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  1. Revision notes
  2. IGCSE
  3. Physics
  4. Edexcel IGCSE
  5. Higher
  6. Refractive Index 1

Refractive Index 1

Physics: Edexcel IGCSE, topic 3.2.5

Test yourself on Refractive Index 1

  • The angle of refraction is lower than the angle of incidence. What does this indicate about the material?

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Previous topic3.2.4 Angle of RefractionNext topic3.2.6 Refractive Index 2

Physics: Edexcel IGCSE contents

  1. 1 Forces & Motion

    • 1.1 Basics of Motion

      • 1.1.1 Average Speed
      • 1.1.2 Acceleration
      • 1.1.3 Distance & Displacement
      • 1.1.4 Velocity
      • 1.1.5 Adding Vectors
      • 1.1.6 Distance-Time Graphs
      • 1.1.7 Speed-Time Graphs 1
      • 1.1.8 Speed-Time Graphs 2
      • 1.1.9 Initial & Final Speed, Acceleration, Distance
      • 1.1.10 Average Speed - Calculations
      • 1.1.11 Acceleration - Calculations
      • 1.1.12 Uniform Acceleration - Calculations
      • 1.1.13 Grade 9 - Motion
      • 1.1.14 Exam-Style Questions - Graphs of Motion
    • 1.2 Forces

      • 1.2.1 Contact & Non-Contact Forces
      • 1.2.2 Examples of Contact Forces
      • 1.2.3 Friction
      • 1.2.4 Newton's First Law
      • 1.2.5 Newton's Second Law
      • 1.2.6 Newton's Third Law
      • 1.2.7 Describing Forces
      • 1.2.8 Using Free Body Diagrams
    • 1.3 Effects of Forces

      • 1.3.1 Momentum - No Impulse
      • 1.3.2 Momentum
      • 1.3.3 Momentum: Law of Conservation
      • 1.3.4 Force & Momentum Change
      • 1.3.5 Momentum - Safety
      • 1.3.6 Change in Momentum - Calculations
      • 1.3.7 Momentum - Calculations
      • 1.3.8 Mass
      • 1.3.9 Weight
      • 1.3.10 Centre of Mass
      • 1.3.11 Gravity - Calculations
      • 1.3.12 Free Fall
      • 1.3.13 Air Resistance & Friction
      • 1.3.14 Graphs of Motion with Air Resistance
      • 1.3.15 Turning Effect
      • 1.3.16 Moments
      • 1.3.17 Equilibrium
      • 1.3.18 Moments - Calculations
      • 1.3.19 Exam-Style Questions - Moments
    • 1.4 Stopping Distance

      • 1.4.1 Stopping Distance
      • 1.4.2 Stopping Distance - Thinking Distance
      • 1.4.3 Stopping Distance - Braking Distance
    • 1.5 Forces & Elasticity

      • 1.5.1 Stretching, Bending & Compressing
      • 1.5.2 Elastic Deformation vs Inelastic Deformation
      • 1.5.3 Hooke's Law
      • 1.5.4 Hooke's Law - Equation
      • 1.5.5 Hooke's Law - Spring Experiments
      • 1.5.6 Hooke's Law - Calculations
      • 1.5.7 Elastic Potential - Calculations
      • 1.5.8 End of Topic Test - Forces
      • 1.5.9 Exam-Style Questions - Elastic Potential
  2. 2 Electricity

    • 2.1 Electricity in Homes

      • 2.1.1 Mains Electricity
      • 2.1.2 Power Rating of Appliances
      • 2.1.3 National Grid
      • 2.1.4 AC/DC
      • 2.1.5 Electrical Safety
      • 2.1.6 Fuses
      • 2.1.7 Fuse Ratings
    • 2.2 Current & Potential Difference

      • 2.2.1 Current
      • 2.2.2 Current - Equation
      • 2.2.3 Current - Calculations
      • 2.2.4 Conductors & Insulators
      • 2.2.5 Electrical Conductors - Electrons
      • 2.2.6 Potential Difference
      • 2.2.7 Potential Difference - Equation
      • 2.2.8 Measurements in Circuits
      • 2.2.9 Voltage - Calculations
    • 2.3 Resistance & Power

      • 2.3.1 Resistance
      • 2.3.2 Ohm's Law
      • 2.3.3 Measuring Resistance
      • 2.3.4 Resistance & Ohms Law - Calculations
      • 2.3.5 Variable Resistance
      • 2.3.6 Current-Voltage Graph for a Resistor
      • 2.3.7 Electrical Work
      • 2.3.8 Power
      • 2.3.9 Heating Effect in Resistors
      • 2.3.10 Electrical Work - Calculations
      • 2.3.11 Exam-Style Questions - Resistance
    • 2.4 Electric Circuits

