5.3.22

Decelerations

Test yourself

Work Done when Braking

When we push the brake pedal, brake pads are pressed onto the wheels. This contact causes friction. This causes work to be done. The work done between the brakes and the wheels converts (changes) energy from kinetic energy in the wheels to thermal energy in the brakes. The temperature of the brakes then increases.

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Higher speed

  • The greater the speed of a vehicle, the greater the braking force needed to stop the vehicle before a certain distance.
    • This means that more work needs to be done on the brakes to stop the car.
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Higher mass

  • The greater the mass of the vehicle, the greater the braking force needed to stop the vehicle. This means that more work needs to be done on the brakes to stop the car.
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Higher grip

  • For the same work done, the stopping distance will decrease if the force (grip) between the road and the vehicle increases.
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Estimating forces

  • When a car comes to a stop, the work done by the brakes must equal the initial kinetic energy of the car.
  • Work done = initial kinetic energy.
  • F d = 12 m v2.
  • We can use this equation to estimate the force applied by the brakes.

Jump to other topics

1Energy

2Electricity

3Particle Model of Matter

4Atoms & Radiation

5Forces

5.1Basics of Motion

5.2Forces

5.3Effects of Forces

5.4Pressure

6Waves

7Magnetism

8Astrophysics

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