11.9.1

By, With, From, Of

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By, With, From, To

Prepositions are words that come directly before another word to express the relationship between the words that come before or after it.

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En - in

  • 'En' is used to show location, time or how something is done.
    • E.g. Estoy en mi casa.
      • I am in my house.
    • E.g. Tengo una reunión en una hora.
      • I have a meeting in an hour.
    • E.g. Vamos en avión.
      • We are going by plane.
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Hacia - towards, about

  • 'Hacia' is used to show movement or opinion towards something and the rough time.
    • Corrí hacia mi casa.
      • I ran towards my house.
    • Nuestra responsabilidad hacia el medio ambiente.
      • Our responsibility towards the environment.
    • Hacia medianoche.
      • At about midnight.
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Hasta - until, as far as

  • 'Hasta' is used in a lot of idiomatic expressions, mostly to do with saying goodbye.
    • Hasta luego, hasta mañana
      • Until later (goodbye), until tomorrow.
  • It is also used to show a time limit.
    • La tienda está abierta hasta las tres.
      • The shop is open until 3.
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Según - according to

  • 'Según' means according to, it is normally followed by a noun.
    • E.g. Según el autor.
      • According to the author.
    • E.g. Según la encuesta.
      • According to the survey.
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Sin - without

  • 'Sin' means without, it can be followed by a noun or a verb.
    • E.g. Sin saberlo.
      • Without knowing it.
    • E.g. Sin perjuicio.
      • Without prejudice.
  • It is also used in certain phrases:
    • E.g. Sin embargo - however.
    • E.g. Sin duda - certainly (without a doubt).
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Cerca - Near

  • 'Cerca' means near, it can be followed by a noun or a verb.
    • E.g. Cerca de mi casa hay una tienda.
      • Near my house there is a shop.
    • Puedo caminar hasta la escuela porque está cerca.
      • I can walk to school because it is close.

Jump to other topics

1The Basics

2Everyday Activities

3Personal & Social Life

4The World Around Us

5The World of Work

6The International World

7Listening

7.1Time Expressions - Listening

7.2The Human Body & Health - Listening

7.3Food & Drink - Listening

7.4Travel & Transport - Listening

7.5Self, Family & Friends - Listening

7.6In the Home - Listening

7.7Colours - Listening

7.8Clothes & Accesories - Listening

7.9Leisure Time - Listening

7.10People & Places - Listening

7.11The Environment - Listening

7.12Communications & Technology - Listening

7.13The Built Environment - Listening

7.14Measurements - Listening

7.15Materials - Listening

7.16The World of Work - Listening

7.17Culture, Customs, Faith & Celebrations

8Common Tenses

8.1Present Tense

8.2Preterite Tense

8.3Imperfect Tense

8.4Preterite vs Imperfect Tenses

8.5Future Tense

9Important Verbs

10Advanced Tenses

10.1Future

10.2Conditional

10.3Continuous Tenses

10.4Perfect Tense

10.5Passive

10.6Present Subjunctive

10.7Imperfect Subjunctive

10.8Imperative

11Extra Grammar

11.1Articles

11.2Negatives

11.3Nouns

11.4Asking Questions

11.5Adjectives

11.6Adverbs

11.7Conjunctions

11.8Pronouns

11.9Prepositions

11.10Verbs

11.11Comparisons & Superlative

11.12Numbers, Expressions of Quantity, Dates & Times

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