2.5.5

Relations & Business with Iran

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The British Exploitation of Iran

Iran was not officially part of the British Empire. However, Britain and its private companies had a huge influence on Iranian (Persian) society.

Baron de Reuter

Baron de Reuter

In 1872, Baron de Reuter privately bought the rights to Iran's banks, currency, transportation infrastructure, and communication industries (including the telegraph system).
This was an unprecedented deal completed by a British businessman, rather than the British government.

The Iranian sale of their industries

The Iranian sale of their industries

The Shah was the monarch who ruled Iran.
In 1891, the Shah sold Iran's tobacco industry to British businessmen for £15,000. The British company, Imperial Tobacco now owned all shops selling tobacco in Iran.
In 1901, the Shah sold the rights to all Iranian oil to a British business, the Anglo Iranian Oil Company. This lease would last for 60 years.
- There was uproar and an Iranian Parliament called the Majlis was created as a result.

1

High Water Mark of the British Empire, 1857-1914

1.1

Development of Imperialism, 1857-1890

1.1.1Empires over Time 1.1.2Key Questions About Empires 1.1.3Expansion into Africa 1.1.4History of Egypt 1.1.5Control of Egypt 1.1.6Control of Sudan

1.2

Imperial & Colonial Policy, 1857-1890

1.2.1The British Empire & India 1.2.2The British Raj 1.2.3International Relations with other Powers 1.2.4Scramble for Africa 1.2.5The Informal Empire

1.3

Trade & Commerce, 1857-1890

1.3.1Trade & Commerce in the Empire 1.3.2Infrastructure of Trade & Commerce 1.3.3Products of Trade & Commerce

1.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1857-1890

1.4.1Explorers 1.4.2Missionaries 1.4.3Traders & Colonial Administrators 1.4.4Government Attitudes Towards Imperialism

1.5

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1857-1890

1.5.1Relations with India 1.5.2Relations with South Africa 1.5.3British-Boer Relations

2

Imperial Consolidation & Liberal Rule, 1890-1914

2.1

Consolidation & Expansion in Africa, 1890-1914

2.1.1Consolidation & Expansion into Africa 2.1.2Consolidation & Expansion in South Africa 2.1.3Historical Interpretations: Expansion into Africa

2.2

Imperial & Colonial Policy, 1890-1914

2.2.1Policy in India 2.2.2Policy in Egypt 2.2.3Native Policy in Colonies 2.2.4International Relations with Other Powers

2.3

Trade & Commerce, 1890-1914

2.3.1The Benefits of Trade 2.3.2Costs of the Empire 2.3.3Debates Over Trade

2.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1890-1914

2.4.1Key Administrators - Chamberlain & Rhodes 2.4.2Key Administrators - Baring & Milner 2.4.3Key Administrators - Curzon 2.4.4Government Attitudes to the Empire 2.4.5National Efficiency & the Boer War 2.4.6Popular Attitudes Towards Imperialism

2.5

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1890-1914

2.5.1Challenges in India 2.5.2Challenges in Africa 2.5.3Challenges in South Africa 2.5.4Historical Interpretations of the Boer War 2.5.5Relations & Business with Iran

3

Imperialism Challenged, 1914-1967

3.1

Expansion & Contraction of Empire, 1914-1947

3.1.1Impact of WW1 3.1.2Palestine 3.1.3Ireland & WW1 3.1.4Impact of WW2 on the British Empire

3.2

Colonial Policy & Administration, 1914-1947

3.2.1Administration in India & Palestine 3.2.2Administration in Iraq & the Dominions 3.2.3Imperial Defence

3.3

Trade, Commerce & Economic Impact of War

3.3.1Economic Impact of WW1 3.3.2Inter-War Trade & Commerce 3.3.3Economic Impact of WW2

3.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1890-1914

3.4.1Colonial Administrators 3.4.2Trusteeship 3.4.3Gandhi 3.4.4Montagu, Haig & Linlithgow 3.4.5Cameron, Mitchell, Cohen & Furse - African Admins 3.4.6Imperialist Ideals

3.5

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1914-1947

3.5.1Ireland & India 1914-1947 3.5.2The Middle East and Africa

4

The Wind of Change, 1947-1967

4.1

Decolonisation in Africa & Asia, 1947-1967

4.1.1Reasons for Decolonisation 4.1.2Decolonisation in East & West Africa 4.1.3Decolonisation in Central & South Africa 4.1.4Decolonisation in Asia

4.2

Colonial Policy & Administration, 1947-1967

4.2.1Relations & Business with Iran after WW2 4.2.2The 'Winds of Change'4.2.3The Suez Canal Crisis - 1956 4.2.4International Relations 1947-1967

4.3

Trade & Commerce, 1947-1967

4.3.1The Economic Impact of WW2

4.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1947-1967

4.4.1Colonial Administrators: Cohen & Arden-Clarke 4.4.2Local Leaders in the Independence Movement 4.4.3Pan-Africanism in Nationalism

