1.1.2

Accents

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Accents in French

It is important to understand how the use of accents changes the sound of words.

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French accents

  • There are five different accents in French:
    • ç - the cedilla (la cédille)
    • é - the acute accent (l'accent aigu)
    • â, ê, î, ô, û - the circumflex (l'accent circonflexe)
    • à, è, ì, ò, ù - the grave accent (l'accent grave)
    • ë, ï, ü - the trema (l'accent tréma)
  • It is important to pronounce accents correctly as it is the only way to tell the difference in meaning between some words.
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Use of the acute and grave accents

  • The acute accent is used to stress an 'e' in French.
    • It can only ever be found on an e and is pronounced 'eh'.
  • Eg. 'ferme', means a totally different thing to 'fermé'.
    • 'Ferme' means 'farm', and 'fermé' means 'closed'.
  • The grave accent is used on an 'a', 'e', or 'u'.
    • e.g. 'ou' (or) and 'où' (where)
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Use of the cedilla

  • The cedilla is only found under 'c' and changes the pronunciation to an 's'.
  • Cs with a cedilla are only ever found before 'a', 'o' or 'u'. e.g. 'français' or 'garçon'.
  • Cs found before an 'e' or 'i' are pronounced like an 's' anyway.
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Use of the circumflex and trema

  • The circumflex can be found above every vowel and generally doesn't change the pronunciation.
    • A circumflex is used to differentiate between words that are spelt the same but have different meanings. e.g. sur (on) and sûr (sour).
  • The trema can be found above 'e', 'i' or 'u'.

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1Phonics/Alphabet/Spellings

1.1Alphabet & Accents

1.1.1The Alphabet

1.1.2Accents

2Family & Home

2.1Family

2.1.1My Name

2.1.2My Age

2.1.3Talking About Yourself

2.1.4Adjectives Must Agree

2.1.5Colours

2.1.6Hair and Eyes

2.1.7Physical Appearance

2.1.8Personality

2.1.9Family Members

2.1.10Eldest & Youngest

2.1.11Other Family Members

2.1.12Immediate Family - Listening

2.1.13Extended Family - Listening

2.1.14Family Life - Listening

2.1.15Family in Paris - Listening

2.1.16Numbers 1-10

2.1.17Numbers 11-20

2.1.18Numbers 21-29

2.1.19Numbers 30-100

2.1.20Months of the Year

2.1.21What Time Is It?

2.1.22Time of the Year

2.1.23Years

2.1.24Describing Others - Physical Appearance

2.1.25Describing Others - Personality

2.1.26Friends

2.1.27Pets

2.1.28Days of the Week

2.1.29Frequency

2.2Home

2.2.1Where I Live

2.2.2My House

2.2.3Rooms of the House

2.2.4In My House

2.2.5Household Objects

2.2.6Home Activities

2.2.7Chores

2.2.8My Home - Listening

2.2.9My Furniture - Listening

2.3Customs & Traditions in French Speaking Countries

2.3.1Customs & Traditions in French Speaking Countries

2.3.2Celebrating

2.3.3French Celebrations

2.3.4Christmas Traditions

2.3.5Christmas in France - Listening

2.3.6National Holidays - Listening

2.4Relationships

2.4.1Couples

2.4.2Single

2.4.3Weddings

2.4.4Marriage & Divorce

2.4.5Love

2.4.6Cohabitation

2.4.7Good & Bad Relationships

2.4.8Ideal Partners

3Lifestyle

3.1Food

3.1.1Fruits

3.1.2Vegetables

3.1.3Meat & Fish

3.1.4Drinks

3.1.5Snacks

3.1.6Ordering

3.1.7Eating Out - Starters

3.1.8Eating Out - Main Course

3.1.9Eating Out - Dessert

3.1.10Favourite Food - Listening

3.1.11Breakfast - Listening

3.1.12Restaurants - Listening

3.2Sports & Games

3.2.1Games

3.2.2Jouer

3.2.3Sports with 'jouer'

3.2.4Faire

3.2.5Sports with 'faire'

