5.1.3

Ireland

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Tyrone's Rebellion

The Earl of Tyrone, Hugh O'Neill, led a rebellion against the Crown. Lasting for nine years, this rebellion seriously threatened Elizabeth's authority in Ireland.

Causes of rebellion

Causes of rebellion

Relations between Ireland and England had been strained from when Edward VI started his policy of plantation (where the Crown took land in Ireland and colonised it with English settlers).
- So Ireland was England's first colony.
Hostility grew in response to this colonisation.
Ireland was also a Catholic country. Tensions developed following the English's attempts to impose Protestantism.
The Earl of Tyrone and other Irish lords wanted to rid Ireland of the English settlers.

Course of rebellion

Course of rebellion

The rebellion began in 1593.
In 1598, the Earl of Tyrone and his forces defeated English troops at the Battle of Yellow Ford.
The Earl of Essex was sent in 1599 to deal with the rebellion. But he failed to control the rebels in Ireland. He made a truce and returned to England without the queen’s consent.
Elizabeth I then sent Lord Mountjoy, who eventually defeated the rebellion in 1603.

Consequence of rebellion

Consequence of rebellion

The Earl of Essex's failure to stop Tyrone's rebellion led to his loss of influence at court. He proceeded to launch his own rebellion against the Crown in 1601.
Elizabeth I's successor, James I would deal with the leaders of the rebellion.

Impact of Tyrone's Rebellion

Tyrone's Rebellion exhausted England's economy. Following the defeat of the rebels, Protestants migrated to the Plantation of Ulster.

Significance of Tyrone’s Rebellion

Significance of Tyrone’s Rebellion

Ireland had been part of England from 1541. The discontent in Ireland threatened Elizabeth as rebels began to seek alliances with the Spanish.
Morgan (2004): “Whereas Elizabeth began her reign with the allegiance and goodwill of the majority of the inhabitants of Ireland, by the time of her death she was left with a sullen and forced obedience”.

Cost of the war

Cost of the war

Dealing with Tyrone’s Rebellion was more costly than the Spanish Armada. It cost around £2 million.

The plantation of Ulster

The plantation of Ulster

In 1607, Earls in Ulster fled.
In 1608, the lands of the Earls were confiscated. This became the heart of colonisation in Ireland.

1

Monarch & Government

1.1

Tudor Monarchs

1.1.1Henry VII 1.1.2Henry VIII 1.1.3Edward VI 1.1.4Mary I 1.1.5Elizabeth I 1.1.6Succession Disputes

1.2

Changing Role of Parliament

1.2.1Parliament & Henry VII 1.2.2Parliament & Henry VIII 1.2.3Parliament After the Reformation

1.3

Principal Servants to the Crown

1.3.1Principal Servants to the Crown

2

Religious Changes

2.1

Tudor Monarchs & Religious Change

2.1.1The Henrician Reformation 2.1.2Impact of Religious Change Under Henry VIII 2.1.3Religious Change Under Edward VI 2.1.4Religious Change Under Mary I 2.1.5Elizabethan Settlement

2.2

Catholicism & Survival

2.2.1Popular Attitudes to Catholicism 2.2.2Catholicism Under Henry VIII 2.2.3Catholicism Under Elizabeth I 2.2.4Catholic Nobility

2.3

Protestantism & Puritanism

2.3.1Protestant Influences 2.3.2Protestantism Under Edward VI 2.3.3Protestantism Under Elizabeth I

3

State Control & Popular Resistance

3.1

Tudor Control of the Country

3.1.1Councils 3.1.2Role of Nobility 3.1.3Justices of the Peace 3.1.4Lord Lieutenant

3.2

The State & the Poor

3.2.1Reasons for Growth of Poverty 3.2.2Punishments for Paupers 3.2.3Role of Charities

3.3

Resistance to Tudor Rule

3.3.1Resistance to Tax & Subsidies 3.3.2Uprisings Against Henry VIII 3.3.3Uprisings Against Edward VI 3.3.4Uprisings Against Elizabeth I 3.3.5Decline of Popular Resistance

