Welcome to Seneca Revision Notes

1.1.1Energy Stores

1.1.2Energy Storing

1.1.3Internal Energy

1.1.4Kinetic Energy Storage

1.1.5Gravitational Potential Energy Storage

1.1.6Elastic Potential Energy Storage

1.1.7Calculating Changes in Energy

1.1.8Changes in Kinetic Energy - Calculations

1.1.9Changes in GPE - Calculations

1.1.10Changes in EPE - Calculations

1.1.11Energy Transfers

1.1.12Energy Transfer Examples

1.1.13Conservation of Energy

1.1.14Mechanical Work Done

1.1.15Mechanical Work Done Equation

1.1.16Mechanical Work - Calculations

1.1.17Electrical Work Done

1.1.18Power

1.1.19Electrical Work Done- Calculations

1.2.1Energy Wastage

1.2.2Energy Efficiency

1.2.3Reducing Energy Loss

1.2.4Power & Energy Transfer

1.2.5Efficiency - Calculations

1.2.6Grade 9 - Energy & Efficiency

1.3.1Energy Resources

1.3.2Fossil Fuels

1.3.3Geothermal Energy

1.3.4Wind Energy

1.3.5Water Energy

1.3.6Tidal Energy

1.3.7Nuclear Energy

1.3.8Solar Energy

1.3.9Original Source of Energy

1.3.10Non-Renewable & Renewable Resources

1.3.11Uses of Energy Sources

1.3.12Changing Electricity Use

1.3.13Renewable Energy

1.3.14Limits to Renewable Energy Resources

1.3.15End of Topic Test - Energy

1.3.16Exam-Style Questions - Energy

2.1.1Circuit Diagrams

2.1.2Circuit Symbols

2.1.3Current

2.1.4Current Equation

2.1.5Current - Calculations

2.1.6Conductors

2.1.7Electrical Conductors - Electrons

2.1.8Potential Difference

2.1.9Voltage Equation

2.1.10Measurements in Circuit

2.1.11Voltage - Calculations

2.2.1Resistance

2.2.2Measuring Resistance

2.2.3Resistance Graph

2.2.4Diodes

2.2.5LDRs & Thermistors

2.2.6Electrical Work

2.2.7Power

2.2.8Ohm's Law

2.2.9Ohm's Law - Equation

2.2.10Resistance & Ohms Law - Calculations

2.2.11Electrical Work - Calculations

2.3.1Series Circuits

2.3.2Resistors

2.3.3Cells in Series

2.3.4Series Circuits - Calculations

2.3.5Parallel Circuits

2.3.6Parallel Current

2.3.7Parallel Resistance

2.3.8Lights in Parallel

2.3.9Parallel Circuits - Calculations

2.3.10Grade 9 - Circuits

2.3.11Exam-Style Questions - Electricity

2.4.1AC/DC

2.4.2Mains Electricity

2.4.3Power Ratings

2.4.4National Grid

2.4.5Domestic Uses - Calculations

2.4.6Fuses & Circuit Breakers

2.4.7Fuse Ratings

2.4.8Earthing

2.4.9Dangers of the Live Wire

2.4.10End of Topic Test - Electricity

2.5.1Electrical Charge

2.5.2Charging an Object

2.5.3Charged Objects

2.5.4Static Electricity

2.5.5Electric Fields

2.5.6Field Diagrams

3.1.1Atomic Model

3.1.2Atomic Structure

3.1.3Sub-Atomic Particles

3.1.4Models of the Atom

3.1.5Alpha Particles

3.1.6Electron Arrangements

3.1.7Density

3.1.8Density Equation

3.1.9Density & the Particle Model

3.1.10Density - Calculations

3.1.11Changes of State

3.1.12Melting & Boiling

3.1.13Exam-Style Questions - Density

3.1.14Required Practical - Density

3.2.1Internal Energy

3.2.2Change in Thermal Energy

3.2.3Required Practical - Specific Heat Capacity

3.2.4Equation for Heat Capacity

3.2.5Leslie's Cube

3.2.6Internal Energy - Calculations

3.2.7Melting & Boiling

3.2.8Latent Heat

3.2.9Energy Change for Change of State

3.2.10Latent Heat - Calculations

3.2.11Required Practical - Latent Heat

3.2.12Specific Latent Heat of Vaporisation