3.2.6Exercise - Listening

3.2.7Working Out - Listening

3.3Health

3.3.1Healthy Living

3.3.2Unhealthy Living

3.3.3Illness

3.3.4Ache

3.3.5Pains

3.3.6Diets - Listening

4Education & Future Plans

4.1School

4.1.1'Ne... pas'

4.1.2School Subjects

4.1.3School Subjects 2

4.1.4The School Day

4.1.5Describing Your School

4.1.6School Rules

4.1.7School Uniform

4.1.8School Years

4.1.9School Supplies

4.1.10Classroom

4.1.11Classroom Furniture

4.1.12School Bags - Listening

4.2Future Plans

4.2.1Jobs

4.2.2Opinions

4.2.3Places of Work

4.2.4Further Education

4.2.5Reasons Why

4.2.6Ambitions

4.2.7Jobs & Occupations - Listening

4.2.8Aspirations - Listening

5Leisure, Free Time & Media

5.1Free Time

5.1.1Opinion Phrases

5.1.2Conjugating Two Verbs

5.1.3Music

5.1.4Instruments

5.1.5Cinema

5.1.6TV

5.1.7Books

5.1.8Mobile Technology

5.1.9Social Networks

5.1.10Video Games

5.1.11Advantages of Technology

5.1.12Dangers of Technology

5.1.13Social Media

5.1.14Justifying Preferences

5.1.15Weekend Activities - Listening

5.1.16Summer Activities - Listening

5.2Shopping

5.2.1Spending & Saving

5.2.2Shopping

5.2.3Money

5.2.4Style & Fashion

5.2.5Shopping for Clothes

5.2.6Pocket Money

5.2.7Part-Time Jobs

5.2.8Fashion - Listening

6Wider World

6.1Town & Region

6.1.1Places in the Town

6.1.2Describing My Town

6.1.3Things To Do

6.1.4Improving My Town

6.1.5Directions

6.1.6Cities & Regions

6.1.7Cities & Villages

6.1.8Cities - Listening

6.1.9Regions - Listening

6.2Holidays

6.2.1Masculine Countries

6.2.2Feminine Countries

6.2.3Going on Holiday

6.2.4Accommodation

6.2.5Activities

6.2.6Making a Reservation

6.2.7Making a Complaint

6.2.8Good Weather

6.2.9Bad Weather

6.2.10French-Speaking Countries

6.2.11Dream Holidays - Listening

6.3Global Issues

6.3.1To Waste Energy

6.3.2To Save Energy

6.3.3Environmental Problems

6.3.4Priorities

6.3.5Addressing The Problem

6.3.6Volunteering

6.3.7Volunteer Work

6.3.8Social Causes

6.3.9Human Rights

6.3.10Human Rights 2

6.3.11Freedom - Listening

7Grammar

7.1Present Tense

7.1.1Regular ER Verbs

7.1.25 Common ER Verbs

7.1.3Regular IR Verbs

7.1.45 Common IR Verbs

7.1.5Regular RE Verbs

7.1.65 Common RE Verbs

7.1.7Irregular ER Verbs - Aller

7.1.8Verbs That End in 'cer' and 'ger'

7.1.9Stem Changing Verbs

7.1.10Irregular IR Verbs Like 'Partir'

7.1.11Irregular IR Verbs That End in 'vrir'

7.1.12Irregular IR Verbs That End in 'enir'

7.1.13Irregular IR Verbs With No Pattern

7.1.14Modal Irregular IR Verbs

7.1.15Prendre

7.1.16Irregular RE Verbs That End in 'ttre'

7.1.17Irregular RE Verbs With No Pattern

7.1.18Irregular RE Verbs With No Pattern 2

7.1.19Reflexive Verbs

7.1.20Avoir

7.1.21Être

7.1.22Faire

7.1.23Aller

7.1.24Modal Verbs - Vouloir

7.1.25Modal Verbs - Pouvoir

7.1.26Modal Verbs - Devoir

7.2Perfect Tense

7.2.1Regular ER Verbs in the Perfect Tense

7.2.2Regular IR Verbs in the Perfect Tense

7.2.3Regular RE Verbs in the Perfect Tense

7.2.4Irregular Past Participle With 'Avoir'

