1.1.5
Sauce Making, Tenderising & Marinating
Sauce Making
Sauce Making
We use sauces to accompany meals as well as in the meals themselves. We can use sauces in both sweet and savoury dishes.
![Illustrative background for Common ingredients](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/5e88c3fb-487c-48a4-b256-d843c00f8986/bake-599521_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
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Common ingredients
Common ingredients
- Most sauces contain one or more of these ingredients:
- Flour.
- Eggs.
- Stock.
- Sugar.
- Cream.
- Butter.
- Cornflour.
- Milk.
![Illustrative background for Emulsion sauces](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/a015d156-7109-4b53-8103-0d50ab653db3/mustard-2942596_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Emulsion sauces ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/a015d156-7109-4b53-8103-0d50ab653db3/mustard-2942596_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Emulsion sauces
Emulsion sauces
- Technique - shake watery and oily liquids together to create emulsions. Use an emulsifier to keep the water and oil together in a stable emulsion.
- Examples - vinaigrette.
![Illustrative background for Reduction sauces](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/195621f2-ab83-4c57-bcbf-0bb9ed9fbd97/abstract-1239043_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Reduction sauces ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/195621f2-ab83-4c57-bcbf-0bb9ed9fbd97/abstract-1239043_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Reduction sauces
Reduction sauces
- Technique - simmer liquid-based dishes (like soups and sauces) to evaporate the water and thicken them.
- Examples - gravy, curry sauce, meat sauce, tomato pasta sauce.
Starch Based Sauce Making
Starch Based Sauce Making
We can thicken starchy sauces by the process of gelatinisation.
![Illustrative background for Roux](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/ecf02332-bc39-4471-abdb-9c3828a4cf71/konigsberg-996123_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Roux ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/ecf02332-bc39-4471-abdb-9c3828a4cf71/konigsberg-996123_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Roux
Roux
- In a pan, mix melted butter and plain flour to create a roux. This will be used as the sauce's base. The roux will add flavour and thickness to the sauce.
- Stir until you've cooked the flour.
- Pour liquid in slowly to form the sauce. Continuously stir to stop lumps from forming.
- Simmer.
- Add the remaining ingredients.
![Illustrative background for Blended sauce](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/099e9c31-2f1a-43cd-b574-e4af468e9272/pot-2943443_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Blended sauce ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/099e9c31-2f1a-43cd-b574-e4af468e9272/pot-2943443_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Blended sauce
Blended sauce
- Make a paste by mixing cornflour with a small quantity of water or milk.
- To form a sauce, heat extra liquid and add.
- Heat until the sauce thickens sufficiently.
![Illustrative background for All-in-one sauce](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/25bf3c9d-c4bd-4ec7-9d9a-3ef4a67ca673/pot-820012_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for All-in-one sauce ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/25bf3c9d-c4bd-4ec7-9d9a-3ef4a67ca673/pot-820012_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
All-in-one sauce
All-in-one sauce
- Place all ingredients in one go into your saucepan.
- Stir your sauce over a medium heat.
- Stop when it begins to thicken and bubble.
![Illustrative background for Infused velouté sauce](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/cd195b96-7e8a-4ce0-b985-78fec6317068/salad-1330609_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Infused velouté sauce ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/cd195b96-7e8a-4ce0-b985-78fec6317068/salad-1330609_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Infused velouté sauce
Infused velouté sauce
- Follow the instructions for making a roux sauce, but replace the milk with white stock.
![Illustrative background for Béchamel sauce](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/d8ed3fd4-18ea-443b-9c4f-acb7a104286c/clove-1326474_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Béchamel sauce ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/d8ed3fd4-18ea-443b-9c4f-acb7a104286c/clove-1326474_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Béchamel sauce
Béchamel sauce
- Follow the instructions for making a roux sauce, but simmer ingredients like onions and cloves with the milk.
![Illustrative background for Thickness](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/8f191065-f5d8-4d65-acd8-3183c0271e43/pasta-2973006_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Thickness ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/8f191065-f5d8-4d65-acd8-3183c0271e43/pasta-2973006_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Thickness
Thickness
- The more liquid you use to make a sauce, the thinner the sauce will be.
