5.2.6
The Brain
The Brain
The Brain
The brain is a very complex organ that controls all conscious and unconscious thoughts in order to keep an organism alive.
Brain function
Brain function
- The brain is made up of millions of interconnecting neurones (nerve cells).
- Different regions of the brain are responsible for coordinating (organising) different functions.
Brain damage
Brain damage
- The brain is delicate, complex, and not well understood.
- Therefore, the treatment of brain damage and brain disease is difficult.
Parts of the Brain
Parts of the Brain
The brain is made up of three main parts. They are:
Cerebellum
Cerebellum
- This part is responsible for the muscle coordination.
- The cerebellum is important for movement, posture, balance and speech.
Cerebral cortex
Cerebral cortex
- This part is responsible for conscious thought (e.g. memory, language and intelligence).
Medulla
Medulla
- This part is responsible for unconscious activities (e.g. breathing and heartbeat).
Researching the Brain
Researching the Brain
Neuroscientists (scientists who study the brain) have been working for many years to understand how the brain works.
MRI scanners
MRI scanners
- MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
- MRI scanners have allowed us to learn which areas of the brain are active during different activities, such as moving, speaking and listening.
Brain damage
Brain damage
- By studying patients with brain damage, where part of their brain doesn’t function, neuroscientists have been able to link particular regions of the brain to particular functions.
Electrical stimulation
Electrical stimulation
- Electrical stimulation has also allowed us to treat certain disorders of the brain.
- Because the nervous system communicates using electrical impulses, electrical stimulation is used to help treat conditions such as Parkinson’s disease (causes tremors).
1Cell Biology
1.1What's in Cells?
1.1.1Types of Cells
1.1.2Properties of Prokaryotes
1.1.3Standard Form
1.1.4Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.5Addition in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.6Subtraction in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.7Multiplication in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.8Division in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.9Animal Cells
1.1.10Plant Cells
1.1.11Differences Between Animal & Plant Cells
1.1.12Bacterial Cells
1.1.13Types of Cells HyperLearning
1.1.14Cell Specialisation in Animals
1.1.15Sperm Cells
1.1.16Nerve Cells
1.1.17Muscle Cells
1.1.18Cell Specialisation in Plants
1.1.19Microscopy
1.1.20Developments in Microscopy
1.1.21Microscope Practical
1.1.22Microscopy - Calculations
1.1.23Culturing Microorganisms
1.1.24Contamination
1.1.25Avoiding Contamination
1.1.26Calculating Bacteria
1.1.27Calculating Bacteria - Calculations
1.1.28End of Topic Test - What's in Cells?
1.1.29Exam-Style Questions - Cell Structure & Microscopy
1.2Cell Division
1.3Transport in Cells
1.3.1Diffusion
1.3.2Factors Affecting Diffusion
1.3.3Surface Area : Volume
1.3.4Surface Area : Volume - Calculations
1.3.5Exchange Surfaces
1.3.6Examples of Exchange Surfaces
1.3.7Osmosis
1.3.8Osmosis Practical
1.3.9Active Transport
1.3.10Transport in Cells
1.3.11End of Topic Test - Cell Division & Transport
1.3.12Grade 9 - Cell Transport
2Organisation
2.1Principles of Organisation
2.2Enzymes
2.2.1Enzymes
2.2.2Enzymes HyperFlashcards
2.2.3Rate of Reaction
2.2.4Calculating Rate of Reaction
2.2.5Rate of Reaction - Calculations
2.2.6Digestion
2.2.7Bile
2.2.8Examples of Digestive Enzymes - Amylase
2.2.9Examples of Digestive Enzymes - Protease
2.2.10Examples of Digestive Enzymes - Lipase
2.2.11Testing for Biological Molecules
2.2.12End of Topic Test - Organisation & Enzymes
2.2.13Grade 9 - Enzymes
