1.7.3
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
AI deals with creating machines that think and act like humans. It is used plenty in daily life, from industry to personal use.
What is artificial intelligence (AI)?
What is artificial intelligence (AI)?
- AI is a branch of computer science that involves computers simulating intelligent behaviour.
- They are designed to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as reasoning, problem-solving, decision-making, and learning from experience.
- Examples: voice assistants, self-driving cars, medical diagnosis systems
Characteristics of AI
Characteristics of AI
- Data collection:
- AI systems gather large amounts of data and have set rules for using the data (such as logic or algorithms).
- Reasoning ability:
- AI systems can process information logically to solve problems or make decisions.
- Ability to learn and adapt:
- AI systems can automatically improve their performance over time without being explicitly reprogrammed.
Expert systems
Expert systems
- An expert system is a type of AI that is designed to act like a human expert in a specific field (e.g. a medical diagnosis system suggesting treatments)
- Components:
- Knowledge Base: Stores facts and information about a specific subject
- Rule Base: Contains a set of "if-then" rules
- Inference Engine: Applies rules from the rule base to the facts in the knowledge base to make conclusion
- Interface: A part that allows human users to interact with the system
Machine learning
Machine learning
- Machine learning is a subfield of AI, where a program can automatically adapt its processes or data.
- Instead of being programmed for every scenario, the machine learns from large amounts of new data and experience.
- The more data it is given, the better it becomes at making decisions.
- Example: spam email filters, recommendation systems (Netflix, YouTube)
AI in everyday life
AI in everyday life
- Transport:
- Self-driving cars, traffic prediction
- Medicine:
- Diagnosing diseases, drug discovery
- Business:
- Chatbots, fraud detection
- Entertainment:
- Personalised recommendations, gaming AI
1Computer Systems
1.1Data Representation
1.1.1Binary Numbers
1.1.2Negative Binary Numbers
1.1.3Hexadecimal
1.1.4Using Hexadecimal
1.1.5Converting Binary & Hexadecimal
1.1.6Converting Denary & Hexadecimal
1.1.7Capacity
1.1.8Calculating Capacity Requirements
1.1.9Binary in Computer Systems
1.1.10Data Compression
1.1.11Run Length Encoding
1.1.12File Formats
1.2Data Transmission
1.3Hardware
1.3.1Elements of Computer Systems
1.3.2Types of Computer System
1.3.3Von Neumann Architecture
1.3.4The Fetch, Decode, Execute Cycle
1.3.5Factors Affecting CPU Performance
1.3.6Computational Logic
1.3.7Input Devices
1.3.82D & 3D Scanners
1.3.9Code Readers
1.3.10Solid State Storage
1.3.11Magnetic Storage
1.3.12Examples of Magnetic Storage
1.3.13Optical Storage
1.3.14Examples of Optical Storage
1.3.15Types of Optical disk
1.3.16Storage Requirements
1.3.17Translation - Compilers
1.3.18Translation - Interpreters
1.3.19Translation - Assemblers
1.3.20Acoustic Sensors
1.3.21Flow Sensors
1.3.22Gas Sensors
1.3.23Humidity Sensors
1.3.24Infrared Sensors
1.3.25Level Sensors
1.3.26Light Sensors
1.3.27Magnetic Field Sensors
1.3.28Moisture Sensors
1.3.29pH Sensors
1.3.30Pressure Sensors
1.3.31Proximity Sensors
1.3.32Temperature Sensors
1.3.33Network Hardware
1.5The Internet & its Uses
1.6Cyber Security
1.6.1Forms of Attack
1.6.2Penetration Testing
1.6.3Types of Malware
1.6.4How Malware Spreads
1.6.5Protecting Against Malware
1.6.6Information Security
1.6.7Structured Query Language (SQL) Injection
1.6.8Firewalls
