State & Quality

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Acy - State

Words ending in 'acy' are generally nouns of state or quality.

Democracy

A democracy has the quality of being democratic. In other words, power is held by elected officials or by the people themselves. We can use the term democracy to talk about a ruling system or country.
- Example: There are elections every four years in the UK because it is a democracy.
- Alternative: There are elections every four years in the UK because power is held by elected officials.

Supremacy

Supremacy is the position of being at the top or better than everyone else in terms of power or status.
- Example: Hitler had supremacy in Nazi Germany.
- Alternative: Hitler had total power in Nazi Germany.

Delicacy

Delicacy is the state of being or looking easily breakable or precious. In other words, the state of being delicate.
- Example: Because of their delicacy, the vases needed to be handled carefully.
- Alternative: Because they could break easily, the vases needed to be handled carefully.

Autocracy

An autocracy is a form of government in which one person or a group has total power. It can also mean a country with this ruling system.
- Example: The leader wanted to have absolute power, so he turned his country into an autocracy.
- Alternative: The leader wanted to have absolute power, so he turned his country into a one-leader state.

Privacy

Privacy is the state of being alone or in private.
- Example: After a busy week of seeing friends, Jenny longed for some privacy.
- Alternative: After a busy week of seeing friends, Jenny longed for some alone time.

Ity - Quality Of

Words ending in 'ity' generally mean having the quality of something.

Serenity

Serenity is the state of being serene (calm).
- Example: Jacqueline experienced serenity on her yoga retreat.
- Alternative: Jacqueline experienced total calmness on her yoga retreat.

Inactivity

Inactivity is the state of doing nothing or being inactive.
- Example: Terence was starting to gain weight because of his inactivity.
- Alternative: Terence was starting to gain weight because he was doing nothing.

Enormity

Enormity is the great size or significance of something.
- Example: Eugene was put off by the enormity of the task.
- Alternative: Eugene was put off by the size of the task.

Validity

Validity is the quality of being true or sound.
- Example: The psychologist confirmed that the results had validity.
- Alternative: The psychologist confirmed that the results were true.

Ness - State of Being

Words ending in 'ness' generally indicate a certain state.

Happiness

Happiness is the state of being happy.
- Example: Shannon was in complete happiness on holiday.
- Alternative: Shannon was in such a happy state on holiday.

Sadness

Sadness is the state of being sad.
- Example: Esme was filled with such sadness after her colleague left work that she had to leave too.
- Alternative: Esme became so unhappy after her colleague left work that she had to leave too.

Readiness

Readiness is the state of being ready.
- Example: Gus' readiness to get married was surprising.
- Alternative: Gus' eagerness to get married was surprising.

Rudeness

Rudeness is the act of not showing manners.
- Example: Ben was known for his rudeness in public.
- Alternative: Ben was known for being rude in public.

Preparedness

Preparedness is the state of being prepared.
- Example: The German army showed great preparedness for war.
- Alternative: The German army proved to be very prepared for war.

1Spelling

1.1Spelling

1.1.1Hard 'U' & 'I' Sounds

1.1.2Words Ending in '-sure', & '-mure'

1.1.3Words Ending in '-sion'

1.1.4'Ei', 'Eigh' & 'Ey' Spellings

1.1.5Spelling Words with 'Ch'

1.1.6Spelling Words with 'Sc'

1.1.7Silent Letters

1.1.8i Before e Rule

1.1.9Hard & Soft 'c' Sounds

1.1.10End of Topic Test - Spelling

1.2Prefixes

1.2.1'Anti-' & 'Auto-'

1.2.2Not & 'Inter-'

1.2.3'Mis-', 'Dis-' & 'Re-'

1.2.4'Sub-' & 'Super-'

1.2.5End of Topic Test - Prefixes

1.3Suffixes

1.3.1Vowel Suffixes

1.3.2Short Vowel Suffixes

1.3.3Suffixes: '-ous'

1.3.4Rules for Suffixes: '-ous'

1.3.5Rules for Suffixes: '-ous' 2

1.3.6Suffixes: '-ly'

1.3.7Suffixes: '-ation'