3.3.1States of Matter

3.3.2Properties of Gases

3.3.3Temperature Increase in a Gas

3.3.4Work Done on a Gas

3.3.5End of Topic Test - Particle Model of Matter

3.3.6Grade 9 - Particle Model of Matter

3.3.7Exam-Style Questions - Specific Heat Capacity

4.1.1Atomic Model

4.1.2Structure of an Atom

4.1.3Sub-Atomic Particles

4.1.4Alpha Particles

4.1.5The Model of the Atom

4.1.6Electron Arrangements

4.1.7Proton & Nucleon Numbers

4.1.8Atoms & Ions

4.1.9Isotopes 1

4.1.10Isotopes 2

4.1.11Carbon Nuclides

4.1.12Exam-Style Questions - Atomic Structure

4.2.1Radioactivity

4.2.2Types of Radiation

4.2.3Detection of Radiation

4.2.4Background Radiation

4.2.5Types of Radioactive Emission

4.2.6Ionising vs Penetration

4.2.7Practical Applications of Radiation

4.2.8Nuclear Fission

4.2.9Nuclear Fission 2

4.2.10Nuclear Fusion

4.2.11Radioactive Decay

4.2.12Radioactive Decay Equations

4.2.13Radioactive Decay Equations - Calculations

4.2.14Radioactive Decay

4.2.15Fission & Fusion Equations

4.2.16Half Lives

4.2.17Measuring Half Lives

4.2.18Ionising Radiation

4.2.19Half Life - Calculations

4.2.20Safety Precautions

4.2.21Uses for Isotopes With Different Half-lives

4.2.22Radioactive Contamination & Irradiation

4.2.23Types of Contamination

4.2.24Peer Review

4.2.25End of Topic Test - Atoms & Radiation

4.2.26Grade 9 - Radiation

4.2.27Exam-Style Questions - Radioactive Decay

4.2.28Required Practical - Radiation

5.1.1Velocity

5.1.2Average Speed

5.1.3Adding Vectors

5.1.4Acceleration

5.1.5Distance vs Displacement

5.1.6Contact & Non-Contact Forces

5.1.7Contact Forces - Examples

5.1.8Distance-Time Graphs

5.1.9Speed-Time Graphs

5.1.10Velocity - Time Graph

5.1.11Average Speed - Calculations

5.1.12Acceleration - Calculations

5.1.13Uniform Acceleration - Calculations

5.1.14Grade 9 - Motion

5.1.15Exam-Style Questions - Motion

5.2.1Mass & Inertia

5.2.2Weight

5.2.3Centre of Mass

5.2.4Gravity - Calculations

5.2.5Resultant Forces

5.2.6Newton's First Law

5.2.7Newton's Third Law

5.2.8Newton Second Law - Calculations

5.2.9Free Body Force Diagrams

5.2.10Free Body Diagram - Uses

5.2.11Components of Forces

5.2.12Free Body Diagrams - Calculations

5.2.13Stretching a Spring

5.2.14Elastic vs Inelastic Deformation

5.2.15Hooke's Law & Equation

5.2.16Hooke's Law - Equation

5.2.17Required Practical - Spring

5.2.18Hooke's Law - Calculations

5.2.19Elastic Potential Energy

5.2.20Elastic Potential Energy - Equation

5.2.21Elastic Potential - Calculations

5.2.22Exam-Style Questions - Elastic Potential Energy

5.3.1Free Fall

5.3.2Free Fall - Graphs

5.3.3Air Resistance & Friction

5.3.4Graphing Acceleration

5.3.5Motion with Air Resistance

5.3.6Momentum

5.3.7Momentum: Law of Conservation

5.3.8Force & Momentum Change

5.3.9Momentum - Equation

5.3.10Change in Momentum - Calculations

5.3.11Momentum - Calculations

5.3.12Turning Effect

5.3.13Moments

5.3.14Equilibrium

5.3.15Moments - Calculations

5.3.16Circular Motion

5.3.17Levers & Gears

5.3.18Gears

5.3.19Stopping Distance

5.3.20Factors Affecting Stopping Distance

5.3.21Factors Affecting Braking Distance

5.3.22Decelerations

5.3.23Dangers of Large Decelerations

5.3.24Stopping Distance - Calculations

5.4.1Pressure & Force on Container

