6.1.2

Intertextuality & Cultural References

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Intertextuality and Cultural References

Perhaps as a means of furthering the artificial sense of realism in the novel, Stoker makes use of intertextuality, particularly in the opening Chapters.

_Hamlet_

Hamlet

  • Jonathan alludes to Shakespeare’s Hamlet, possibly foreshadowing his lapse into madness with a brain-fever.
_Othello_

Othello

  • Lucy’s sympathising with “poor Desdemona” is chilling proleptic of the violent, phallic imagery by which Arthur drives the “mercy-bearing stake deeper and deeper", whilst the blood from the pierced heart welled and spurted up around it.
  • Arthur’s actions are, like Othello’s murder of his wife, imbued with a higher purpose, with the intention of saving the woman he loved.
Cultural references

Cultural references

  • Literary allusions are also combined with 19th-century cultural references such as:
    • Bradshaw’s Guide - a volume of railway timetables published annually from 1839 - 1961;
    • The Zoological Gardens in Regent’s Park;
    • The ruins of Whitby Abbey;
    • Scientific figures such as French neurologist Jean Martin Charcot and Hungarian historian Arminius Vambery.
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1

Context - Gothic Literature

2

Context - The Victorian Era

3

Chapter Summaries & Analyses

4

Character Profiles

5

Key Ideas

6

Writing Techniques

7

Critical Debates & Interpretations

7.1

Initial Reception of Dracula

7.2

Modern Reception of Dracula

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