For Students
For Teachers
For Parents

Join class Login Sign up

For Students
For Teachers
For Parents
For Schools
Resources

Join class
Login

Revision notes
IB Diploma
Biology
Biology: IB Diploma
Carbon Cycle

Carbon Cycle

Biology: IB Diploma Higher Level, topic 8.3.1

Test yourself on Carbon Cycle

Practise this topic for free

Previous topic8.2.4 Heterotrophs & Autotrophs Next topic8.4.1 Carbon Dioxide

Biology: IB Diploma Higher Level contents

1 Unity & Diversity - Molecules
- 1.1 Water
  1.1.1 The Importance of Water
  1.1.2 The Structure of Water
  1.1.3 The Properties of Water
  1.1.4 IB Multiple Choice - Water & Hydrogen Bonding
  1.1.5 Extended Response - Water
- 1.2 DNA Structure & Replication
  1.2.1 DNA
  1.2.2 RNA
  1.2.3 Semi-Conservative DNA Replication
  1.2.4 DNA Replication
  1.2.5 DNA Replication - Summary
  1.2.6 IB Multiple Choice - DNA Replication
- 1.3 Transcription & Gene Expression
  1.3.1 Introduction to Transcription & Protein Synthesis
  1.3.2 Types of RNA
  1.3.3 Transcription
  1.3.4 RNA Processing in Eukaryotes
  1.3.5 IB Multiple Choice - Transcription
- 1.4 Translation
  1.4.1 Translation
  1.4.2 Retroviruses
  1.4.3 Scientific Practices: Coronavirus
  1.4.4 IB Multiple Choice - Translation
2 Unity & Diversity - Cells
- 2.1 The Origin of Cells
  2.1.1 Origins - Endosymbiosis
- 2.2 Introduction to Cells
  2.2.1 Introduction to Cells
  2.2.2 Cell Size & Surface Area
  2.2.3 Surface Area to Volume Ratio
  2.2.4 Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells
  2.2.5 Stem Cells
  2.2.6 Stem Cells in Disease
- 2.3 Ultrastructure of Cells
  2.3.1 Golgi, Lysosomes & Ribosomes
  2.3.2 Cell Walls & Vacuole
  2.3.3 Prokaryotes
  2.3.4 Binary Fission
- 2.4 Cell Division
  2.4.1 The Cell Cycle
  2.4.2 Mitosis
  2.4.3 Regulation of the Cell Cycle
  2.4.4 End of Topic Quiz - The Cell Cycle
  2.4.5 IB Multiple Choice - The Cell Cycle
  2.4.6 Extended Response - Mitosis
- 2.5 Structure of DNA & RNA
  2.5.1 DNA & RNA
- 2.6 DNA Replication, Transcription & Translation
  2.6.1 Protein Synthesis
  2.6.2 Transcription & Translation
  2.6.3 End of Topic Test - DNA, Genes & Protein Synthesis
  2.6.4 Exam-Style Question - Protein Synthesis
  2.6.5 End of Topic Test - Coronavirus Translation
  2.6.6 IB Multiple Choice - Transcription
  2.6.7 IB Multiple Choice - Translation
- 2.7 Cell Respiration
  2.7.1 Overview of Respiration
  2.7.2 Anaerobic Respiration
  2.7.3 End of Topic Test - Anaerobic Respiration
  2.7.4 Respiration Experiments
  2.7.5 End of Topic Test - Respiration
  2.7.6 IB Multiple Choice - Respiration
- 2.8 Photosynthesis
  2.8.1 Overview of Photosynthesis
- 2.9 Viruses
  2.9.1 Viruses
3 Unity & Diversity - Organisms
4 Unity & Diversity - Ecosystems
- 4.1 Classification
  4.1.1 Introduction to Biodiversity
  4.1.2 Keystone Species
  4.1.3 Courtship & Ancestry
  4.1.4 Classification
- 4.2 Cladistics
  4.2.1 Evolutionary Relationships
  4.2.2 IB Multiple Choice - Species & Taxonomy
- 4.3 Evolution & Speciation
  4.3.1 Evidence for Evolution - Fossils & DNA
  4.3.2 Evidence for Evolution - Anatomy & Geography
  4.3.3 IB Multiple Choice - Evidence for Evolution
  4.3.4 Extended Response - DNA & Evolution
  4.3.5 Populations
  4.3.6 Mutations, Genetic Drift, & Gene Flow
  4.3.7 Speciation
  4.3.8 Rate of Speciation
  4.3.9 Allopatric & Sympatric Speciation
- 4.4 Conservation of Biodiversity
  4.4.1 Coming Soon!
5 Form & Function - Molecules
- 5.1 Carbohydrates & Lipids
  5.1.1 Monosaccharides
  5.1.2 Disaccharides & Polysaccharides
  5.1.3 Triglycerides & Phospholipids
  5.1.4 Cellulose
  5.1.5 Starch & Glycogen
- 5.2 Proteins
  5.2.1 Structure & Functions of Proteins
6 Form & Function - Cells
- 6.1 Membranes & Membrane Transport
  6.1.1 Passive Movement Across Membranes
  6.1.2 Active Movement Across Membranes
  6.1.3 Endocytosis & Exocystosis
  6.1.4 Cell Membrane Structure & Permeability
- 6.2 Organelles & Compartmentalization
  6.2.1 Eukaryotic Cells & Organelles
  6.2.2 Subcellular Components & Organelles
- 6.3 Cell Specialization
  6.3.1 Cell Specialization
7 Form & Function - Organisms
- 7.1 Gas Exchange
  7.1.1 Lung Structure & Alveoli
  7.1.2 Ventilation
  7.1.3 Lung Disease
  7.1.4 Lung Disease Data
- 7.2 Transport
  7.2.1 The Circulatory System