1.6.9Authentication: User Access Levels
1.6.10Authentication: Passwords
1.6.11Social Engineering
1.6.12Phishing
1.6.13Denial of Service Attacks
1.7Automated & Emerging Technologies
2Algorithms, Programming & Logic
2.1Algorithm Design & Problem Solving
2.1.1Computational Thinking - Abstraction
2.1.2Computational Thinking - Decomposition
2.1.3Computational Thinking - Algorithmic Thinking
2.1.4Pseudocode
2.1.5Flow Diagrams
2.1.6Interpreting, Correcting & Completing Algorithm
2.1.7Correcting Algorithms
2.1.8Completing Algorithms
2.1.9Testing
2.1.10Types of Testing
2.1.11Test Plans
2.1.12Validation & Sanitation
2.1.13Authentication & Contingencies
2.2Programming
2.2.1Programming Fundamentals - Variables & Constants
2.2.2Programming Fundamentals - Comments
2.2.3Programming Fundamentals - Input & Output
2.2.4Data Types
2.2.5Casting
2.2.6Controlling Program Flow - Sequence
2.2.7Controlling Program Flow - Selection
2.2.8Controlling Program Flow - Iteration
2.2.9Modularity - Subroutines
2.2.10Modularity - Scope
2.2.11Arrays
Jump to other topics
1Computer Systems
1.1Data Representation
1.1.1Binary Numbers
1.1.2Negative Binary Numbers
1.1.3Hexadecimal
1.1.4Using Hexadecimal
1.1.5Converting Binary & Hexadecimal
1.1.6Converting Denary & Hexadecimal
1.1.7Capacity
1.1.8Calculating Capacity Requirements
1.1.9Binary in Computer Systems
1.1.10Data Compression
1.1.11Run Length Encoding
1.1.12File Formats
1.2Data Transmission
1.3Hardware
1.3.1Elements of Computer Systems
1.3.2Types of Computer System
1.3.3Von Neumann Architecture
1.3.4The Fetch, Decode, Execute Cycle
1.3.5Factors Affecting CPU Performance
1.3.6Computational Logic
1.3.7Input Devices
1.3.82D & 3D Scanners
1.3.9Code Readers
1.3.10Solid State Storage
1.3.11Magnetic Storage
1.3.12Examples of Magnetic Storage
1.3.13Optical Storage
1.3.14Examples of Optical Storage
1.3.15Types of Optical disk
1.3.16Storage Requirements
1.3.17Translation - Compilers
1.3.18Translation - Interpreters
1.3.19Translation - Assemblers
1.3.20Acoustic Sensors
1.3.21Flow Sensors
1.3.22Gas Sensors
1.3.23Humidity Sensors
1.3.24Infrared Sensors
1.3.25Level Sensors
1.3.26Light Sensors
1.3.27Magnetic Field Sensors
1.3.28Moisture Sensors
1.3.29pH Sensors
1.3.30Pressure Sensors
1.3.31Proximity Sensors
1.3.32Temperature Sensors
1.3.33Network Hardware
1.5The Internet & its Uses
1.6Cyber Security
1.6.1Forms of Attack
1.6.2Penetration Testing
1.6.3Types of Malware
1.6.4How Malware Spreads
1.6.5Protecting Against Malware
1.6.6Information Security
1.6.7Structured Query Language (SQL) Injection
1.6.8Firewalls
1.6.9Authentication: User Access Levels
1.6.10Authentication: Passwords
1.6.11Social Engineering
1.6.12Phishing
1.6.13Denial of Service Attacks
1.7Automated & Emerging Technologies
2Algorithms, Programming & Logic
2.1Algorithm Design & Problem Solving
2.1.1Computational Thinking - Abstraction
2.1.2Computational Thinking - Decomposition
2.1.3Computational Thinking - Algorithmic Thinking
2.1.4Pseudocode
2.1.5Flow Diagrams
2.1.6Interpreting, Correcting & Completing Algorithm
2.1.7Correcting Algorithms
2.1.8Completing Algorithms
2.1.9Testing
2.1.10Types of Testing
2.1.11Test Plans
2.1.12Validation & Sanitation
2.1.13Authentication & Contingencies
2.2Programming
2.2.1Programming Fundamentals - Variables & Constants
2.2.2Programming Fundamentals - Comments
2.2.3Programming Fundamentals - Input & Output
2.2.4Data Types
2.2.5Casting
2.2.6Controlling Program Flow - Sequence
2.2.7Controlling Program Flow - Selection
2.2.8Controlling Program Flow - Iteration
2.2.9Modularity - Subroutines
2.2.10Modularity - Scope
2.2.11Arrays
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