1.3.8Suffixes: '-ation' 2

1.3.9Spelling: '-tion' Endings

1.3.10Spelling: '-sion' Endings

1.3.11Spelling: '-ssion' Endings

1.3.12Spelling: '-cian' Endings

1.3.13End of Topic Test - Suffixes

1.3.14End of Topic Test - Spelling

1.4Making Words Plural

1.4.1Plurals

1.4.2End of Topic Test - Plurals

1.5Homophones

1.6Word Meanings

1.6.1Homonyms

1.6.2End of Topic Test - Homonyms

2Punctuation

3Grammar

3.1Word Classes

3.1.1Nouns

3.1.2Pronouns

3.1.3Verbs

3.1.4Adjectives & Adverbs

3.1.5Qualifiers & Quantifiers

3.1.6Determiners

3.1.7Prepositions

3.1.8Synonyms & Antonyms

3.1.9End of Topic Test - Word Classes

3.2Conjunctions

3.2.1Coordinating Conjunctions

3.2.2Subordinating Conjunctions

3.2.3End of Topic Test - Conjunctions

3.3Writing Coherently

3.3.1Building Cohesion in Writing

3.3.2Avoiding Ambiguity in Writing

3.3.3End of Topic Test - Cohesion

3.4Verbs

3.4.1Subject-verb Agreement

3.4.2End of Topic Test - Subject-verb

3.5Modal Verbs

3.5.1Modal Verbs

3.5.2Can & Could

3.5.3May & Might

3.5.4Should & Shall

3.5.5Will & Would

3.5.6Must & Have To

3.5.7End of Topic Test - Modals

3.6Phrasal Verbs

3.6.1Phrasal Verbs

3.6.2End of Topic Test - Phrasal Verbs

3.7Subjunctive Verbs

3.7.1Subjunctive Verbs

3.7.2End of Topic Test - Verbs

3.8Sentences

3.8.1Subject of a Sentence

3.8.2Object of a Sentence

3.8.3Main & Subordinate Clauses

3.8.4Simple Sentences & Compound Sentences

3.8.5Complex Sentences

3.8.6Relative Clauses

3.8.7Relative Clauses Without Relative Pronouns

3.8.8Participle Clauses

3.8.9Run-on Sentences

3.8.10Sentence Functions

3.8.11End of Topic Test - Sentences

3.9Tenses

3.9.1Present Tense

3.9.2Past Tense

3.9.3Past Tense Using Have

3.9.4Future Tense

3.9.5Present vs Past vs Future

3.9.6Continuity of Tenses

3.9.7End of Topic Test - Tenses

3.10Adverbials

3.10.1Adverbial

3.10.2Saying Where & When

3.10.3Saying How Often

3.10.4Saying How & Why

3.10.5Using Commas for Fronted Adverbials

3.10.6End of Topic Test - Adverbials

3.11Language Techniques

3.11.1Figurative & Emotive Language

3.11.2Active & Passive Voice

3.11.3Idiomatic Expressions

3.11.4End of Topic Test - Language Techniques

4Decoding Words

4.1Common Word Roots

4.1.1Saving

4.1.2Certainty & Clarity

4.1.3New & Alone

4.1.4Believing & Thinking

4.1.5Carrying & Leading

4.1.6Shape & Place

4.1.7Doing & Making

4.1.8Climbing & Going

4.1.9End of Topic Test - Common Root Words

4.1.10End of Topic Test - Common Root Words 2

4.2Common Prefixes

4.2.1For & Against

4.2.2All & Same

4.2.3Away & Far

4.2.4Colour & Shape

4.2.5Back & Down

4.2.6Numbers

4.2.7Across & Through

4.2.8Life & Earth

4.2.9Empty & Broken

4.2.10Great & Greater

4.2.11Hearing & Speaking

4.2.12Apart & Together

4.2.13Over & Under

4.2.14In

4.2.15Less & Smaller

4.2.16Before & After

4.2.17End of Topic Test - Common Prefixes 2

4.2.18End of Topic Test - Common Prefixes

4.3Common Suffixes

4.3.1Characterised By

4.3.2Disease

4.3.3Lover & Lacking

4.3.4Belief & Study

4.3.5People

4.3.6State & Quality

4.3.7Sound & Colour

4.3.8Capable & Relating

4.3.9End of Topic Test - Common Suffixes

4.3.10End of Topic Test - Common Suffixes 2

5Reading & Writing

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