  7.2.2 The Heart
  7.2.3 Blood Vessels
  7.2.4 Cardiovascular Disease
  7.2.5 Xylem Structure
  7.2.6 Cohesion-Tension Theory
  7.2.7 Investigating Transpiration Rate
  7.2.8 Phloem Structure
  7.2.9 Translocation
- 7.3 Muscle & Motility
  7.3.1 Skeletal Muscle
  7.3.2 Sliding Filament Theory
  7.3.3 Contraction
8 Form & Function - Ecosystems
- 8.1 Species, Communities & Ecosytems
  8.1.1 Population Dynamics
  8.1.2 Communities & Measuring Diversity
  8.1.3 Relationships Between Populations
  8.1.4 Overview of Ecosystems
  8.1.5 Nutrient Cycles
  8.1.6 Fertilisers
  8.1.7 Eutrophication
  8.1.8 Chi-Squared Test
- 8.2 Energy Flow
  8.2.1 Energy
  8.2.2 Energy Flow
  8.2.3 Biomass & Food Chains
  8.2.4 Heterotrophs & Autotrophs
- 8.3 Carbon Cycle
  8.3.1 Carbon Cycle
- 8.4 Climate Change
  8.4.1 Carbon Dioxide
  8.4.2 The Greenhouse Effect
  8.4.3 Global Warming
  8.4.4 Maintaining Biodiversity
9 Interaction & Interdependence - Molecules
- 9.1 Enzymes
  9.1.1 Enzymes
  9.1.2 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
  9.1.3 Enzyme-Controlled Reactions
  9.1.4 End of Topic Test - Enzymes
- 9.2 Metabolism
  9.2.1 Molecules to Metabolism
- 9.3 Cell Respiration
  9.3.1 Glycolysis
  9.3.2 Aerobic Respiration
- 9.4 Photosynthesis
  9.4.1 Light-Dependent Reaction
  9.4.2 Light-Independent Reaction
  9.4.3 End of Topic Test - Photosynthesis Reactions
  9.4.4 Limiting Factors
  9.4.5 Photosynthesis Experiments
  9.4.6 End of Topic Test - Photosynthesis
  9.4.7 End of Topic Test - Photosynthesis
10 Interaction & Interdependence - Cells
- 10.1 Chemical Signalling
  10.1.1 Coming Soon!
- 10.2 Neural Signalling
  10.2.1 Medical Application
  10.2.2 Speed of Transmission
  10.2.3 Synapses
  10.2.4 End of Topic Test - Nervous Comm&Coord
  10.2.5 Neuron Structure
  10.2.6 Types of Synapse
  10.2.7 End of Topic Test - Neurones & Action Potentials
  10.2.8 Transmission of an Impulse
  10.2.9 End of Topic Test - Synapses
- 10.3 Adaptation to Environment
  10.3.1 Coming Soon!
- 10.4 Ecological Niches
  10.4.1 Coming Soon!
11 Interaction & Interdependence - Organisms
- 11.1 Integration of Body Systems
  11.1.1 Plant Tropisms
- 11.2 Defence Against Disease
  11.2.1 Immune System
  11.2.2 The Immune Response
  11.2.3 Antibodies
  11.2.4 Primary & Secondary Response
  11.2.5 Vaccines
  11.2.6 HIV
  11.2.7 End of Topic Test - Immune System
12 Interaction & Interdependence - Ecosystems
- 12.1 Populations & Communities
  12.1.1 Coming Soon!
- 12.2 Transfers of Energy & Matter
  12.2.1 Coming Soon!
13 Continuity & Change - Molecules
- 13.1 DNA Replication
  13.1.1 DNA Replication
- 13.2 Protein Synthesis
  13.2.1 Protein Synthesis
  13.2.2 Transcription & Translation
  13.2.3 End of Topic Test - DNA, Genes & Protein Synthesis
- 13.3 Mutation & Gene Editing
  13.3.1 Genes
  13.3.2 Mutations
  13.3.3 DNA Technology
  13.3.4 PCR & Gel Electrophoresis
  13.3.5 Genetic Modification
  13.3.6 Cloning
14 Continuity & Change - Cells
- 14.1 Gene Expression
  14.1.1 Introduction to Transcription & Protein Synthesis
  14.1.2 Types of RNA
  14.1.3 Transcription
  14.1.4 RNA Processing in Eukaryotes
  14.1.5 IB Multiple Choice - Transcription
- 14.2 Water Potential
  14.2.1 Controlling Blood Water Potential
15 Continuity & Change - Organisms
- 15.1 Inheritance
  15.1.1 Non-Nuclear Inheritance
  15.1.2 Linked Genes
  15.1.3 IB Multiple Choice - Non-Mendelian Genetics
  15.1.4 Extended Response - Inheritance
  15.1.5 Introduction to Non-Mendelian Inheritance
  15.1.6 Chi-Squared Test
  15.1.7 End of Topic Quiz - Inheritance
  15.1.8 Sex-Linked Genes
  15.1.9 Grade 4-5 (Scientific Practices) - Inheritance
- 15.2 Homeostasis
  15.2.1 Overview of Homeostasis
  15.2.2 Blood Glucose Concentration
  15.2.3 Controlling Blood Glucose Concentration
  15.2.4 End of Topic Test - Blood Glucose
  15.2.5 Type I & Type II Diabetes
  15.2.6 Human Reproductive Systems
  15.2.7 Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle
  15.2.8 Kidneys & Osmoregulation
16 Continuity & Change - Ecosystems
- 16.1 Natural Selection
  16.1.1 Natural Selection
- 16.2 Stability & Change
  16.2.1 Coming Soon!
- 16.3 Climate Change
  16.3.1 Carbon Dioxide
  16.3.2 The Greenhouse Effect
  16.3.3 Global Warming
  16.3.4 Maintaining Biodiversity

