7.2.11

Naturally Occurring Polymers - DNA & Sugars

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DNA

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a massive molecule that is crucial for life as we know it.

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What is the role of DNA?

  • DNA encodes (produces) the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning and reproduction of living organisms and viruses.
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What is the shape of DNA?

  • Most DNA molecules are made up of 2 polymer chains arranged in the form of a double helix.
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What are the main components of DNA?

  • The polymers are made from monomers known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains 1 of the following 4 nitrogenous bases:
    • Adenine (A)
    • Thymine (T)
    • Cytosine (C)
    • Guanine (G)

Other Naturally Occurring Polymers

Polymers, such as DNA, are found in nature and can be extracted. Other naturally occurring polymers that are important for life include:

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Proteins

  • Amino acids are the monomers that combine to give proteins.
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Starch and cellulose

  • Sugars are the monomers that combine to give starch and cellulose.
    • All of these molecules fall into the category of carbohydrates.

Jump to other topics

1Atomic Structure

2Chemical Bonding

3Quantitative Chemistry

4Chemical Changes

5Energy Changes

6The Rate & Extent of Chemical Change

7Organic Chemistry

8Chemical Analysis

9Chemistry of the Atmosphere

10Using Resources

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