- E.g. you'll want to make a pouring sauce (like cheese sauce or gravy) thinner than a binding sauce (like roux sauce).
Tenderise and Marinate
Tenderise and Marinate
To marinate foods, we soak them in liquids - usually seasoned with herbs and spices - before cooking. Fish, meat and vegetables are commonly marinated.
![Illustrative background for Acids in marinades](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/395c88da-dfef-45ac-b05d-42dd3d134dd7/lemon-3416968_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Acids in marinades ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/395c88da-dfef-45ac-b05d-42dd3d134dd7/lemon-3416968_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Acids in marinades
Acids in marinades
- We can marinate foods by soaking them in liquids containing acidic substances.
- The acids denature proteins, tenderising meats.
![Illustrative background for Flavour and moisture](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/10127d91-516c-42e7-8fe0-ee6fddd51551/grilling-3395056_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
![Illustrative background for Flavour and moisture ?? "content](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/10127d91-516c-42e7-8fe0-ee6fddd51551/grilling-3395056_1920,h_400,q_80,w_640.jpg)
Flavour and moisture
Flavour and moisture
- We marinate foods to enhance flavours and add moisture.
- Examples - barbecue (e.g. barbecue pork), tandoori (e.g. tandoori fish), pesto (e.g. chicken), teriyaki (e.g. pork), honey mustard (e.g. chicken).
1Food Preparation Skills
1.1Food Preparation Skills
1.1.1General Practical Skills
1.1.2Knife Skills
1.1.3Preparing Fruit, Vegetables & Using Equipment
1.1.4Cooking Methods: Prepare, Shape & Combine
1.1.5Sauce Making, Tenderising & Marinating
1.1.6Dough & Pastry
1.1.7Shaping & Finishing Dough
1.1.8Raising Agents & Mixtures
1.1.9End of Topic Test - Food Preparation Skills 1
2Food, Nutrition & Health
2.2Micronutrients
3Food Science
3.1Cooking of Food & Heat Transfer
3.2Functional & Chemical Properties of Food
4Food Safety
4.1Food Spoilage & Contamination
5Food Choice
5.1Factors Affecting Food Choice
5.2British & International Cuisines
6Food Provenance
6.1Environmental Impact & Sustainability of Food
6.1.1Food Sources - Intensive & Organic Farming
6.1.2Food Sources - Genetically Modified Crops
6.1.3Food Sources - Reared Food
6.1.4Food Sources - Caught Food
6.1.5Food & The Environment
6.1.6Food & The Environment 2
6.1.7Sustainability of Food
6.1.8Sustainability of Food 2
6.1.9End of Topic Test - Environmental Impacts
Jump to other topics
1Food Preparation Skills
1.1Food Preparation Skills
1.1.1General Practical Skills
1.1.2Knife Skills
1.1.3Preparing Fruit, Vegetables & Using Equipment
1.1.4Cooking Methods: Prepare, Shape & Combine
1.1.5Sauce Making, Tenderising & Marinating
1.1.6Dough & Pastry
1.1.7Shaping & Finishing Dough
1.1.8Raising Agents & Mixtures
1.1.9End of Topic Test - Food Preparation Skills 1
2Food, Nutrition & Health
2.2Micronutrients
3Food Science
3.1Cooking of Food & Heat Transfer
3.2Functional & Chemical Properties of Food
4Food Safety
4.1Food Spoilage & Contamination
5Food Choice
5.1Factors Affecting Food Choice
5.2British & International Cuisines
6Food Provenance
6.1Environmental Impact & Sustainability of Food
6.1.1Food Sources - Intensive & Organic Farming
6.1.2Food Sources - Genetically Modified Crops
6.1.3Food Sources - Reared Food
6.1.4Food Sources - Caught Food
6.1.5Food & The Environment
6.1.6Food & The Environment 2
6.1.7Sustainability of Food
6.1.8Sustainability of Food 2
6.1.9End of Topic Test - Environmental Impacts
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