Seneca

Teachers
Parents
Students
Your school
Join class
Get mobile app
Evidence Seneca works

Resources

Revision Notes
International A Level
IGCSE
IB Diploma
Maths
Teacher CPD
Resource Hub
Blog
Free CPD courses
Definitions
Mental health & wellbeing
Find tutors
Become a tutor

Legal

Terms
Privacy - UK
GDPR
Cookies
Privacy - DE + AT
Privacy - ES
Privacy - FR
Privacy - IT

Contact us

learnmore@seneca.io
Instagram
Facebook
YouTube
X
TikTok
Help & FAQs
Press kit

A Level Courses

A Level Biology Revision
A Level Business Revision
A Level Chemistry Revision
A Level Physics Revision
A Level Economics Revision
A Level English Language Revision
A Level English Literature Revision
A Level Geography Revision
A Level History Revision
A Level Political Studies Revision
A Level Psychology Revision
A Level Sociology Revision
A Level Maths Revision

GCSE Courses

GCSE Biology Revision
GCSE Business Revision
GCSE Chemistry Revision
GCSE Physics Revision
GCSE Computer Science Revision
GCSE Design Technology Revision
GCSE English Language Revision
GCSE English Literature Revision
GCSE Food Preparation & Nutrition Revision
GCSE French Revision
GCSE Geography Revision
GCSE German Revision
GCSE History Revision
GCSE Maths Revision
GCSE Media Studies Revision
GCSE Music Revision
GCSE Physical Education Revision
GCSE Religious Studies Revision
GCSE Sociology Revision
GCSE Spanish Revision

International A Level

International A Level Biology Revision
International A Level Chemistry Revision
International A Level Physics Revision

IGCSE

IGCSE Biology Revision
IGCSE Chemistry Revision
IGCSE Physics Revision
IGCSE Geography Revision
IGCSE English Language Revision
IGCSE Computer Science Revision

IB Diploma

IB Biology Revision
IB Physics Revision
IB Chemistry Revision
IB Business Revision
IB Economics Revision

KS3 Courses

KS3 English Revision
KS3 French Revision
KS3 Spanish Revision
KS3 Geography Revision
KS3 History Revision
KS3 Maths Revision
KS3 Science Revision

KS2 Courses

KS2 Computing
KS2 English
KS2 French
KS2 Geography
KS2 History
KS2 Maths
KS2 Science