2.2.14Exam-Style Questions - Enzymes
2.3Circulatory System
2.3.1Types of Blood Vessel
2.3.2Blood Vessels - Arteries
2.3.3Blood Vessels - Capillaries
2.3.4Blood Vessels - Veins
2.3.5The Heart - Structure
2.3.6The Heart - Function
2.3.7Important Blood Vessels
2.3.8Double Circulatory System
2.3.9Gas Exchange
2.3.10Gas exchange - Calculations
2.3.11Alveoli
2.3.12Blood Components
2.3.13Platelets
2.3.14Red Blood Cells
2.3.15White Blood Cells
2.3.16End of Topic Test - Circulatory System
2.4Non-Communicable Diseases
2.4.1Health Issues
2.4.2Disease Interactions
2.4.3Sampling
2.4.4Sampling - Calculations
2.4.5Risk Factors
2.4.6Examples of Risk Factors
2.4.7Risk Factor Graphs
2.4.8Coronary Heart Disease
2.4.9Heart Valve Disease
2.4.10Heart Failure
2.4.11Treating Heart Disease
2.4.12Cancer
2.4.13Cancer Risk Factors
2.4.14End of Topic Test - Non-Communicable Diseases
2.4.15Exam-Style Questions - Coronary Heart Disease
2.5Plant Tissues, Organs & Systems
3Infection & Response
3.1Communicable Disease
3.1.1Spreading Disease
3.1.2Viruses
3.1.3Other Pathogens
3.1.4Human Defence Systems
3.1.5Human Defence Systems 2
3.1.6Grade 9 - Immune System
3.1.7Antibiotics
3.1.8Drug Development
3.1.9Drug Testing
3.1.10Drug Testing / Efficacy - Calculations
3.1.11End of Topic Test - Communicable Diseases
3.1.12Exam-Style Questions - Microorganisms & Disease
3.2Monoclonal Antibodies
4Bioenergetics
4.1Photosynthesis
5Homeostasis & Response
5.1Homeostasis
5.2The Human Nervous System
5.2.1The Nervous System
5.2.2The Nervous System HyperFlashcards
5.2.3Synapses
5.2.4Reflexes
5.2.5Exam-Style Questions - Nervous System
5.2.6The Brain
5.2.7Eye Anatomy
5.2.8Eye Function
5.2.9Control of Body Temperature
5.2.10Warming Up & Cooling Down
5.2.11Body Temperature HyperLearning
5.2.12End of Topic Test - Human Nervous System
5.3Hormonal Coordination in Humans
5.3.1Endocrine System
5.3.2Thyroxine & Adrenaline
5.3.3Blood Glucose
5.3.4Diabetes
5.3.5Control of Water Balance
5.3.6Urine
5.3.7Dialysis
5.3.8Transplants
5.3.9Puberty
5.3.10Menstruation
5.3.11Contraception
5.3.12Contraception 2
5.3.13Hormones for Infertility
5.3.14End of Topic Test - Homeostasis & Hormones
5.3.15Grade 9 - Hormonal Coordination
5.3.16Exam-Style Questions - Hormones & Contraception
6Inheritance, Variation & Evolution
6.1Reproduction
6.1.1Reproduction
6.1.2Reproduction 2
6.1.3Genome
6.1.4DNA
6.1.5Protein Synthesis
6.1.6Genetic Inheritance
6.1.7Genetic Crosses
6.1.8Inherited Disorders
6.1.9Inherited Disorders 2
6.1.10Genetic Crosses - Calculations
6.1.11Genome Screening & Sex Determination
6.1.12End of Topic Test - Reproduction
6.1.13Exam-Style Questions - DNA & Genetics
6.2Variation & Evolution
6.3Genetics & Evolution
7Ecology
7.1Adaptations & Interdependence
7.2Organisation of Ecosystems
7.3Biodiversity
7.4Trophic Levels
Jump to other topics
1Cell Biology
1.1What's in Cells?
1.1.1Types of Cells
1.1.2Properties of Prokaryotes
1.1.3Standard Form
1.1.4Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.5Addition in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.6Subtraction in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.7Multiplication in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.8Division in Standard Form - Calculations
1.1.9Animal Cells
1.1.10Plant Cells
1.1.11Differences Between Animal & Plant Cells
1.1.12Bacterial Cells
1.1.13Types of Cells HyperLearning
1.1.14Cell Specialisation in Animals
1.1.15Sperm Cells
1.1.16Nerve Cells
1.1.17Muscle Cells
1.1.18Cell Specialisation in Plants
1.1.19Microscopy
1.1.20Developments in Microscopy
1.1.21Microscope Practical
1.1.22Microscopy - Calculations
1.1.23Culturing Microorganisms
1.1.24Contamination
1.1.25Avoiding Contamination
1.1.26Calculating Bacteria
1.1.27Calculating Bacteria - Calculations
1.1.28End of Topic Test - What's in Cells?