7.2.5Irregular Past Participle With 'Avoir' 2

7.2.6Être RE Verbs

7.2.7Être IR Verbs

7.2.8Être ER Verbs

7.2.9'Venir'

7.2.10'Naître' & 'Mourir'

7.3Imperfect Tense

7.3.1Imperfect Tense - Regular ER Verbs

7.3.2Imperfect Tense - 5 Common ER Verbs

7.3.3Imperfect Tense - Regular IR Verbs

7.3.4Imperfect Tense - 5 Common IR Verbs

7.3.5Imperfect Tense - Regular RE Verbs

7.3.6Imperfect Tense - 5 Common RE Verbs

7.3.7Imperfect Tense - Irregular ER Verbs

7.3.8Imperfect Tense - Être

7.3.9Imperfect Tense - Irregular IR Verbs

7.3.10Imperfect Tense - Irregular RE Verbs

7.3.11When to Use the Imperfect vs the Perfect

7.4Future Tense

7.4.1Immediate Future

7.4.2Future Tense - Regular ER Verbs

7.4.3Future Tense - 5 Common ER Verbs

7.4.4Future Tense - Regular IR Verbs

7.4.5Future Tense - 5 Common IR Verbs

7.4.6Future Tense - Regular RE Verbs

7.4.7Future Tense - 5 Common RE Verbs

7.4.8Future Tense - Irregulars

7.4.9Future Tense - Irregulars 2

7.5Conditional Tense

7.5.1Conditional Tense - Regular ER Verbs

7.5.2Conditional Tense - 5 Common ER Verbs

7.5.3Conditional Tense - Regular IR Verbs

7.5.4Conditional Tense - 5 Common IR Verbs

7.5.5Conditional Tense - Regular RE Verbs

7.5.6Conditional Tense - 5 Common RE Verbs

7.5.7Conditional Tense - Irregulars

7.5.8Conditional Tense - Irregulars 2

7.6Passive

7.6.1Present Passive Voice

7.6.2Perfect Passive Voice

7.6.3Future Passive Voice

7.6.4Imperfect Future Passive Voice

7.6.5Avoiding The Passive

7.6.6Making The Passive Active

7.7Imperative

7.7.1Imperatives

7.7.2Irregular Imperatives

8Other Grammar

8.1Nouns

8.1.1The, A

8.1.2Some

8.1.3Masculine

8.1.4Masculine 2

8.1.5Feminine

8.1.6Feminine 2

8.1.7Masculine Plurals

8.1.8Feminine Plurals

8.1.9Irregular Plurals

8.1.10Suffixes

8.2Adjectives

8.2.1Adjectives Must Agree

8.2.2Irregular Agreements

8.2.3No Pattern Irregulars

8.2.4Adjectives Which Change Their Meaning

8.2.5Before the Noun

8.2.6Before the Noun 2

8.2.7After the Noun

8.2.8Comparing Adjectives

8.2.9Superlative Adjectives

8.2.10Good, Better, Best

8.2.11Patterns

8.2.12Masculine and Feminine

8.3Pronouns

8.3.1Subject Pronouns

8.3.2Direct Object Pronouns

8.3.3Indirect Object Pronouns

8.3.4Reflexive Pronouns

8.3.5Indefinite Pronouns

8.3.6'Y' & 'En'

8.4Adverbs

8.4.1Adding 'ment'

8.4.2Exceptions

8.4.3Good, Badly, Fast

8.5Infinitive Phrases

8.5.1Infinitive Phrases

8.6Conjunctions

8.6.1But, And

8.6.2Then, So

8.6.3Because, While

8.6.4However, For Example

8.7Negatives

8.7.1'Ne...pas'

8.7.2Other Negatives

8.7.3Negative Sentences

8.8Prepositions

8.8.1In, To, Of

8.8.2Verbs That Use 'A' or 'De'

8.9Asking Questions

8.9.1What, Which, Where?

8.9.2How, When?

8.9.3'Est-ce que...'

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The Alphabet

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