4

Economic, Social & Cultural Change

4.1

Patterns of Domestic & Foreign Trade

4.1.1Wool & Cloth 4.1.2Exploration & Trade

4.2

Changing Structure of Society

4.2.1Population 4.2.2Dissolution of Monasteries 4.2.3Enclosure

4.3

Cultural Change

4.3.1Education & Literature 4.3.2Impact of Religious Change 4.3.3Patronage 4.3.4The Arts 4.3.5Cult of Gloriana

5

Historical Interpretations

5.1

Significance of Threats to National Security

5.1.1Spain 5.1.2The Spanish Armada 5.1.3Ireland

5.2

Court Politics

5.2.1Court Factions 5.2.2Essex's Rebellion

5.3

Elizabeth & Parliament

5.3.1Conflict with Parliament

5.4

Social Distress in the 1590s

5.4.1Social Distress in the 1590s

Jump to other topics

1

Monarch & Government

1.1

Tudor Monarchs

1.1.1Henry VII 1.1.2Henry VIII 1.1.3Edward VI 1.1.4Mary I 1.1.5Elizabeth I 1.1.6Succession Disputes

1.2

Changing Role of Parliament

1.2.1Parliament & Henry VII 1.2.2Parliament & Henry VIII 1.2.3Parliament After the Reformation

1.3

Principal Servants to the Crown

1.3.1Principal Servants to the Crown

2

Religious Changes

2.1

Tudor Monarchs & Religious Change

2.1.1The Henrician Reformation 2.1.2Impact of Religious Change Under Henry VIII 2.1.3Religious Change Under Edward VI 2.1.4Religious Change Under Mary I 2.1.5Elizabethan Settlement

2.2

Catholicism & Survival

2.2.1Popular Attitudes to Catholicism 2.2.2Catholicism Under Henry VIII 2.2.3Catholicism Under Elizabeth I 2.2.4Catholic Nobility

2.3

Protestantism & Puritanism

2.3.1Protestant Influences 2.3.2Protestantism Under Edward VI 2.3.3Protestantism Under Elizabeth I

3

State Control & Popular Resistance

3.1

Tudor Control of the Country

3.1.1Councils 3.1.2Role of Nobility 3.1.3Justices of the Peace 3.1.4Lord Lieutenant

3.2

The State & the Poor

3.2.1Reasons for Growth of Poverty 3.2.2Punishments for Paupers 3.2.3Role of Charities

3.3

Resistance to Tudor Rule

3.3.1Resistance to Tax & Subsidies 3.3.2Uprisings Against Henry VIII 3.3.3Uprisings Against Edward VI 3.3.4Uprisings Against Elizabeth I 3.3.5Decline of Popular Resistance

4

Economic, Social & Cultural Change

4.1

Patterns of Domestic & Foreign Trade

4.1.1Wool & Cloth 4.1.2Exploration & Trade

4.2

Changing Structure of Society

4.2.1Population 4.2.2Dissolution of Monasteries 4.2.3Enclosure

4.3

Cultural Change

4.3.1Education & Literature 4.3.2Impact of Religious Change 4.3.3Patronage 4.3.4The Arts 4.3.5Cult of Gloriana

5

Historical Interpretations

5.1

Significance of Threats to National Security

5.1.1Spain 5.1.2The Spanish Armada 5.1.3Ireland

5.2

Court Politics

5.2.1Court Factions 5.2.2Essex's Rebellion

5.3

Elizabeth & Parliament

5.3.1Conflict with Parliament

5.4

Social Distress in the 1590s

5.4.1Social Distress in the 1590s

Practice questions on Ireland

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1
How long did Tyrone's Rebellion last for?Multiple choice
2
Course of Tyrone's Rebellion:True / false
3
Course of Tyrone's RebellionPut in order
4
When did Ireland become part of England?Multiple choice
5
How much did dealing with Tyrone's Rebellion cost the English government?Multiple choice

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The Spanish Armada

Court Factions