Artificial Intelligence

Computer Science: Cambridge International GCSE, topic 1.7.3

AI deals with creating machines that think and act like humans. It is used plenty in daily life, from industry to personal use.

AI is a branch of computer science that involves computers simulating intelligent behaviour.
They are designed to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as reasoning, problem-solving, decision-making, and learning from experience.
Examples: voice assistants, self-driving cars, medical diagnosis systems

$Characteristics of AI$

Data collection:
AI systems gather large amounts of data and have set rules for using the data (such as logic or algorithms).
Reasoning ability:
AI systems can process information logically to solve problems or make decisions.
Ability to learn and adapt:
AI systems can automatically improve their performance over time without being explicitly reprogrammed.

An expert system is a type of AI that is designed to act like a human expert in a specific field (e.g. a medical diagnosis system suggesting treatments)
Components:
Knowledge Base: Stores facts and information about a specific subject
Rule Base: Contains a set of "if-then" rules
Inference Engine: Applies rules from the rule base to the facts in the knowledge base to make conclusion
Interface: A part that allows human users to interact with the system

Machine learning is a subfield of AI, where a program can automatically adapt its processes or data.
Instead of being programmed for every scenario, the machine learns from large amounts of new data and experience.
The more data it is given, the better it becomes at making decisions.
Example: spam email filters, recommendation systems (Netflix, YouTube)

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