Weimar Culture

The Weimar Republic was called the Golden Age of German culture. As there was no censorship (deliberate removing of content from the media) in the Weimar Republic, German culture began to thrive.

Architecture - the Bauhaus school

The Bauhaus School led a new movement in architecture.
- Walter Gropius set up the Bauhaus School in 1919.
Attracting many designers and artists, the Bauhaus movement overturned (got rid of and changed) traditional ideas of architecture.

Art - Expressionism

There was a rise of Expressionism in art.
In their artwork, Expressionists painted from the perspective of a subject. They would distort and change things around in their paintings to emulate emotions and feelings.

Film

Film also became far more popular in the Weimar Republic.
- Expressionism also fed into films and commented on the daily lives of Germans.
Metropolis, which was released in 1927 was a popular German film by Fritz Lang.

Music

Music was shaped by the modern influences of America.
- Music, such as Jazz, became very popular in Weimar Germany.
The cabaret emerged (came about) as an unrestricted form of entertainment.
- Without censorship, performances were provocative (aimed to cause feeling) and could comment on politics and society.

The role of women

According to the constitution, all men and women over 20 were eligible (had the right) to vote in elections.
Divorce was made easier for women and divorce became more common.
112 women represented the German people in the Reichstag and there were more opportunities for women in sport and society.

Women in the Weimar Republic

Women saw an improvement in their political position, economic status and independence in the Weimar Republic. But they still had limited economic power and not everyone agreed with the 'new woman'.

Political position in society

Women could vote in the Weimar Republic.
90% of women exercised (used) their right to vote in elections.
Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution asserted gender equality in the workplace and the home.

Progress in economic status

Women were gaining opportunities in professions.
- They could become teachers, lawyers or doctors.
Women were encouraged to attend university.
Women working part-time increased in Weimar Germany.

Limitations to economic power

The number of women employed dropped from 75% in 1918 to 26% in 1925.
- This was because lots of women worked during the war but stopped afterwards.
Many women stopped working once they became married.

Growing independence

Women did gain more independence in Weimar society.
- Women who earned an income were no longer dependent on men.
- Some women began to focus on ‘leisure’ and less on traditional values of family and marriage.

The 'new woman'

But not everyone agreed with the ‘new woman’.
- Some members of society did not like female independence and viewed these women as morally corrupt.
Some feared that traditional German values were being forgotten.

1The Weimar Republic 1918-1929

1.1World War One

1.1.1WW1

1.1.2The Weimar Republic

1.1.3Early Challenges to Weimar

1.1.4Reparations & the Ruhr

1.1.5Weimar Recovery

1.1.6Weimar Living Standards

1.1.7Weimar Culture

1.1.8End of Topic Test - WW1 & Weimar

1.1.9Grade 9 - The Weimar Republic

2Hitler's Rise to Power 1919-1933

2.1Early Development of the Nazi Party

2.1.1Hitler & the Beginnings of the Nazi Party

2.1.2End of Topic Test - Start of the Nazi Party

2.2The Munich Putsch & the Lean Years

2.2.1The Munich Putsch

2.2.2The Lean Years, 1923-1929

2.2.3End of Topic Test - Putsch & Lean Years

2.2.4Grade 9 - Hitler's Rise to Power

2.3The Growth of Support for the Nazis

2.3.1The Impact of the Great Depression

2.3.2End of Topic Test - Great Depression

2.4How Hitler Became Chancellor

2.4.1Article 48 & Political Turmoil

2.4.2von Papen & Hindenburg's Pact

2.4.3End of Topic Test - Chancellory

2.4.4Grade 9 - How Hitler Became Chancellor

3Nazi Control & Dictatorship 1933-1939

3.1Creating a Dictatorship, 1933-1934

3.1.1The Rise of Hitler

3.1.2End of Topic Test - Dictatorship

3.2The Police State

3.2.1The Police State

3.2.2Repression & Concentration Camps

3.2.3The Nazis & Religion

3.2.4End of Topic Test - Police State

3.2.5Grade 9 - Dictatorship and Police State

3.3Controlling & Influencing Attitudes

3.3.1Propaganda & Censorship

3.3.2Nazi Art & Culture

3.3.3Church Opposition & Social Conformity

3.3.4Youth Opposition & the July Plot

3.3.5End of Topic Test - Controlling Attitudes

3.3.6Grade 9 - Controlling Attitudes

4Life in Nazi Germany 1933-1939

4.1Life in Nazi Germany

4.1.1Women in Nazi Germany

4.1.2Youths in Nazi Germany

4.1.3Employment & Living Standards

4.1.4End of Topic Test - Life in Nazi Germany

4.2The Persecution of Minorities

4.2.1Nazi Racial Beliefs

4.2.2The Persecution of the Jews

4.2.3The Death Camps

4.2.4End of Topic Test - Persecution

4.2.5Grade 9 - Life in Nazi Germany

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