opportunities & Hazards

2.3.2Managing Flooding - Hard Engineering

2.3.3Coastal Management - Hard Engineering

2.3.4Coastal Management - More Hard Engineering

2.3.5Coastal Management - Soft Engineering

2.3.6End of Topic Test - Rivers

2.3.7End of Topic Test -Coasts

2.4.1Tropical Storms

2.4.2Structure of Tropical Storms

2.4.3Causes of Tropical Storms

2.4.4Effects of Tropical Storms

2.4.5Hazards of Tropical Storms

2.4.6Case Study: Hurricane Katrina - Effects

2.4.7Case Study: Hurricane Katrina - Responses

2.4.8Case Study: Cyclone Nargis - Responses

2.4.9Case Study: Cyclone Nargis

2.4.10Mathematical Skills: Weather Hazards

2.4.11Diagnostic Misconceptions - Rainfall

2.5.1Coral Reefs

2.5.2Types of Reefs

2.5.3Importance of Coral Reefs

2.5.4Mangrove Swamps

2.5.5Importance of Mangroves

3.1.1Features of the Antartic Ecosystem

3.1.2Factors Influencing the Antarctic

3.1.3Abiotic–Biotic Factors & Adaptations

3.2.1Antarctic: Threats & Impacts

3.2.2Antarctic: Evaluation of Strategies

3.3.1Global Distribution & Characteristics

3.3.2Tropical Rainforest: Structure

3.3.3Tropical Rainforest: Interrelationships

3.4.1ThreatsThreats & Impacts

3.4.2Evaluation of Strategies

3.4.3Mathematical Skills: Deforestation

3.4.4Rainforest Case Study

4.1.1Structure of the Earth: Characteristics

4.1.2Tectonic Plates

4.1.3Plate Margins

4.1.4Plate Boundaries

4.1.5Earthquakes at Plate Margins

4.2.1Earthquakes: Processes & Characteristics

4.2.2Earthquake Hazards

4.2.3Types of Volcano

4.2.4Classification & Features

4.2.5Volcanic Hazards

4.2.6Diagnostic Misconceptions - Lava

4.2.7Diagnostic Misconceptions - Location of Volcanoes

4.2.8Diagnostic Misconceptions - Focus vs Epicentre

4.2.9Diagnostic Misconceptions - Sliding Plates

4.3.1Why do People Live Near Volcanoes?

4.3.2Primary Effects of Volcanoes

4.3.3Secondary Effects of Volcanoes

4.3.4Measuring Earthquakes

4.4.1Manging Impacts of Tectonic Hazards - Monitoring

4.4.2Managing Impacts of Tectonic Hazards - Planning

4.4.3Case Study: Agung

4.4.4Case Study: Christchurch

4.4.5Mathematic Skills: Tectonic Hazards

5.1.1Climate Change: Evidence

5.1.2Climate Change: Factors

5.1.3Climate Change: Human Influence

5.1.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Greenhouse Effect

5.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - 1°C Change in Temp.

5.2.1Impact on the Environment

5.2.2Impact on People

5.2.3Diagnostic Misconceptions - Species Adaptation

5.3.1Climate Change: Strategies

5.3.2Evaluation of Mitigation

5.3.3Climate Change: Case Study

6.1.1Reasons for Growth & Decline

6.1.2Patterns & Trends

6.1.3Evaluation of Impacts

6.1.4Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

6.1.5Stages of the Demographic Transition Model

6.1.6Diagnostic Misconceptions - Declining Birth Rate

6.2.1Factors Influencing Birth Rates

6.2.2Factors Influencing Death Rates

6.2.3Population Policies

6.2.4Population Structure

6.2.5Population Pyramids

6.2.6Case Study: UK's Ageing Population - Causes

6.2.7Case Study: UK's Ageing Population - Effects

6.2.8Case Study: UK's Ageing Population - Responses

6.3.1Migration

6.3.2Impacts of Migration

6.3.3Types of Migrant & Causes

6.3.4Evaluation of Strategies

6.3.5Case Study: Afghanistan to Pakistan

6.3.6Case Study: Mexico to the USA

6.3.7End of Topic Test - Populations

7.1.1Variations in Global Population

7.2.1Opportunities & Challenges

7.2.2Impact

7.2.3Diagnostic Misconceptions - Inequality

7.2.4Diagnostic Misconceptions - Urbanisation

7.2.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Megacities

7.3.1Evaluation of Strategies

7.3.2Case Study: Notting Hill & Leicester

7.3.3Mathematical Skills: Urban Issues

7.3.4End of Topic Test - Urbanisation

8.1.1Social & Economic Indicators

8.1.2Comparing Countries

8.1.3Development: Environmental Factors

8.1.4Development: Historical Factors

8.1.5Development: Political Causes

8.1.6Development: Social Causes

8.1.7Development: Economic Causes

8.2.1Reasons for Uneven Development

8.2.2Uneven Development: Patterns

8.2.3Measures of Inequality Within Countries

8.2.4Case Study: Inequality in China

8.3.1Definition & Techniques

8.3.2Case Study: Bangladesh

9.1.1Different Industries

9.1.2Changing Employment Structure

9.1.3Industrial Location & Distribution

9.2.1Globalisation Definition & Features

9.2.2Globalisation - Transport

9.2.3Globalisation - Communication & Banking

9.2.4Transnational Corporations (TNCs)

9.2.5Case Study: SEZs in China

9.2.6Case Study: SEZs in HSBC

9.3.1Factors Leading to the Growth of Tourism

9.3.2The Butler Model

9.3.3Benefits of Tourism - Economic

9.3.4Benefits of Tourism - Social, Cultural & Env.

9.3.5Problems with Tourism - Economic

9.3.6Problems of Tourism - Social, Cultural & Env.

9.3.7Managing Tourism - Sustainability & Ecotourism

9.3.8Managing Tourism - Quotas & Tourism Hubs

9.3.9Case Study: Blackpool (UK)

9.3.10Mathematical Skills: Changing Economic World

10.1.1Farming Types

10.1.2Human Inputs

10.1.3Physical Inputs

10.1.4Green Revolution

10.1.5Diagnostic Misconceptions - Food

10.2.1Calorie Intake

10.2.2Reasons for Changing Global Supply

10.2.3Strategies to Increase Food Supply

10.2.4Reasons & Impacts

10.3.1Human Factors

10.3.2Natural Factors

10.3.3Impacts of Food Insecurity

10.3.4Increasing Farm Output

10.3.5Food Aid

10.3.6Desertification

10.3.7Reducing the Risk of Desertification

10.3.8Soil Erosion

10.3.9Low Impact Farming

10.3.10Mathematical Skills: Food

10.4.1Types of Energy: Renewable & Non-Renewable

10.4.2Non-Renewable: Fuelwood

10.4.3Non-Renewable: Nuclear

10.4.4Non-Renewable: Fossil Fuels

10.4.5Renewable: Wind & Solar

10.4.6Renewable: Wave & Tidal

10.4.7Renewable: Biofuel

10.4.8Renewable: HEP & Geothermal

10.5.1Reasons for Increasing Energy Consumption

10.5.2Energy Security

10.5.3Variations in Energy Use

10.6.1Strategies to Increase Energy Supply

10.6.2Evaluation of the Strategies

10.6.3Case Study: Iceland

10.6.4Case Study: China

10.6.5Mathematical Skills: Energy

10.6.6End of Topic Test - Energy