6.1.1

Dot & Cross Diagrams

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Dot-and-Cross Diagrams

Dot-and-cross diagrams can show electrons being transferred and ions being formed. Dots represent electrons from 1 atom and crosses represent electrons from the other atom. Square brackets and a charge (e.g. 2+) represent ions.

Illustrative background for Sodium + FluorineIllustrative background for Sodium + Fluorine ?? "content

Sodium + Fluorine

  • The sodium atom transfers its outer electron to the fluorine atom, creating Na+ and F- ions. Both of these ions have full outer shells.
Illustrative background for Calcium + OxygenIllustrative background for Calcium + Oxygen ?? "content

Calcium + Oxygen

  • The calcium atom transfers its 2 outer electrons to the oxygen atom, creating Ca2+ and O2- ions which both have full outer shells.

Jump to other topics

1States of Matter

2Elements, Compounds & Mixtures

3Atomic Structure

4The Periodic Table

5Chemical Formulae, Equations & Calculations

6Bonding

7Electrolysis

8Groups of the Periodic Table

9The Atmosphere

10Reactivity Series

11Metal Extraction

12Acids & Alkalis

13Chemical Tests

14Physical Chemistry

15Organic Chemistry

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