4.1.2

Input-Process-Output Model

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Input-Process-Output Model

The input-process-output model is an abstraction of a computer system.

The model

The model

There are four states in the model:
- Inputs.
- Processes.
- Storage.
- Outputs.

Data paths

Data paths

Data will first be created as input, either from a user or from some sensor.
This data can then be processed along with any other data that is held in the storage. It may itself be stored.
Once processing is complete, the output is given to the user.
Sometimes a feedback process may occur, and the outputs will be passed back to the model as an input.

Algorithms

Algorithms

Algorithms can be planned more easily using this model.
The inputs, processes and outputs can be identified from a problem statement.
The processes can then be decomposed before an algorithm is written.

1

Problem Solving

1.1

Algorithms

1.1.1Algorithm Thinking 1.1.2Interpreting Algorithms 1.1.3Expressing Algorithms - Pseudocode 1.1.4Expressing Algorithms - Flow Charts 1.1.5Correcting Algorithms 1.1.6Completing Algorithms 1.1.7Search Algorithms 1.1.8Linear Search 1.1.9Binary Search 1.1.10Sort Algorithms 1.1.11Bubble Sort 1.1.12Merge Sort

1.2

Decomposition & Abstraction

1.2.1Computational Thinking - Abstraction 1.2.2Computational Thinking - Decomposition 1.2.3End of Topic Test - Algorithms

2

Programming

3

Data

3.1

Binary

3.1.1Number Bases 3.1.2Negative Binary Numbers 3.1.3Binary Addition 3.1.4Binary Shifts

3.2

Data Representation

3.2.1Representing Text 3.2.2ASCII 3.2.3Unicode 3.2.4Representing Images 3.2.5Representing Sound

3.3

Data Storage & Compression

3.3.1Capacity 3.3.2Calculating Capacity Requirements 3.3.3Data Compression 3.3.4Run Length Encoding

3.4

Encryption

3.4.1Encryption 3.4.2Caesar Cipher 3.4.3Ciphers

3.5

Databases

3.5.1Databases 3.5.2End of Topic Test - Data & Representation

4

Computers

4.1

Machines & Computational Modelling

4.1.1Computational Models 4.1.2Input-Process-Output Model

4.2

Hardware

4.3

Logic

4.3.1Binary Systems 4.3.2Logic Circuits 4.3.3Boolean Logic 4.3.4End of Topic Test - Logic

4.4

Software

4.4.1Operating Systems 4.4.2User Interface Managetment 4.4.3Memory and Process Management 4.4.4File Management 4.4.5Device Management 4.4.6User Management 4.4.7Encryption Software 4.4.8Defragmentation Software 4.4.9Data Compression Software 4.4.10Backup Software

4.5

Programming Languages

4.5.1High Level Languages 4.5.2Low Level Languages 4.5.3Translators - Compilers 4.5.4Translators - Interpreters 4.5.5Translators - Assemblers 4.5.6End of Topic Test - Translation & Representation

5

Communication & The Internet

5.1

Networks

5.2

Network Security

5.2.1User Access Levels 5.2.2Encryption 5.2.3Protecting Against Malware 5.2.4Firewalls 5.2.5Forms of Attack 5.2.6Penetration Testing 5.2.7Malware 5.2.8How Malware Spreads 5.2.9Social Engineering 5.2.10Protecting Against Social Engineering 5.2.11Phishing 5.2.12Network Administration 5.2.13Network Forensics

5.3

The Internet & the World Wide Web

5.3.1IP Addresses 5.3.2Types of IP Address 5.3.3MAC Addresses 5.3.4Packet Switching 5.3.5How Do Packets Get Routed?5.3.6Did My Data Arrive Safely?5.3.7The Internet 5.3.8URLs 5.3.9DNS 5.3.10Web Hosting 5.3.11End of Topic Test - Security

6

The Bigger Picture

Jump to other topics

1

Problem Solving

1.1

Algorithms

1.1.1Algorithm Thinking 1.1.2Interpreting Algorithms 1.1.3Expressing Algorithms - Pseudocode 1.1.4Expressing Algorithms - Flow Charts 1.1.5Correcting Algorithms 1.1.6Completing Algorithms 1.1.7Search Algorithms 1.1.8Linear Search 1.1.9Binary Search 1.1.10Sort Algorithms 1.1.11Bubble Sort 1.1.12Merge Sort

1.2

Decomposition & Abstraction

1.2.1Computational Thinking - Abstraction 1.2.2Computational Thinking - Decomposition 1.2.3End of Topic Test - Algorithms

2

Programming

3

Data

3.1

Binary

3.1.1Number Bases 3.1.2Negative Binary Numbers 3.1.3Binary Addition 3.1.4Binary Shifts

3.2

Data Representation

3.2.1Representing Text 3.2.2ASCII 3.2.3Unicode 3.2.4Representing Images 3.2.5Representing Sound

3.3

Data Storage & Compression

3.3.1Capacity 3.3.2Calculating Capacity Requirements 3.3.3Data Compression 3.3.4Run Length Encoding

3.4

Encryption

3.4.1Encryption 3.4.2Caesar Cipher 3.4.3Ciphers

3.5

Databases

3.5.1Databases 3.5.2End of Topic Test - Data & Representation

4

Computers

4.1

Machines & Computational Modelling

4.1.1Computational Models 4.1.2Input-Process-Output Model

4.2

Hardware

4.3

Logic

4.3.1Binary Systems 4.3.2Logic Circuits 4.3.3Boolean Logic 4.3.4End of Topic Test - Logic

4.4

Software

4.4.1Operating Systems 4.4.2User Interface Managetment 4.4.3Memory and Process Management 4.4.4File Management 4.4.5Device Management 4.4.6User Management 4.4.7Encryption Software 4.4.8Defragmentation Software 4.4.9Data Compression Software 4.4.10Backup Software

4.5

Programming Languages

4.5.1High Level Languages 4.5.2Low Level Languages 4.5.3Translators - Compilers 4.5.4Translators - Interpreters 4.5.5Translators - Assemblers 4.5.6End of Topic Test - Translation & Representation

5

Communication & The Internet

5.1

Networks

5.2

Network Security

5.2.1User Access Levels 5.2.2Encryption 5.2.3Protecting Against Malware 5.2.4Firewalls 5.2.5Forms of Attack 5.2.6Penetration Testing 5.2.7Malware 5.2.8How Malware Spreads 5.2.9Social Engineering 5.2.10Protecting Against Social Engineering 5.2.11Phishing 5.2.12Network Administration 5.2.13Network Forensics

5.3

The Internet & the World Wide Web

5.3.1IP Addresses 5.3.2Types of IP Address 5.3.3MAC Addresses 5.3.4Packet Switching 5.3.5How Do Packets Get Routed?5.3.6Did My Data Arrive Safely?5.3.7The Internet 5.3.8URLs 5.3.9DNS 5.3.10Web Hosting 5.3.11End of Topic Test - Security

6

The Bigger Picture

Practice questions on Input-Process-Output Model

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1
Solving Algorithm QuestionsPut in order
2
Following processing, where can data go?True / false

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Computational Models

Elements of Computer Systems