Non-Fossil Fuels 2

Geography: Edexcel A Level, topic 8.3.3

Energy Mix in the UK

The UK is increasing its use of renewable energy (particularly solar and wind) and cutting down on fossil fuels.

Wind energy is projected to provide 25% of the UK’s energy by 2020.
By August 2018, there were 8,911 wind turbines in the UK.
They are located in areas with good wind speed, often on top of hills or just offshore.
60% of the UK's energy from wind is produced in Scotland.
It is currently supported by government subsidies to ensure expanded use.

A new generation of nuclear power stations is being established.
E.g. Hinkley Point C will provide the UK with 7% of its energy needs.
Nuclear power is controversial in the public eye because it would pose risks to human health if there were a leakage or explosion.

Radical technologies are newer alternative approaches for a more sustainable future in terms of fuel and carbon emissions.

Carbon dioxide is captured from emissions from coal or gas-fired power plants.
It is then compressed and transported by pipeline and injected (in liquid form) into underground reserves, such as depleted gas fields.
The CO₂ solution turns basalt into white chalky calcites that fills the rock’s pores.
In theory, this method could reduce carbon emission by 19%, but it is currently quite expensive and controversial.
There are currently 16 operating plants in the world.

When hydrogen is separated from other elements by electricity, it produces hydrogen by itself which you can burn.
This hydrogen can be used as an alternative to oil and is more energy efficient in vehicles.

Problems with electric cars included their price and limited distance range between charges (100-150 miles).
But the newest electric cars by Tesla can extend over 200 miles and are cheaper, though still around £25,000.