      • 2.4.1 Circuit Diagrams
      • 2.4.2 Circuit Symbols
      • 2.4.3 Diodes
      • 2.4.4 LDRs & Thermistors
      • 2.4.5 Series Circuits
      • 2.4.6 Resistors in Series
      • 2.4.7 Series Circuits - Calculations
      • 2.4.8 Parallel Circuits
      • 2.4.9 Parallel Circuits in Practice
      • 2.4.10 End of Topic Test - Electricity
      • 2.4.11 Grade 9 - Circuits
      • 2.4.12 Exam-Style Questions - Electrical Circuits
    • 2.5 Static Electricity

      • 2.5.1 Electric Charge
      • 2.5.2 Charging an Object
      • 2.5.3 Charged Objects
      • 2.5.4 Uses of Static Electricity
      • 2.5.5 Charge Dangers
      • 2.5.6 Calculating Power & Energy Transferred
  3. 3 Waves

    • 3.1 Wave Basics

      • 3.1.1 Wave Basics
      • 3.1.2 Transverse Waves
      • 3.1.3 Longitudinal Waves
      • 3.1.4 Wave Frequency Formula
      • 3.1.5 Wavelength & Amplitude
      • 3.1.6 Wave Speed
      • 3.1.7 Wave Speed - Calculations
      • 3.1.8 Wave Frequency - Calculations
      • 3.1.9 Wavefronts
      • 3.1.10 Doppler Effect
      • 3.1.11 Exam-Style Questions - Wave Speed
    • 3.2 Waves at a Boundary

      • 3.2.1 Changing Wave Motion
      • 3.2.2 Reflection
      • 3.2.3 Refraction
      • 3.2.4 Angle of Refraction
      • 3.2.5 Refractive Index 1
      • 3.2.6 Refractive Index 2
      • 3.2.7 Total Internal Reflection
      • 3.2.8 Optic Fibres
    • 3.3 Electromagnetic Spectrum

      • 3.3.1 Properties of Electromagnetic Waves
      • 3.3.2 Gamma Rays
      • 3.3.3 X-Rays
      • 3.3.4 UV Light
      • 3.3.5 Visible Light
      • 3.3.6 Infrared Radiation
      • 3.3.7 Microwaves
      • 3.3.8 Radio Waves
      • 3.3.9 End of Topic Test - EM Waves
      • 3.3.10 Exam-Style Questions - Electromagnetic Wave Uses
    • 3.4 Sound Waves

      • 3.4.1 Sound Waves
      • 3.4.2 Sound Waves & Our Ears
      • 3.4.3 Sound as a Wave
      • 3.4.4 Signal Generators
      • 3.4.5 Sound Waves - Oscilloscope Traces
      • 3.4.6 Measuring the Speed of Sound - Experiment
      • 3.4.7 End of Topic Test - Waves
    • 3.5 Communications

      • 3.5.1 Digital & Analogue Signals
      • 3.5.2 Benefits of Digital Signals
  4. 4 Energy Resources & Energy Transfers

    • 4.1 Energy Changes

      • 4.1.1 Energy Stores
      • 4.1.2 Conservation of Energy
      • 4.1.3 Examples of Energy Conversion
      • 4.1.4 Kinetic Energy Stored
      • 4.1.5 Gravitational Potential Energy Stored
      • 4.1.6 Elastic Potential Energy Stored
      • 4.1.7 Changes in Kinetic Energy - Calculations
      • 4.1.8 Changes in GPE - Calculations
      • 4.1.9 Changes in EPE - Calculations
      • 4.1.10 Mechanical Work Done
      • 4.1.11 Mechanical Work Done - Equation
      • 4.1.12 Power
      • 4.1.13 Mechanical Work - Calculations
      • 4.1.14 Electrical Work Done- Calculations
    • 4.2 Energy Losses & Efficiency

      • 4.2.1 Energy Wastage
      • 4.2.2 Energy Transfer Diagrams
      • 4.2.3 Efficiency
      • 4.2.4 Reducing Unwanted Energy Transfer
      • 4.2.5 Efficiency - Calculations
      • 4.2.6 Grade 9 - Energy & Efficiency
      • 4.2.7 Exam-Style Questions - Energy & Power
    • 4.3 Energy Resources

      • 4.3.1 Energy Resources
      • 4.3.2 Fossil Fuels
      • 4.3.3 Geothermal Energy
      • 4.3.4 Wind Energy
      • 4.3.5 Water Energy
      • 4.3.6 Tidal Energy
      • 4.3.7 Nuclear Energy
      • 4.3.8 Solar Energy
      • 4.3.9 Non-Renewable & Renewable Resources
      • 4.3.10 Renewable Energy
      • 4.3.11 Limits to Renewable Energy Resources
      • 4.3.12 End of Topic Test - Energy
    • 4.4 Thermal Processes

      • 4.4.1 Radiation
      • 4.4.2 Conduction
      • 4.4.3 Molecular Conduction
      • 4.4.4 Convection Currents
      • 4.4.5 Convection Currents - Examples
  5. 5 Solids, Liquids & Gases

    • 5.1 Density & Pressure

      • 5.1.1 Density
      • 5.1.2 Density Equation
      • 5.1.3 Calculating Density
      • 5.1.4 Density - Calculations
      • 5.1.5 Pressure
      • 5.1.6 Atmospheric Pressure
      • 5.1.7 Pressure Difference
      • 5.1.8 Pressure - Calculations
    • 5.2 Changing State