1.1.29Exam-Style Questions - Cell Structure & Microscopy
1.2Cell Division
1.3Transport in Cells
1.3.1Diffusion
1.3.2Factors Affecting Diffusion
1.3.3Surface Area : Volume
1.3.4Surface Area : Volume - Calculations
1.3.5Exchange Surfaces
1.3.6Examples of Exchange Surfaces
1.3.7Osmosis
1.3.8Osmosis Practical
1.3.9Active Transport
1.3.10Transport in Cells
1.3.11End of Topic Test - Cell Division & Transport
1.3.12Grade 9 - Cell Transport
2Organisation
2.1Principles of Organisation
2.2Enzymes
2.2.1Enzymes
2.2.2Enzymes HyperFlashcards
2.2.3Rate of Reaction
2.2.4Calculating Rate of Reaction
2.2.5Rate of Reaction - Calculations
2.2.6Digestion
2.2.7Bile
2.2.8Examples of Digestive Enzymes - Amylase
2.2.9Examples of Digestive Enzymes - Protease
2.2.10Examples of Digestive Enzymes - Lipase
2.2.11Testing for Biological Molecules
2.2.12End of Topic Test - Organisation & Enzymes
2.2.13Grade 9 - Enzymes
2.2.14Exam-Style Questions - Enzymes
2.3Circulatory System
2.3.1Types of Blood Vessel
2.3.2Blood Vessels - Arteries
2.3.3Blood Vessels - Capillaries
2.3.4Blood Vessels - Veins
2.3.5The Heart - Structure
2.3.6The Heart - Function
2.3.7Important Blood Vessels
2.3.8Double Circulatory System
2.3.9Gas Exchange
2.3.10Gas exchange - Calculations
2.3.11Alveoli
2.3.12Blood Components
2.3.13Platelets
2.3.14Red Blood Cells
2.3.15White Blood Cells
2.3.16End of Topic Test - Circulatory System
2.4Non-Communicable Diseases
2.4.1Health Issues
2.4.2Disease Interactions
2.4.3Sampling
2.4.4Sampling - Calculations
2.4.5Risk Factors
2.4.6Examples of Risk Factors
2.4.7Risk Factor Graphs
2.4.8Coronary Heart Disease
2.4.9Heart Valve Disease
2.4.10Heart Failure
2.4.11Treating Heart Disease
2.4.12Cancer
2.4.13Cancer Risk Factors
2.4.14End of Topic Test - Non-Communicable Diseases
2.4.15Exam-Style Questions - Coronary Heart Disease
2.5Plant Tissues, Organs & Systems
3Infection & Response
3.1Communicable Disease
3.1.1Spreading Disease
3.1.2Viruses
3.1.3Other Pathogens
3.1.4Human Defence Systems
3.1.5Human Defence Systems 2
3.1.6Grade 9 - Immune System
3.1.7Antibiotics
3.1.8Drug Development
3.1.9Drug Testing
3.1.10Drug Testing / Efficacy - Calculations
3.1.11End of Topic Test - Communicable Diseases
3.1.12Exam-Style Questions - Microorganisms & Disease
3.2Monoclonal Antibodies
4Bioenergetics
4.1Photosynthesis
5Homeostasis & Response
5.1Homeostasis
5.2The Human Nervous System
5.2.1The Nervous System
5.2.2The Nervous System HyperFlashcards
5.2.3Synapses
5.2.4Reflexes
5.2.5Exam-Style Questions - Nervous System
5.2.6The Brain
5.2.7Eye Anatomy
5.2.8Eye Function
5.2.9Control of Body Temperature
5.2.10Warming Up & Cooling Down
5.2.11Body Temperature HyperLearning
5.2.12End of Topic Test - Human Nervous System
5.3Hormonal Coordination in Humans
5.3.1Endocrine System
5.3.2Thyroxine & Adrenaline
5.3.3Blood Glucose
5.3.4Diabetes
5.3.5Control of Water Balance
5.3.6Urine
5.3.7Dialysis
5.3.8Transplants
5.3.9Puberty
5.3.10Menstruation
5.3.11Contraception
5.3.12Contraception 2
5.3.13Hormones for Infertility
5.3.14End of Topic Test - Homeostasis & Hormones
5.3.15Grade 9 - Hormonal Coordination
5.3.16Exam-Style Questions - Hormones & Contraception
6Inheritance, Variation & Evolution
6.1Reproduction
6.1.1Reproduction
6.1.2Reproduction 2
6.1.3Genome
6.1.4DNA
6.1.5Protein Synthesis
6.1.6Genetic Inheritance
6.1.7Genetic Crosses
6.1.8Inherited Disorders
6.1.9Inherited Disorders 2
6.1.10Genetic Crosses - Calculations
6.1.11Genome Screening & Sex Determination
6.1.12End of Topic Test - Reproduction
6.1.13Exam-Style Questions - DNA & Genetics
6.2Variation & Evolution
6.3Genetics & Evolution
7Ecology
7.1Adaptations & Interdependence
7.2Organisation of Ecosystems
7.3Biodiversity
7.4Trophic Levels
Unlock your full potential with GoStudent tutoring
Affordable 1:1 tutoring from the comfort of your home
Tutors are matched to your specific learning needs
30+ school subjects covered