5.4.2Atmospheric Pressure

5.4.3Liquid Pressure

5.4.4Pressure - Calculations

5.4.5Liquid Pressure - Calculations

5.4.6Upthrust

5.4.7Depth Control of Submarine

5.4.8Pressure Difference

5.4.9End of Topic Test - Forces

5.4.10Exam-Style Questions - Pressure

6.1.1Wave Basics

6.1.2Wave Speed Formula

6.1.3Wave Speed Equation

6.1.4Wave Speed - Calculations

6.1.5Wave Frequency Formula

6.1.6Wavelength & Amplitude

6.1.7Wave Frequency - Calculations

6.1.8Transverse Waves

6.1.9Longitudinal Wave

6.1.10Required Practical - Ripple Tank

6.2.1Waves at a Boundary

6.2.2Waves at a Boundary 2

6.2.3Reflection of Light

6.2.4Refraction of Light

6.2.5Refraction of Light 2

6.2.6Internal Reflection

6.3.1Sound Waves

6.3.2Sound Waves & our Ears

6.3.3Speed of Sound

6.3.4Required Practical - Speed of Sound

6.3.5Sound as a Wave

6.3.6Uses of Sound Waves: Ultrasound Waves

6.3.7Uses of Sound Waves: Earthquakes

6.3.8Sound Waves - Calculations

6.3.9End of Topic Test - Introduction to Waves

6.3.10Exam-Style Questions - Wave Speed

6.4.1Properties of Electromagnetic Waves

6.4.2Gamma Rays

6.4.3X-Rays

6.4.4UV Light

6.4.5Infrared Radiation

6.4.6Microwaves

6.4.7Radio Waves

6.4.8Properties 2

6.4.9Visible Light

6.4.10Visible Light 2

6.4.11Specular & Diffuse Reflection

6.4.12Colours

6.4.13Grade 9 - Waves

6.5.1Lenses

6.5.2Convex Lens

6.5.3Concave Lens

6.5.4Lenses - Calculations

6.5.5Images

6.5.6Ray Diagrams

6.5.7Ray Diagrams 2

6.6.1Infrared Radiation

6.6.2Radiation & Surface Colour

6.6.3Surface Area & Temperature

6.6.4Temperature

6.6.5Absorption & Emission

6.6.6Greenhouse Effect

6.6.7Energy Balance of the Earth

6.6.8End of Topic Test - EM Waves, Lenses & Heat

6.6.9Exam-Style Questions - EM Radiation

7.1.1Magnetism

7.1.2Magnetic Materials

7.1.3Induced Magnetism

7.1.4Magnetic Fields

7.1.5Magnetic Field Patterns

7.2.1The Magnetic Effect of a Current

7.2.2Solenoid Field

7.2.3Magnetic Field Strength

7.2.4Uses of Electromagnets

7.2.5Motor Effect

7.2.6Direction of Motor Effect

7.2.7Magnetic Flux Equation

7.2.8Magnetic Flux - Calculations

7.2.9Electric Motors

7.2.10Loudspeakers

7.2.11Force Acting on a Coil in a Magnetic Field

7.2.12Induced Potential Difference

7.2.13Increasing the Induced Potential Difference

7.2.14Magnetic Field Direction

7.2.15Forces Between Electricity & Magnets

7.2.16AC/DC

7.2.17AC Generators

7.2.18Generator Effect

7.2.19Microphones

7.3.1Transformers

7.3.2Transformer Equation

7.3.3Step-Up & Step-Down Transformers

7.3.4Principles of Transformer Operation

7.3.5High-Voltage Transmission & Transformers

7.3.6Energy in Transformers

7.3.7Power Losses in Cables

7.3.8Transformers - Calculations

7.3.9Transformers 2 - Calculations

7.3.10End of Topic Test - Magnetism

7.3.11Grade 9 - Transformers

7.3.12Exam-Style Questions - Magnetic Fields

8.1.1The Solar System

8.1.2The Sun

8.1.3The Solar System - Calculations

8.1.4Orbits

8.1.5Stable Orbits

8.1.6Orbits HyperLearning

8.1.7Life Cycle of a Star like the Sun

8.1.8Life Cycle of a Star Much Bigger than the Sun

8.1.9Creation of Elements

8.1.10Red-shift

8.1.11The Big Bang Theory

8.1.12Gaps in Knowledge

8.1.13End of Topic Test - Astrophysics

8.1.14Exam-Style Questions - Astrophysics