4.5

Post-Colonial Ties, 1947-1967

4.5.1Windrush & Immigration 4.5.2Commonwealth Immigrants Act 4.5.3Residual Impact of the Empire

4.6

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1947-1967

4.6.1Challenges to Colonial Rule Post 1947 4.6.2Kenya & the Mau Mau Uprising 4.6.3Nigeria & Rhodesia

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1

High Water Mark of the British Empire, 1857-1914

1.1

Development of Imperialism, 1857-1890

1.1.1Empires over Time 1.1.2Key Questions About Empires 1.1.3Expansion into Africa 1.1.4History of Egypt 1.1.5Control of Egypt 1.1.6Control of Sudan

1.2

Imperial & Colonial Policy, 1857-1890

1.2.1The British Empire & India 1.2.2The British Raj 1.2.3International Relations with other Powers 1.2.4Scramble for Africa 1.2.5The Informal Empire

1.3

Trade & Commerce, 1857-1890

1.3.1Trade & Commerce in the Empire 1.3.2Infrastructure of Trade & Commerce 1.3.3Products of Trade & Commerce

1.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1857-1890

1.4.1Explorers 1.4.2Missionaries 1.4.3Traders & Colonial Administrators 1.4.4Government Attitudes Towards Imperialism

1.5

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1857-1890

1.5.1Relations with India 1.5.2Relations with South Africa 1.5.3British-Boer Relations

2

Imperial Consolidation & Liberal Rule, 1890-1914

2.1

Consolidation & Expansion in Africa, 1890-1914

2.1.1Consolidation & Expansion into Africa 2.1.2Consolidation & Expansion in South Africa 2.1.3Historical Interpretations: Expansion into Africa

2.2

Imperial & Colonial Policy, 1890-1914

2.2.1Policy in India 2.2.2Policy in Egypt 2.2.3Native Policy in Colonies 2.2.4International Relations with Other Powers

2.3

Trade & Commerce, 1890-1914

2.3.1The Benefits of Trade 2.3.2Costs of the Empire 2.3.3Debates Over Trade

2.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1890-1914

2.4.1Key Administrators - Chamberlain & Rhodes 2.4.2Key Administrators - Baring & Milner 2.4.3Key Administrators - Curzon 2.4.4Government Attitudes to the Empire 2.4.5National Efficiency & the Boer War 2.4.6Popular Attitudes Towards Imperialism

2.5

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1890-1914

2.5.1Challenges in India 2.5.2Challenges in Africa 2.5.3Challenges in South Africa 2.5.4Historical Interpretations of the Boer War 2.5.5Relations & Business with Iran

3

Imperialism Challenged, 1914-1967

3.1

Expansion & Contraction of Empire, 1914-1947

3.1.1Impact of WW1 3.1.2Palestine 3.1.3Ireland & WW1 3.1.4Impact of WW2 on the British Empire

3.2

Colonial Policy & Administration, 1914-1947

3.2.1Administration in India & Palestine 3.2.2Administration in Iraq & the Dominions 3.2.3Imperial Defence

3.3

Trade, Commerce & Economic Impact of War

3.3.1Economic Impact of WW1 3.3.2Inter-War Trade & Commerce 3.3.3Economic Impact of WW2

3.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1890-1914

3.4.1Colonial Administrators 3.4.2Trusteeship 3.4.3Gandhi 3.4.4Montagu, Haig & Linlithgow 3.4.5Cameron, Mitchell, Cohen & Furse - African Admins 3.4.6Imperialist Ideals

3.5

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1914-1947

3.5.1Ireland & India 1914-1947 3.5.2The Middle East and Africa

4

The Wind of Change, 1947-1967

4.1

Decolonisation in Africa & Asia, 1947-1967

4.1.1Reasons for Decolonisation 4.1.2Decolonisation in East & West Africa 4.1.3Decolonisation in Central & South Africa 4.1.4Decolonisation in Asia

4.2

Colonial Policy & Administration, 1947-1967

4.2.1Relations & Business with Iran after WW2 4.2.2The 'Winds of Change'4.2.3The Suez Canal Crisis - 1956 4.2.4International Relations 1947-1967

4.3

Trade & Commerce, 1947-1967

4.3.1The Economic Impact of WW2

4.4

Attitudes Towards the Empire, 1947-1967

4.4.1Colonial Administrators: Cohen & Arden-Clarke 4.4.2Local Leaders in the Independence Movement 4.4.3Pan-Africanism in Nationalism

4.5

Post-Colonial Ties, 1947-1967

4.5.1Windrush & Immigration 4.5.2Commonwealth Immigrants Act 4.5.3Residual Impact of the Empire

4.6

Relations with Indigenous Peoples, 1947-1967

4.6.1Challenges to Colonial Rule Post 1947 4.6.2Kenya & the Mau Mau Uprising 4.6.3Nigeria & Rhodesia

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Historical Interpretations of the Boer War

Impact of WW1