      • 5.2.1 Changes of State
      • 5.2.2 States of Matter
      • 5.2.3 Specific Heat Capacity
      • 5.2.4 Exam-Style Questions - Specific Heat
      • 5.2.5 Internal Energy - Calculations
    • 5.3 Ideal Gases

      • 5.3.1 Kelvin Scale & Absolute Zero
      • 5.3.2 Temperature & the Kelvin Scale
      • 5.3.3 Properties of Gases
      • 5.3.4 Temperature Increase in a Gas
      • 5.3.5 End of Topic Test - Solids, Liquids & Gases
      • 5.3.6 Grade 9 - Solids, Liquids & Gases
  6. 6 Magnetism & Electromagnetism

    • 6.1 Magnetism

      • 6.1.1 Magnetism
      • 6.1.2 Magnetic Materials
      • 6.1.3 Hard & Soft Magnets
      • 6.1.4 Induced Magnetism
      • 6.1.5 Magnetic Forces
      • 6.1.6 Magnetic Field Patterns
      • 6.1.7 Exam-Style Questions - Magnetic Fields
    • 6.2 Electromagnetism

      • 6.2.1 The Magnetic Effect of a Current
      • 6.2.2 Magnetic Field around a Coil of Wire
      • 6.2.3 Magnetic Field Strength
      • 6.2.4 The Motor Effect
      • 6.2.5 Direction of the Motor Effect
      • 6.2.6 The Catapult Experiment
      • 6.2.7 Force on a Current Carrying Wire
      • 6.2.8 DC Motors
      • 6.2.9 Loudspeakers
    • 6.3 Electromagnetic Induction

      • 6.3.1 Electromagnetic Induction
      • 6.3.2 Induced Potential Difference
      • 6.3.3 Alternating Current - The Rotating-Coil Generator
    • 6.4 Transformers

      • 6.4.1 Transformers
      • 6.4.2 Transformer Equation
      • 6.4.3 Step-Up & Step-Down Transformers
      • 6.4.4 Principles of Transformer Operation
      • 6.4.5 High-Voltage Transmission & Transformers
      • 6.4.6 Transformers - Calculations
      • 6.4.7 Transformers 2 - Calculations
      • 6.4.8 Energy in Transformers
      • 6.4.9 Power Losses in Cables
      • 6.4.10 End of Topic Test - Magnetism
      • 6.4.11 Grade 9 - Transformers
      • 6.4.12 Exam-Style Questions - Transformers
  7. 7 Radioactivity & Particles

    • 7.1 Atoms

      • 7.1.1 Atomic Model
      • 7.1.2 Structure of an Atom
      • 7.1.3 The Charges of Sub-Atomic Particles
      • 7.1.4 Alpha Particles
      • 7.1.5 The Model of the Atom
      • 7.1.6 Proton & Nucleon Numbers
      • 7.1.7 Atoms & Ions
      • 7.1.8 Isotopes 1
      • 7.1.9 Isotopes 2
      • 7.1.10 Carbon Nuclides
    • 7.2 Radioactivity

      • 7.2.1 Radioactive Decay
      • 7.2.2 Types of Radiation
      • 7.2.3 Three Types of Emission
      • 7.2.4 Ionising vs Penetration
      • 7.2.5 Nuclear Fission
      • 7.2.6 Nuclear Reactors
      • 7.2.7 Nuclear Fission - Uncontrolled Chain Reaction
      • 7.2.8 Radioactive Decay
      • 7.2.9 Decay Equations
      • 7.2.10 Nuclear Fission Equation
      • 7.2.11 Half Life & Background Radiation
      • 7.2.12 Measuring Half-Life From a Graph
      • 7.2.13 Background Radiation
      • 7.2.14 Practical Applications of Radiation
      • 7.2.15 Ions & Ionising Radiation
      • 7.2.16 Safety Precautions
      • 7.2.17 Peer Review
      • 7.2.18 End of Topic Test - Radioactivity & Particles
      • 7.2.19 Grade 9 - Radioactivity & Particles
      • 7.2.20 Exam-Style Questions - Radioactive Decay
  8. 8 Astrophysics

    • 8.1 Motion in the Universe

      • 8.1.1 The Solar System
      • 8.1.2 Gravitational Field Strength
      • 8.1.3 Orbits
      • 8.1.4 Orbital Motion
    • 8.2 Evolution of Stars

      • 8.2.1 Life Cycle of a Star like the Sun
      • 8.2.2 Life Cycle of a Star Much Bigger than the Sun
      • 8.2.3 Absolute Magnitude
      • 8.2.4 Hertzsprung-Russell Diagrams
      • 8.2.5 Exam-Style Questions - Life Cycle of a Star
    • 8.3 Cosmology

      • 8.3.1 The Big Bang
      • 8.3.2 Evidence for the Big Bang
      • 8.3.3 CMB Radiation
      • 8.3.4 End of Topic Test - Astrophysics

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